高中英语总复习 Unit4 Astronomy： the science of the stars课件 新人教版必修3 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Unit4,Astronomy,：,the science of the stars,根据语境猜词义,(1)Fruit juices can,be,_,harmful,_,to,childrens teeth.,(2)Many households products are potentially,harmful,.,1,、,harmful adj.,根据语义找匹配：,A.,有害的,B.,危害,(1)A,(2)B,1,、,harmful adj.,harm n.,伤害；损害,vt,.,伤害,；损害,harmless adj.,无害的；无恶意的,链接,do sb.harm,do harm to sb.,对某人有害,be harmful to,对,有害,短语,It does no harm to do,sth,./There is no harm(in)doing,sth,.,不妨做某事,It wouldnt do sb.any harm to do,sth,.,做某事对某人并无害处,No harm done!(,对别人做错事的一种劝慰,),没事儿！不要紧！,句型,1,、,harmful adj.,单词拼写,(1)Your smoking may be,harmful,(,有害,)to the health of your baby.,(2)The storm has done great,harm,(,有害,)to the crops.,(3)The dog seems fierce,but actually hes,harmless,.,1,、,harmful adj.,2,、,prevent v.,根据语境猜词义,(1)The heavy rain,prevented,us(from)going to school.,(2)They have been,prevented,by the traffic jam from going there on time.,根据语义找匹配：,A.,阻碍,B.,阻止,(1)B,(2)A,2,、,prevent v.,“,阻止某人做某事”的几种表达式：,ban sb.from doing,sth,.stop sb.(from)doing,sth,.,keep sb.from doing,sth,.,链接,单项填空,(,)(1)We must take firm and efficient measures to prevent pollution _our life even better.,A.to make B.making,C.make D.against making,2,、,prevent v.,A,考查非谓语动词的使用。本题的语义是：为了使我们的生活更加美好，我们必须采取果断而卓有成效的措施阻止污染。根据语境非谓语动词在本句是目的状语，所以答案是,A,。本题极容易造成学生们的思维定势而误选,B,。,2,、,prevent v.,(,)(2)Well spare no effort to prevent the river _.,A.from polluting B.polluting,C.being polluted D.polluted,2,、,prevent v.,C,考查非谓语动词的使用。本题的语义是：我们将不遗余力地阻止河流污染。根据语境河流与污染形成了被动关系，所以答案是,C,。,3,、,develop v.,根据语境猜词义,(1)We should,develop,the habit of reading,because reading can develop the mind.,(2)Shanghai has,developed,into a commercial center of our country.,(3)We must,develop,many more new products in order to satisfy the demands of market.,根据语义找匹配：,A.,养成,(,习惯,),B.,发展,C.,开发,(1)A,(2)B,(3)C,3,、develop v.,developed adj.,发达的,developing adj.,发展中的,development n.,发展,链接,用,develop,的正确形式填空,With the,development,of science and technology,some,developing,countries have developed into,developed,ones.,3,、,develop v.,4,、,puzzle n,&v.,根据语境猜词义,(1)Its a,puzzle,to me why he hasnt come for my birthday party.,(2)Can you help me out with the math,puzzle?,(3)Her word,puzzled,him.,(4)I was,puzzled,how to handle the situation.,根据语义找匹配：,A.,使,迷惑不解,B.,谜,C.,难题,D.,使,为难,(1)B,(2)C,(3)A,(4)D,4,、,puzzle n,&v.,puzzling adj.,令人困惑的；使人感到困惑的,puzzled adj.,困惑的；感到困惑的,puzzlement n.,困惑，迷惑,be in a puzzle about,对,大惑不解,work out a puzzle,猜谜；解决难题,puzzle over,对,冥思苦想,puzzle out(,苦苦思索而,),搞清楚,puzzle ones brain about/over,对,而大伤脑筋,链接,4,、,puzzle n,&v.,用,puzzle,的正确形式填空,The(1),puzzling,boy(2),puzzled,his mother,so there was a(3),puzzled,expression on her face.Much to(4),puzzlement,of his mother,he left home without saying a word.,4puzzle n,&v.,5,、,gentle adj.,根据语境猜词义,(1)Mothers are always,gentle,with their children.,(2)Its very comfortable to let the,gentle,wind blow on your face.,根据语义找匹配,A.,轻轻的，轻柔的,B.,温柔的，文雅的,(1)B,(2)A,5,、,gentle adj.,gentlelooking adj.,看起来彬彬有礼的、看起来很绅士的,gentleman n.,绅士，先生,gently adv.,温柔地，轻柔地，轻轻地,gentleness n.,温柔，和善,链接,be gentle with sb.,对某人体贴入微，对某人温柔有加,gentle in voice/action,声音温柔，举止文雅,have a gentle manner of doing sth.,做某事风度高雅,短语,5,、,gentle adj.,gentle/mild/soft,gentle,用于人时，指温柔文雅的举止，出于自我约束或对他人的体贴。指物时，强调物体运动的轻缓。