高考英语 英语语法系列之倒装句课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,(,高考复习专题,),The,Inversion,Inversion,英语的基本句型是主语,+,谓语。,如果将主语与谓语调换,称倒装句。,倒装句分完全倒装和部分倒装。,Inversion,(,倒装句,),英语,倒装句,分为两种：,、整个谓语在前的句子，叫完全倒装。,There is a table in the room.,、部分谓语（情态动词、主动词、连系,动词）在前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之,后的句子，叫部分倒装句。,Why did you do it like that?,谓语,+,主语,助动词,/,情态动词,完全倒装,部分倒装,+,主语,+,v,.,In came the headmaster.,Have you known the news?,Can you speak English?,一、完全倒装,、在,here,there,引导的句子中，谓语是,be,exist,live,lie,等表示状态的不及物动词。,There is nobody in the classroom.,There seems something wrong with my radio.,There happened an event last week.,There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.,2,、在,there,here,引导的句子中,谓语动词,用,come,go,follow,enter,rush,occur,等。,There goes the bell.,There goes the thief!,Here comes your husband,.,注意：,主语是人称代词时，则不需倒装。,Here he comes.,Here it is.,3,、副词,now,then,thus,引导的句子里，谓语是,come,follow,begin,end,be,等,Now,comes,your turn!,Then,followed,another shot of gun.,Thus,ended,the meeting.,4,、当,in,out,down,up,over,away,off,back,等副词,作状语置于句首时，谓语常用动词有,come,go,rush,等不及物动词,。,Up and up,go,the prices.,Off,went,the horses.,Down,came,the brown waves!,The door opened and,in,came,Mr.,Smith,our headmaster.,但如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。,Back,they,fought.,Up,it,flew.,Out,he,rushed.,、在直接引语全部或部分置于句首时，,引用动词和它的主语（名词）往往要倒,装。,“Youve made great progress this term.”said the teacher.,“Tom”,said his father,”You shouldnt make friends,with such boys!”,注意：,1),主语是代词时，倒装不倒装都可以。,“,Where are you going?”asked he.(He asked.),2),引用动词另有宾语时，即使主语是名词也不倒装。,“,Why didnt you join us!”Our monitor asked us.,6,、谓语是,be,表语提前时，整个句子需倒装。,Happy,is,he who devoted himself to the cause of communism.,So busy,is,the dentist that he has no time to spare.,Such,was,Albert Einstein,a single man of great achievements.,7,、地点状语提前，为了保持句子平衡且谓语是,be,stand,sit,lie,等动词时。,On every piece of paper,was,a picture of a horse.,From a speaker on the wall,comes,the doctors voice.,On the ground,lay,a stick goat.,二、部分倒装,部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词,do,does,或,did,，,并将其置于主语之前。,1.,句首为否定或半否定的词语，如,no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,at no time,in no way,not until,等。,Never have I seen such a performance.,Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.,Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the,room.,当,Not until,引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。,注意：,如否定词不在句首不倒装，例如：,I have never seen such a performance.,The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep.,典型例题,Why cant I smoke here?,At no time _ in the meeting-room.,A.is smoking permitted,B.smoking is permitted,C.smoking is it permitted,D.does smoking permit,答案,A,.,这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括,no,little,hardly,seldom,never,not only,not until,等。本题的正常语序是,Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.,Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is.,A.man did know B.man know,C.didnt man know D.did man know,答案,D,.,看到,Not until,的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在,C,，,D,中选一个。改写为正常语序为，,Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th.,现在将,not,提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。,2,、以否定词开头作部分倒装,如,:Not onlybut also,Hardly/Scarcelywhen,No sooner than,Not only did he refuse the gift,he also severely criticized the sender.,Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.,No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.,典型例题,No sooner _ than it began to rain heavily.,A.the game began,B.has the game begun,C.did the game begin,D.had the game begun,答案,D,.,以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句,(,谓语前置,),。这类表示否定意义的词有,never,seldom,scarcely,little,few,not,hardly,以及,not onlybut(also),no soonerthan,hardly when scarcely when,等等。,注意：,只有当,Not only but also,连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的,Not only but also,仅连接两个并列词语不可用倒装结构。