高考英语二轮复习考点突破 Unit2 非谓语动词课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Unit2,非谓语动词,.,经典范文背诵,作文题目,(2010,高考全国卷,),假设你是李华，你的美国笔友,Peter,曾表示希望来中国教书。你校现需招聘外教，请给他写封信，告知,招聘信息。内容主要包括：,1.,教授课程：英语口语、英语写作、今日美国、今日英国等；,2.,授课对象：高中生,(,至少三年英语基础,);,3.,工作量：每周,12,学时，任选三门课；担任学生英语俱乐部或,英语校报顾问,(advisor)Dear Peter,I remember you told me you were interested in teaching in China._,Best,Li Hua,注意：,1.,字数,100,左右；,2.,可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；,3.,开头语已为你写好，请将完整的回信书写在答题卡上。,经典范文：,Dear Peter,，,I remember you told me you were interested in teaching in China.,Our school now is looking for a native speaker to teach some courses to senior high students.If you come,you can choose three of the following four courses:Speaking,Writing,Britain Today and America Today,and teach 12 hours a week.The students who are going to take these courses have at least three years of English learning experiences.Besides teaching,you will also work as an advisor to our students English club or our schools English newspaper.,Please let me know if you are interested and if you have any other questions.Id be more than happy to help.,Best,Li Hua,.,词汇短语储备,adolescent n.(,尤其指,16,岁以下的,),青少年,adj.,青春期的，青春的，青少年的,adore vt.,敬慕，崇拜，钟爱 很喜欢,advocate v.,鼓吹，提倡，拥护,affection n.U,，,C,喜爱，感情，爱慕之情,agency n.C,经销处，代理处,(,政府等的,),专业行政部门,allergic adj.(,医,),过敏的，患过敏症的,allocate vt.,分配，分派，把,拨给,alternative adj.,两者择一的，供选择的 另类的，另一可选用的,n.C,取舍，抉择 供选择的东西，选择的余地,altitude n.C,高度，海拔,常,pl.,高处，高地,amateur n.,C,业余爱好者，业余运动员 外行，粗通某一行的人,adj.,业余爱好的 外行的,ambassador n.C,大使，派驻国际组织的代表，使节,ambiguous adj.,引起歧义的，模棱两可的,anniversary n.C,周年纪念,(,日,),annual adj.,每年的，年度的,n.C,年刊，年报，年鉴 一年生的植,物,apparent adj.,表面上的，貌似,(,真实,),的 显然的，明白的，清晰可,见的,applaud vi.,鼓掌，喝彩，欢呼,vt.,向,鼓掌，向,喝彩 称 赞，赞许,模块,高考体验,品真题,A,组,2010,年,1,(,全国卷,)With Fathers Day around the corner,I have taken,some money out of the bank _ presents for my dad.,A,buy B,to buy,C,buying D,to have bought,解析：,句意：父亲节就要到了，我已经从银行取了些钱出来准,备给爸爸买些礼物。考查非谓语动词作状语。从语境看，本空,在句中作目的状语，用不定式，因此,A,的动词原形、,C,的现在分,词、,D,的不定式完成时都不符合题意。,答案：,B,2,(,全国卷,),Though _ to see us,the professor gave us a,warm welcome.,A,surprise B was surprised,C,surprised D,being surprised,解析：,句意：教授看到我们，虽然很惊讶，但还是热情地欢迎,了我们。考查非谓语动词作状语。,B,项为谓语动词形式，故排,除；分析句子结构可知,though,后面省略了主语和谓语。教授们,感到吃惊应用,surprised,。,答案：,C,3,(,北京卷,),_ at my classmates faces,I read the same,excitement in their eyes.,A,Looking B,Look,C,To look D,Looked,解析：,句意：看着同学们的面孔，我从他们的眼中读出了同样的,兴奋。考查非谓语动词作状语。,look,是谓语动词形式，故排除；,to look,通常表目的，在此不符合题意；,look,与,I,构成逻辑上的主动,关系，,D,项被排除。故选择,A,项。,答案：,A,4,(,四川卷,),A great number of students _ said they were,forced to practise the piano.,A,to question B,to be questioned,C,questioned D,questioning,解析：,句意：许多被询问的学生说他们是被迫练习弹钢琴的。,此题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。,students,与,question,之间是被,动关系，故排除,A,、,D,两项；,B,项表示要被询问，不符合语境；,C,项表示被询问过的，符合句意。,答案：,C,5,(,四川卷,),In many peoples opinion,that company,though,relatively small,is pleasant _.,A,to deal with B,dealing with,C,to be dealt with D,dealt with,解析：,句意：许多人认为那家公司虽然相对比较小，但与之合,作处令人愉快。