,mild,指出于本性性格温柔，脾气好，强调自己“态度安详，不粗野”。,He has too mild a nature to lose his temper.,soft,指人心肠柔软，言语婉转。,I am always too soft with you.,辨析,5,、,gentle adj.,单项填空,(,)(1)Strolling at the lake,the _ wind is brushing your face.How romantic!,A.mild B.soft C.gentle D.light,5,、,gentle adj.,C,考查形容词词义辨析。题意是：信步于湖畔，清风轻拂着你的脸。多么富有诗情画意啊！通过语境体现出是物体运动轻缓的语义，所以答案是,C,。,(,)(2)The teacher was too _ with her class,so they were out of control.,A.mild B.soft C.gentle D.light,5,、,gentle adj.,B,考查形容词词义辨析。题意是：老师对学生们心太软了，他们都不听她的。语境体现出的是人的心肠柔软，所以答案是,B,。,6,、,pull n,&v.,根据语境猜词义,(1)To escape the,pull,of the earth,a rocket must reach a speed of 28,440 km/h.,(2)He,pulled,the door open and rushed out.,根据语义找匹配：,A.,拉,B.,吸引力,(1)B,(2)A,6,、,pull n,&v.,pull down,拆除；,(,把身体,),拖垮,pull off(,匆忙地,),脱下,(,衣物,);(,成功地,),完成,pull on(,匆忙地,),穿上,pull out,拔出；驶出；摆脱,(,困难,),pull in,进站；靠岸,pull away,驶离；开走,pull together,通力合作；整顿；控制,(,感情,),pull through,恢复健康；渡过难关,短语,6,、,pull n,&v.,pull/draw/drag,pull,一般用法，指各种情况的“拉”，但有时强调一时或突然拉的动作。,I pulled the handle and the door opened.,draw,指平稳、较轻地拉。,After some time,the fisherman began to draw the net.,drag,往往指用大力气拖拉笨重物体，有“拖拉”的意思。,He dragged a heavy box upstairs alone.,辨析,6,、,pull n,&v.,C,考查动词短语辨析。语义是：班车驶进车站，乘客一个个地下来了。,drive away,开走；,push in,是不存在的短语；,rush in,冲进，不合题意，所以答案是,C,。,单项填空,(,)(1)The bus _ the bus station and the passengers got off one after another.,A.drove away B.pushed in,C.pulled in D.rushed in,6,、,pull n,&v.,D,考查动词短语辨析。语义是：勇士匆忙脱下衣服跳进河里救那落水儿童。,pull on,匆忙穿上；,put off,推迟；,take off,脱下，在语境中不是最佳答案；,pull off,匆忙脱下，所以答案是,D,。,(,)(2)The brave man _ his clothes and jumped into the river to save the drowning boy.,A.pulled on B.put off,C.took off D.pulled off,6,、,pull n,&v.,7,、,cheer up,根据语境猜词义,(1)Its said that thousands packed the city center to,cheer,her.,(2)Everybody,cheered,when the medical team arrived.,(3)When the rescuers appeared,cheers,ran out of the waiting crowd.,根据语义找匹配,A.,为,喝彩,B.,欢呼,C.欢呼声；喝彩声,(1)A,(2)B,(3)C,7,、,cheer up,Cheers!,干杯！,cheerful adj.,兴高采烈的；精神振奋的,链接,cheer up(,使,),高兴起来；,(,使,),振作起来,cheer on,为,鼓气；向,喝彩,短语,8,、,break out,根据语境感悟其用法,(1)Last year EV71 virus,broke,_,out,in many parts of China.,(2)Last night a fire,broke,_,out,in his house.,根据语境,break out,意思是：,_,_,。,8,、,break out,(,战争、火灾、疫病,),发生、爆发,注意,：“发生”在英汉表达形式上有不同。,汉语“发生”后接宾语，但英语不可以，它要把汉语中的宾语放在主语位置上，且不能用被动语态。,单项填空,(,)(1)To understand the grammar of the sentence,you must break it _ into parts.,A.down B.up C.off D.out,8,、,break out,A,考查动副词的搭配。题意是：要想理解这句话的语法，你必须把它划分开。所以答案是,A,。,(,)(2)News reports say peace talks between the two countries _ with no agreement reached.,A.have broken down B.have broken out,C.have broken in D.have broken up,8,、,break out,A,题意是：据新闻报道，两国和谈由于没有达成一致意见而破裂。所以答案是,A,。,9,、,come on,根据语境猜词义,(1),Come,_,on!,well be late.,(2),Come,_,on,_guys!You can do it.,(3),Come,_,on!,Our future is bright.We will be successful.,(4)Oh!,come,_,on,_dont lie to me.,(5),Come,_,on!,Baby.,根据语义找匹配,A.,用于表示催促，相当于,Hurry up!,赶快！抓紧！抓紧时间！,B.,表示对对方的鼓励。加油！加把劲！,C.,表示对对方的劝慰。高兴点儿！乐观点儿！,D.,用于对对方的挑衅。来呀！来吧！,E.,表示对对方所说的早有耳闻。算了吧！得了吧！别逗了！,(1)A,(2)B,(3)C,(4)E,(5)D,9,、,come on,come about,发生，产生,come along(,表示催促,),快点！