高中英语 定语从句中应注意的问题语法复习课件 外研版 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,1.The man is my teacher.,2.This is the book,3.The man is my brother.,4.I will remember the things,5.The room is mine.,6.The girl is in my school.,7.This is the same coat .,8.Dont read such books,he didnt come.,10I still remember the day,11.The school is very beautiful.,who is talking to my mother,which is about medicine,whom I spoke to just now,which I saw,in the school,whose window faces the street,whose father works abroad,as I bought,as are not interesting,As we expected,when I met her.,where he works,定 语 从 句,定语从句（一）,1.,定语从句,:,用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句,.,它一 般都跟在所修饰的名词或代词的后面,被定语从句修饰的词称为,先行词,引导定语从句的词叫,关系词,分为,关系代词,和,关系副词,.,2.,引导词,:,关系代词,:who,whom,which,that,whose,as,（主宾表）,关系副词,:when,where,why,（状）,(whose,作定语,;whom,作宾语,),人,人,物,人,/,物,定语从句（二）,that,和,which,在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用,that,不用,which,。,(1),先行词为,all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,等不定代词时。,I am sure she has,something,(that),you can borrow,.,(2),先行词被,all,every,no,some,any,little,much,等,修饰时。,Ive read,all,the books,that,are not mine.,(3),先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,This is,the first,book,(that),he has read.,(4),先行词被,the only,the very,the last,修饰时。,This is,the very,book,that,I am looking for.,（,5,）先行词既有人，又有物，引导词只用,that,The school and students,that,he visited,made a deep,impression(,印象,)on him.,(6)Who/Which/What.,之后引导词用,that,不用,who,或,which,Who is the lady,that,is talking to our teacher?,Which is the book,that,you want to read?,All _ he learned from the teachers is valuable.,You can find all the information _ you need on the Internet.,He told me everything _ he heard at the meeting.,Sydney is the first place _ I visited in Australia.,This is the most amusing(,惊讶的,)story _ I have read.,The only information _ I got is his address.,This is the very moment _ can decide your future.,Ill never forget the beautiful village and the kind villagers _ I visited the summer holiday.,Who is the man _is standing by the window?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,1.,非限制性定语从句,He came late again,which,made me angry.,2.,关系词前有介词,This is the room,in which,Chairman once lived.,3.,一个句子中含有两个定从，一个关系代词用,that,另一个用,which,Let me show you the book,that,I borrowed from the library,which,was newly open to us.,定语从句（三）,只用,which,不用,that,1.,先行词,one,ones,anyone,指代人,The person I want to learn from is one,who,studies hard.,2.There be,There is a gentleman,who,wants to see you,3.,先行词在被分割的定语从句中,I met a foreigner in the park yesterday,who,can speak Chinese well,4.,一个句子中两个定从，一个用,that,另一个,who,The man,that,was praised at the meeting is the monitor,who,is very modest.,定语从句（四）,修饰人只用,who,不用,that,定语从句（五）,引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的单复数与所修饰的先行词保持一致。,This is the girl who _(,practise,)the piano every day.,He has a daughter who _(be)very pretty.,He had two daughters who _(be)beautiful.,practises,is,were,1.One of,结构中：,Tom is one of the boys who,were,late.,Tom is the(only/the only)of the boys who,was,late.,2.I,who _ fond of music,decide to major in music at collegeam,定语从句（六）,引导词在从句中做宾语，可以省略。,Your friend(_ studies in Beijing University)came to see you yesterday.,He is the man(_you have been waiting for.),The necklace(_ Mary borrowed from her friend)was made of glass.,The book(that I borrowed it from the library)is well written.,The watch I gave it to her works well.,who/that,who/that/whom/,which/that/,/,/,定语从句（七）,关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，,可以把从句中介词提前，放在先行词与关系代词之间，当介词提前，关系代词代指人,仅,用,whom,，,代指物,仅,用,which,The man _you talked,to,is a famous actor.,The man,to,_you talked is a famous actor.,The book _I heard,about,was written ten years ago.,The book,about,_I heard was written ten years ago.,whom/who/that/-,whom,which/that/-,which,1.Do you know the student _?,A.whom,I often talk,B.with,who I often talk,C.I often talk with,D.that,I often talk,2.Can you tell me the,book_the,other day?,A.you,talked about,B.about,that you talked,C.that,you talked,D.which,you talked,C,A,定语从句（八）,当先行词为时间、地点名词，且从句中缺少时间、地点状语，用关系副词,when,where,引导从句。