,Not only you but also I am fond of music.,Hardly,had he entered the house when it began to rain.,No sooner,had they entered the house than it began to rain.,Nowhere,could we find the book.,注意：）当上述单词不提前时，则不倒装。,I,seldom,read newspaper before.,He had,hardly,finished his homework when the light went out.,2),当这些词作形容词修饰主语时且置句首时，句子不倒装。,Little,work was done yesterday.,部分倒装,3.,在以,so,nor,neither,开头的句子里。,表示“也”、“也不”的句子要部分倒装，例如：,Tom can speak French.,So can Jack.,If you wont go,neither will I.,A fish can swim and,so can I.,We have had breakfast and,so have they,.,I get up at seven and,so does my brother.,He didnt do it and,neither did I.,The boy cant skate and,nor can the girl,.,He didnt smoke,nor did he drink,.,If you dont want it,neither shall I.,He is not a businessman,neither does he wish to be.,注意：）如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的意思，则不倒装。,“,It is hot today,”So it is.”,“He finished it on time.”So he did.”,）如按照别人的意思做了什么事，,so,也不用倒装。,The teacher asked me to read louder,and I did so.,3),当前面的句子中主语、谓语或肯否定形式不同时，则用,so it is with.,句型来表示。,Tom likes singing,but he doesnt like dancing.So it is with Mary.,Tom is in Class Two,and his classroom is over there.So it is with Mary.,Tom is clever and he studies hard.So it is with with Mary.,3,、,so,neither,nor,作部分倒装,表示“也”、“也不”的句子要部分倒装，例如：,Tom can speak French.So can Jack.,If you dont go,neither will I.,典型例题,-Do you know Jim,quarrelled,with his brother?,-I dont know,_.,A.nor dont I care,B.nor do I care,C.I dont care neither,D.I dont care also,答案,B,。,nor,为增补意思也不关心,，因此句子应倒装。,A.,错在用,dont,再次否定，,C.neither,用法不对且缺乏连词。,D.,缺乏连词。,注意：,当,so,引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为,的确如此,。,Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.,“Its raining hard.”“So it is.”,Summary:,1)He studies English well.,So does she.,2),He studies English well.,So he does.,3),So it is/was (the same)with,He,didn,t study well and failed in the exam.,So it was with me.,b)He studies hard and is a good student.,So it is with Tom.,下列情况不用,so,neither,nor.,而用,so it is with,来表达情况也适用于另一个人,1.,当前面两个句子，一个是肯定，一个是否定时,2.,当一个句子的主语是人，一句子的主语是物时,3.,当两个句子的谓语动词属于不同类型时。,Tom likes singing,but he,doesn,t like dancing.,So it is with Mary,.,He is in Class Two,and his classroom is over there.,So it is with Mary,.,Tom is clever and he studies hard.,So it is with Mary,.,4.,省略了,if,的虚拟条件句,虚拟条件句的谓语动词如果是,were,had,should,时,可省略,if,但其谓语须倒装。,Had you,worked hard at your lessons,you would have passed the exam.,Should hebe interested in this subject,he might work hard at it.,Had I known,the answer I should have told you.,Were it,to snow tomorrow,we would stay at home,.,5,.,neither.nor,连接的两个句子都要倒装；,not onlybut also,连接两个句子时,前句倒装，后句不变。,Neither,has he,called on her,nor,will he,do so.,Not only,shall we,learn from booksbut also we should learn from practice.,Not only,does he,study hard,but also he is good at sports.,6.,only+,状语在句首要倒装的情况,Only then,did I realize the importance of my work.,Only in this way,can you learn English well.,Only after being asked three times,did he come to the meeting.,Only when he is seriously ill,does he ever stay in bed.,如果,only,后跟的不是状语，则句子的主谓不倒装。,Only Tom can answer the difficult question.,Only a scientist knows the meaning of the sign.,7.So/such that,句型中的,so/such,位于句首时，需倒装。,So frightened was he,that he did not dare to move an inch.,Such an interesting film is it,that Id like to see it again.,So fast did the teacher,speak that we,couldn,t follow him.,8.,在某些表示祝愿的句型中：,May,you all be happy.,Long live,the Communist Party!,9.as,though,引导的倒装句,as/though,引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前,（形容词,副词,分词,实义动词提前），例如：,Old as my father is,he keeps up with his English study.,Child as he is,he knows something of electricity.,Tired as he was,he continued to work.,Young as she was,she was already director of a factory.,Try hard as he will,he never seems able to do the,work satisfactorily.,注意：,1),句首名词不能带任何冠词。句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。,2),让步状语从句中，有,though,，,although,as,时，后面的主句不能有,but,，,但是,though,和,yet,可连用。,Good-bye!,