一道去，进展,come back to life,苏醒，复活,come down,下来，降价,come out,出现，结果，出版,(,出版之物在主语位置上，不能用被动语态,),come over,过来，短暂造访，顺便来访，从,(,远道,),而来,短语,9,、,come on,come around,再度出现、改变,(,观点、心态,),come to,来到，总计，结果是,come up,上来，上升，提出,(,宾语在主语位置上，不能用被动语态,),come up with,提出,(,直接接宾语,),，想出，赶上,come into being,出现，产生，形成,come for,来取，为,而来,短语,9,、,come on,单项填空,(,)(1)Its already 10 oclock,I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.,A.came over B.came out,C.came about D.came up,9,、,come on,C,考查,come,有关短语的语义辨析。语义是：已经,10,点了。我纳闷这么短的一段路他迟到两个小时是怎么回事。依据语境语义说明这一局面的产生。,come over,过来，短暂造访，顺便来访，从,(,远道,),而来；,come out,出现，结果，出版；,come about,发生，产生；,come up,上来，上升，提出，所以答案是,C,。,9,、,come on,(,)(2)I am dead tired.I cant walk any further,Jenny.,_,，,Tommy.You can do it!,A.No problem B.No hurry,C.Come on D.Thats OK,9,、,come on,C,考查交际英语的使用。语义是：,我都累死了。詹妮，我一步都不能走了。,加把劲吧，汤米，你一定能行的！表示鼓励。,No problem,是对别人请求你做某事的应允；,No hurry,汉语式的表达；,Come on,表示鼓励；,Thats OK.,对道歉的回应，所以答案是,C,。,9,、,come on,(,)(3)The dictionary is being printed and it will soon_.,A.turn out B.come out,C.start out D.go out,9,、,come on,B,考查动词短语语义的辨析。语义是：这本词典正在付印中且不久就要出版了。,turn out,虽然有“出版”的意思，但在这里要用被动语态；,come out,表示“出版”，在这里不用被动语态；,start out,动身，出发；,go out,出去，所以答案是,B,。,9,、,come on,10,、,What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago,when,the dust settled into a solid globe.,(P25),随后它将变成什么样子无人知晓，直到,38,到,45,亿年之间它才形成了一个固体的球体。,when,在这个句子中是并列连词引导并列句。,when,引导并列句不能放在句首，它所体现出的语义是：“就在这时；就在那时；此时此刻；届时”。一般它有两个极具有代表性的句式：,(1)be doing sth.when,表示“正在做某事就在这个时候发生了另外的一件事”。,(2)be about to do sth.when,表示“正要做某事就在这个时候发生了另外一件事”。,I was about to leave when the phone rang.,我正要出去就在这个时候电话响了。,I was walking in the street when I heard my name called from behind.,我正在街上散步就在这时我听到有人在背后叫我的名字。,Professor Wang will come for a visit to our school in May when he will give away his works to our library.,王教授将在,5,月份访问我校，届时他会把他的著作捐赠给我校。,when,除了引导时间状语从句外，它还能引导哪些状语从句呢？,(1)How can he learn anything,when,he has spent all of his spare time surfing the Internet playing computer games?,(2)They kept digging,when,they must have known there was no hope.,(1),引导原因状语从句，表示“既然”。既然他把所有的业余时间都用在上网玩游戏上了，他又怎能学到什么呢？2),引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。他们明明知道没任何希望，但他们还是不停地挖。,11,、,Although its origin may still be a puzzle,the moon can,never,be anything,more,_,than,a satellite of the earth.,(,P28,),尽管月球的起源扑朔迷离，但它只不过就是地球的一颗卫星。,neveranything more than,no more than,only,只是，只不过,The building can never be anything more than a big house.,这个建筑物充其量就是一座大房子。,He is much of a talker,but,as a matter of fact,he is never anything more than an unknown person.,他侃侃而谈，但实际上他就是一个无名之辈。,more than/no more than/not more than,more than,(1)more than,数词,over,数词“多于”；,(2)more than,形容词“十分地,”,；,(3)more than,名词“不只是,”,(4)more than,句子“超出了,的范围”；“是某人不能做的”,Well done!I am more than pleased with you.,I love you more than I can say.,辨析,no more than,(1)no more than,数词,only“,仅仅,”,(2)no more than,名词“就是,”,、“只是,”,We need no more than two persons to do the job.,The leaders of our Party is no more than servants for the people.,辨析,not more than,not more than,数词“不多于,不超过,”,Its not more than a mile to the downtown.You can go there on foot.,辨析,(,)1.(2007,福建,),Do you need any help,Lucy?,Yes.The job is _ I could do myself.,A.less than B.more than,C.no more than D.not more than,B,本题考查的是形容词短语的理解区别问题。语义是：,露西，你有什么需要帮忙的吗？,需要。这项工作不是我一个人就能做好的。,less than,少于；,more than,超出；,no more than,仅仅；,not more than,不多于，依据语境语义，答案是,B,。,Although its origin may still be a puzzle,the moon can never be anything,more,_,than,a satellite of the earth.(P28),