,当先行词为,reason,且从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副词,why,引导从句,I still remember the day _,I first came to,Ji,xi.,when,Ill never forget the time _,we worked on the farm,.,when,This is the house _,we lived last year.,where,The factory _,his father works,is in the west of the city.,where,This was the,reason_,I,was late.,why,Tell the difference between them.,This is the factory(_ makes shoes.),This is the factory(_ his father works.),This is the factory(_ we visited yesterday.),The day(_ I will never forget)is January 30th.,I can not forget the day(_ I joined the party).,#,Please tell me the reason(_you are late.),He has told me the reason(_ can explain his absence(,缺席,)from the meeting.),The reason(_he told us)was not true.,#,which/that,where,which/that/-,which/that/-,when,why,which/that,which/that/-,定语从句（九）,1.,关系副词,when,和,where,引导的定语从句中，,when,和,where,可以用介词,+which,来代替，介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定。,He will remember the years _he studied at college.,when,/in which,This is the farm _my father used to work.,where,/on which,2.,关系副词,why,引导的定语从句中,why,可以用,for+which,来代替,Do you know the reason,why,/for which,he was late?,1.Is this the,hospital_he,worked ten years ago?,A.that,B.which,C.in,which,D.in,where,2.His uncle works in a,factory_bicycles,are made.,A that,B.which,C.where,D.in,that,3.The Second World War _millions of people were killed ended in 1945.,A during which,B.in,that,C.where,D.on,which,C,C,A,定语从句（十）,whose,引导的定语从句,形式为,:whose+,名词,表示所属关系,即 某人的,.,或某物的,.,如,.Do you know the boy,whose,father,is a scientist?,.There are many trees,whose leaves,have fallen because of disease.,.The girl,whose dress,is red is my sister.,表示所属关系时,介词用,of,关系代词为,which/whom,即,the+,名词,+of+which/whom,可转换为,whose+,名词,.,He lives in a room,the window,of which,faces west.,He lives in a room,of which,the window faces west.,.,whose window,faces west.,The child was saved by a man,the name,of whom,was not known.,The child was saved by a man,of whom,the name was not known.,.,whose name,was not known.,定语从句（十一）,as,引导的定语从句,as,引导定语从句通常用在一些固定的句型中,如,:,the same.as.,such.as.,as we expected,as we all know,as he realized,as is necessary,as is often the case,as we all can see,as is mentioned,等,.,1.This is,the same,watch,as,I lost.,2.Dont read,such,books,as,are not useful.,3.As we expected,he didnt come.,1.As we all know,the earth is round.,2.As is mentioned above,smoking is bad for our health3.You have made,the same,mistake,as,you made last time.,4.As is known to everyone,the moon travels round the earth every month.,5.As is often the case,he wins the first in the examination.,The policeman _ reported the accident thinks it was Toms fault.,The man _ I saw told me to come back today.,The friend with _ I was traveling could speak French.,The film is about a man _ wife is a film star,This is the picture _ made me think of my childhood.,The house _ windows face the south belongs to the Johns.,They are talking about the things and persons _ they saw on the island.,My hometown is not such a place _ it used to be ten years ago.,The boy _ I thought was honest is actually a liar.(,说谎者）,who/that,who/that/whom/-,whom,whose,which/that,whose,that,as,who/that,定语从句（十二）,介词,+,关系代词,(,介词的选择,),用于这种情况的关系代词一般为,which(,指物,),和,whom(,指人,),1.,根据从句中,动词短语,来确定,.,This is the car,for which,you paid a high price.(pay for),The man,with whom,you shook hands just now is Tom.,(shake hands with,sb,),2.,根据,先行词,确定,.when,where,why=,介词关系代词。