高中英语第2轮复习 专题1 第9课时 非谓语动词与with复合结构课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单项填空,第,9,课时,非谓语动词与,with,复合结构,一,1,体验高考,1.Lydia doesnt feel like _ abroad.Her parents are old.(2011,四川卷,),A.study B.studying,C.studied D.to study,2,B,feel like doing“,想要,/,喜欢做某事”，故选,B,项。句意为：,Lydia,不想出国留学，她的父母年龄太大了。,思路点拨,体验高考,3,2.Simon made a big bamboo box _ the little sick bird till it could fly.(2011,四川卷,),A.keep B.kept,C.keeping D.to keep,体验高考,4,D,此处为不定式作目的状语。句意：,Simon,做了个大竹箱来放那只受伤的小鸟，直到它能飞。,思路点拨,体验高考,5,3._ an important role in a new movie,Andy has got a chance to become famous.(2011,四川卷,),A.Offer B.Offering,COffered D.To offer,体验高考,6,C,offer,与逻辑主语,Andy,之间是被动关系，故用过去分词，作状语。句意：,Andy,获得了一部新电影里一个重要的角色，所以他有机会成名。,思路点拨,体验高考,7,4.More TV programs,according to government officials,will be produced _ peoples concern over food safety.(2011,重庆卷,),A.to raise B.raising,C.to have raised D.having raised,体验高考,8,A,考查非谓语动词句意为“为了唤起人们对食品安全的关注，将有更多的电视节目录制。”此处用不定式作目的状语。,思路点拨,体验高考,9,高考指南,_ around the fire,the tourists danced with the local people.(2011,辽宁卷,),A.Gather B.To gather,C.Gathering D.To be gathering,非谓语动词,【,考点,1,】,非谓语动词的逻辑主语,10,C,句子主语是,the tourists,gather,和,tourists,存有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用现在分词作状语。,解析,高考指南,11,高考指南,1.Its,adj.,for/of,sb,.to do,sth,.,句型中的不定式的逻辑主语为“,sb,.”,。,2.,非谓语动词作状语时，他们的逻辑主语一般就是句子的主语。当非谓语动词的动作由句子主语发出时，非谓语动词用主动形式；当非谓语动词的动作是句子主语所承受的时，用过去分词或不定式、动词的,ing,形式的被动形式。,12,高考指南,3.,代词主格或名词的普通格 非谓语动词构成独立主格结构。非谓语动词逻辑主语为代词或名词。,13,【,考点,2,】,独立成分作状语,_ you the truth,I feel like _ to bed now.,A.Telling;going B.To tell;going,C.Telling;to go D.To tell;to go,高考指南,14,B,to tell you the truth,作独立成分；,like,是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语。,解析,高考指南,15,高考指南,在英语中，少数的,to do,短语，,doing,短语和,done,短语已经当作插入语使用，此时，句子的主语在逻辑上与它们不存在主动或被动关系。,16,(1)to tell you the truth,说实话,needless to say,不用说,to be honest/frank,老实说，坦白说,to be more exact,更确切地说,to make things worse,更糟的是,say that,假设,高考指南,17,(2)generally/frankly/roughly speaking,一般说来,/,坦白说,/,粗略地说,considering,鉴于,/,考虑到,judging by/from,从,来看，依据,来判断,supposing/suppose that,假定,providing that,假定,according to,依据,including,包括,owing to,由于,talking/speaking of,谈及,高考指南,18,(3)given,考虑到,provided that,如果,高考指南,19,【,考点,3,】,非谓语动词的时态,Claire had her luggage _ an hour before her plane left.(2011,陕西卷,),A.check B.checking,C.to check D.checked,高考指南,20,D,Claire,在飞机离开之前的一小时让人把行李检查了。,have,sth,.done,请某人做某事。,解析,高考指南,21,The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house.(2011,全国新课标卷,),A.rose B.rising,C.to rise D.risen,高考指南,22B,句意：他接下来看见的事是房子后面正冒着烟。现在分词,rising,表动作在进行，和修饰词,smoke,间有主谓关系。,rising from behind the house,现在分词短语作后置定语。,解析,高考指南,23,高考指南,动词不定式一般表示在谓语动作之后的事情，要表示发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前的事情，须用不定式的完成式；动词的,ing,形式一般表示与谓语动词动作同时进行的动作，若要表示发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前的事情，须用动词的,ing,形式的完成式。,24,【,考点,4,】,非谓语动词的句法功能,1.,作主语、表语：,动名词表示一般性、经常性的动作。不定式表示一次性的动作。动名词、不定式作主语常用,it,作其形式主语，但,no use,no good,作表语时，真正主语常用动名词。,高考指南,25,2.,作宾语：,(1),有些动词只跟动名词作宾语,常用的这类动词有：,mind,finish,enjoy,excuse,imagine,keep,practice,suggest,miss,consider,prevent,appreciate,advise,avoid,allow,admit,delay,escape,permit,forbid,等。,高考指南,26,(2),有些动词只跟不定式作宾语,常用的这类动词有：,want,wish,hope,expect,agree,decide,learn,pretend,ask,promise,plan,refuse,beg,demand,manage,offer,prepare,claim,struggle,等。,高考指南,27,(3)remember,forget,regret,后接动名词和不定式的区别：后接动名词表示先于谓语动词的动作；后接不定式表示后于谓语动词的动作。,高考指南,28,(4)want,need,require,和,deserve,后接动名词和不定式的用法：当它们后面所接的动词与句子的主语是动宾关系时，用动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式。