,.Ill never forget the day,on which,（,=when,）,I joined the army.,.The factory,in which,（,=where,）,his father works,is far away from my hometown.,.I dont know the reason,for which,（,why,）,he was late for school.,.This is the camera,with which,he often takes photos.,3.,表示所属关系时,介词用,of,即,the+,名词,+of+which/whom,=whose+,名词,.,He lives in a room,the window,of which,faces west.,He lives in a room,of which,the window faces west.,.,whose window,faces west.,The child was saved by a man,the name,of whom,was not known.,The child was saved by a man,of whom,the name was not known.,.,whose name,was not known.,4.,表示整体中的一部分或,中最,的，介词一般也用,of,。,both/all/some/,分数,/,名词,+of+,whom/which,The Greens have,two daughters,both,of whom,are college students.,China has many rivers,the longest,of which,is the Yangtze River.,$,5.,据句子的意思确定介词,。,This is the pilot(,飞行员,),for whom,I bought a camera,.,This is the pilot,with whom,my brother has worked for ten years.,This is the pilot,by whom,my son was saved,Peter _ I played tennis on Sundays was fatter than I.,His house _ he paid$10,000 ten years ago is now worth$30,000.,I lost my glasses _ I could see nothing.,There is a big tree _ some people are sitting and chatting.,They collected much money _ they could help the disabled.,Yesterday we visited the Century Park _ there are many pigeons.,You can get off at the next stop _ you can change for the No.10 bus.,There is the plane _ I came to Shanghai.,with whom,for which,without which,under which,with which,in which,at which,on which,1.He built a,telescope_he,could study the sky.,A in which,B.with,that,C.through,which,D.by,it,2.I have two,pens,_writes,well.,A.None,of which,B.neither,of which,C.none,of them,D.neither,of them,3.That tree,the branches(,树枝,),are almost bare(,秃的,),，,is very old.,A.whose,B.of,which,C.in,which,D.on,which,4.The train _he was,trvelling,was 10 minutes late.,A.which,B.on,which,C.for,which,D.on,that,5.This is the film_ I am interested.,A.in which B at which C.in that D.on which,C,B,B,B,A,1.He built a,telescope_he,could study the sky.,A in which,B.with,that,C.through,which,D.by,it,2.I have two,pens,_writes,well.,A.None,of which,B.neither,of which,C.none,of them,D.neither,of them,3.That tree,the branches(,树枝,),are almost bare(,秃的,),，,is very old.,A.whose,B.of,which,C.in,which,D.on,which,4.The train _he was,trvelling,was 10 minutes late.,A.which,B.on,which,C.for,which,D.on,that,5.This is the film_ I am interested.,A.in which B at which C.in that D.on which,C,B,B,B,A,1.,The Greens have,two daughters,both,of whom,are college students.,2.,The Greens have,two daughters,and,both,of _,are college students.,3.,The Greens have,two daughters.,Both,of _,are college,%,.,them,them,定语从句（十三）,限,制性定语从句与,非,限制性定语从句的区别,1,从形式上来说，,非,与主句之间有,逗号,分开。,2,从引导词来看，,非,修饰人和物均,不能用,that,3,从与主句的关系来看，,非,是先行词的附加说明，如省略，主句意思不受影响，,限,与先行词的关系密切，是先行词不可缺少的成分，不能省，去掉，影响全句的意思。,The school,whichis far from your home,is a good one.,Here is a book,which tells about the Chinese.,He arrived half an hour late,which,made us unhappy.,代指,school,代指整个句子,Professor Wang,_invented the machine,is coming to visit our city.,Charles works in a chemical plant(,工厂,),where,he holds an important position.(,职位),The plant,where my brother works,is very big.,He has a,son who is a doctor,.,He has a son,who is a doctor.,who,（一个或多个儿子）,定语从句应注意问题（,4,）,但,含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词后面，不提前。,1.,This is the watch,which,he was,looking for.,This is the watch,for which,he was looking,.,2.,The babies whom the nurses are looking after,are healthy.,The babies after whom the nurses are looking,are healthy.,3.The village that she lives in is two miles.,The village in that she lives is two miles.,The village in which she lives is two miles.,