,(5),在,try,stop,mean,go on,cant help,后，用动名词和不定式所表达的含义不同，要注意：,cant help doing sth.,情不自禁做某事；,cant help(to)do sth.,不能帮助做某事,高考指南,29,3.,作宾语补足语：,Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ of his own dreams.(2011,重庆卷,),A.reminding B.to remind,C.reminded D.remind,高考指南,30,C,keep oneself reminded of his own dreams,。过去分词,reminded,作宾补。,解析,高考指南,31,Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words.(2011,浙江卷,),A.lose B.lost,C.to lose D.having lost,高考指南,32,B,可以从,lost for words(,欲言又止；迷失语言,),这一习语来理解。此题易误选,C,，考生可能会将,find sb.to do,跟,find oneself(to be)done,混淆。根据句意可知谓语动词是,find“,发现”，“即使最好的作家有时也会发现自己,作宾补的四个选项围绕,lose,变化。动词,lose,的基本含义是“丢失”，引申义是“使,沉溺于”,(,使动用法容易被考生忽略,),，跟逻辑主语,themselves,的关系是被动。,解析,高考指南,33,高考指南,熟悉并掌握哪些动词或短语如,advise,allow,like,wish,want,help,等须接不定式作宾语补足语；哪些动词或短语如,find,suggest,lead to,等可接动词的,ing,形式作宾语补足语；哪些动词或短语如,feel,see,watch,hear,have,等既可接动词的,ing,形式又可接过去分词作宾语补足语；何时用主动形式作宾语补足语，何时用被动形式或过去分词作宾语补足语，一般由非谓语动词与宾语的关系确定。,34,4.,作定语：,On receiving a phone call from his wife _ she had a fall,Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.(2011,江西卷,),A.says B.said,C.saying D.to say,高考指南,35,C,saying,作后置定语修饰,a phone call from his wife“,来自他妻子的一个电话说”。,解析,高考指南,36,Tsinghua University,_ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.(2011,福建卷,),A.found B.founding,C.founded D.to be founded,高考指南,37,C,清华大学成立于,1911,年。过去分词,founded,作非限制性定语修饰,Tsinghua University(,清华大学,),。,解析,高考指南,38,高考指南,(1),注意非谓语动词的形式，不定式作定语一般用主动式，只有当不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语或宾语时，才用被动式；现在分词作定语表示主动意义，动作正在进行；过去分词一般表示被动、完成含义。,39,高考指南,(2),非谓语动词的位置：非谓语动词短语作定语时，都要放在所修饰的词之后；单个的动词的,ing,形式或过去分词作定语时，一般放在所修饰的词之前。,不及物动词的不定式作定语，与修饰的名词构成动宾关系时，不及物动词后面的介词不能丢。,40,5.,不定式与现在分词作结果状语的区别：,不定式、现在分词都能表示结果，其区别是：不定式一般表示出乎意料的结果，不定式前常用,only,修饰；而动词的,ing,形式表示自然或必然的结果。,高考指南,41,More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.(2011,陕西卷,),A.making B.made,C.to make D.having made,高考指南,42,A,句意：在中国更多的公路已被修建，这样使得人们从一个地方旅游到另一个地方更为容易。,making,分词短语表意料之中的结果。若是,only to make,则表示意料之外的结果。,解析,高考指南,43,【,考点,5,】,不定式,to,的省略,1.,动词,see,watch,hear,feel,notice,observe,look at,listen to,let,have,make,接不定式作宾补时，不定式的,to,须省略，但句子变为被动语态时，不定式的,to,不能省略。,2.why,would rather,had better,may as well,cannot(help/choose)but,等后须跟省,to,的不定式。,高考指南,44,3.,介词,but,except,等前若有行为动词,do,其后常用省,to,的不定式作宾语；若没有行为动词,do,则用带,to,的不定式。,4.,不定式作表语时，若主语中有行为动词,do,的某一形式时，不定式的,to,可有可无。,高考指南,45,高考指南,It was a pity that the famous painter died _ his painting unfinished.,A.of B.from,C.out D.with,With,复合结构,46,D,本题考查,with,复合结构充当状语的用法，不是词组,die of,，,die from,和,die out,。,解析,高考指南,47,With his mother _ him,he is getting on well with his work.,A.help B.to help,C.helping D.helped,高考指南,48,C,这是,with,的复合结构，,his mother,与,help,是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以排除,D,如选,B,则有将来的意思，显然不合语境，选,C,表示“他妈一直在帮他”，正合句意。,解析,高考指南,49,高考指南,with,复合结构在句中一般作状语和定语，常见形式有：,1,“,with,名词,/,代词介词短语”。,The man was walking on the street,with a book under his arm.,2.“with,名词,/,代词形容词”。,He likes to sleep with the door open.,50,高考指南,3.“with,名词,/,代词副词”。,The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on.,4.“with名词,/,代词名词”。,He left home,with his wife a hopeless soul.,5.“with,名词,/,代词,done”,。在此结构中，过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。,With the problem solved,he went out to play.,51,高考指南,6.“with,名词,/,代词,ing,分词”。此结构强调名词是,ing,分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。,He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him.,7.“with,宾语,to do”,。此结构中，不定式和宾语是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作。,With nothing to do,Ill go out for a walk in the park.,52,