考查非谓语动词作主语补足语。,“,主语,be,性质形容词动词不定式,”,结构中，主语和不定式构成逻辑上,的动宾关系，不定式需用及物动词形式，如：,The work is very,difficult to do.(do the work),；,This house is very comfortable to,live in.(live in the house),。本题中主语和不定式可构成的动宾关,系为：,deal with the company,，所以,A,项正确。,答案：,A,6,(,安徽卷,),He had a wonderful childhood,_ with his,mother to all corners of the world.,A,Travel B,to travel,C,traveled D,traveling,解析：句意：他有一个快乐的童年，经常和他的母亲周游世,界。考查非谓语动词作伴随状语。因为,travel,和句子主语,he,之,间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除,C,项。,A,项属于谓语动词，可,直接排除；而,B,常作目的状语或表示事与愿违的结果，不合本,题要求，故也被排除；只有,D,项符合本题要求，故为答案。,答案：,D,7,(,江西卷,),There were many talented actors out there just waiting,_.,A,to discover B,to be discovered,C,discovered D,being discovered,解析：,句意：很多有天赋的演员在那里，就是为了等着被人发,现。,discover,与,many talented actors,之间是动宾关系，且强调将,来，故用不定式的被动语态。,答案,：,B,8,(,湖南卷,),Listen!,Do you hear someone _ for help?,A,calling B,call C,to call D,called,解析：,句意：听！你听到有人正在求救吗？考查非谓语动词作宾,补。设空处与宾语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除,D,项；不定,式作感官动词或使役动词的宾补要省去,to,且不表示动作正在进,行，故排除,C,项；因为表示动作正在进行，故排除,B,项；现在分,词,calling,表主动且表正在进行，故为答案。,答案：,A,9,(,湖南卷,),Dina,_ for months to find a job as a waitress,finally took a position at a local advertising agency.,A,struggling B,struggled,C,having struggled D,to struggle,解析：,句意：几个月以来，,Dina,一直努力想找一份女服务员的,工作，最终她在当地一家广告代理处谋到了一个职位。考查非,谓语动词作状语。设空处与句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，故,排除,B,项；不定式作状语一般表示目的，故排除,D,项；,C,项相当,于：,Dina had struggled for months to find a job as a waitress.,而,A,项相当于：,Dina was struggling for months to find a job as a,waitress.,根据句意可知，,C,项更符合要求，故为答案。,答案：,C,10,(,福建卷,),In April,thousands of holidaymakers remained,_ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.,A,sticking B,stuckC,to be stuck D,to have stuck,解析：,句意：四月，成千上万的度假者由于受到火山灰的影响，,滞留国外。考查非谓语动词作表语。主语,holidaymakers,与,stick,间为被动关系，排除,A,、,D,两项；,remain,过去分词，表示状,态；,remain,to be done,表示将来。综上所述，答案为,B,项。,答案：,B,11,(,浙江卷,),The traffic rule says young children under the age of four,and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.,A,being weighed B,to weigh,C,weighed D,weighing,解析：,句意：交通规则规定：四岁以下，体重不到,40,磅的小孩必,须坐在安全座上。考查非谓语动词作后置定语。分析句子结构可,知，空格处的内容和,under the age of four,并列作,young children,的,后置定语，,weigh,“,重量为,”,此处为不及物动词，没有被动,形式，故排除,A,和,C,两项；动词不定式作后置定语也需要用及物动,词，,B,项也被排除。,答案：,D,12,(,辽宁卷,),Alexander tried to get his work _ in the medical,circles.,A,to recognize B,recognizing,C,Recognize D,recognized,解析：,句意：,Alexander,试图使自己的工作在医学界得到认可。考,查非谓语动词作宾补。,get sth.done,表示使某事物被做，如,get my,hair cut,表示理发；,get her finger burnt,表示她的手指被烧伤。,答案：,D,13,(,山东卷,),The living room is clean and tidy,with a dining table,already _ for a meal to be cooked.,A,laid B,laying C,to lay D,being laid,解析：,考查,with,复合结构。,lay,意思是,“,摆放，搁,”,，和其逻辑主,语,table,是动宾关系，,already,表明动作已经完成，表示被动和完成,应该用动词的过去分词形式。句意为：起居室既整洁又干净，里,面有一张早已放好预备要做的饭的餐桌。,答案：,A,14,(,陕西卷,),_ from the top of the tower,the south foot of the,mountain is a sea of trees.,A,Seen B,Seeing C,Have seen D,To see,解析：,句意：从塔顶往下看，南边的山脚下是一片树的海洋。考,查分词作状语。分词作状语时逻辑主语与句子主语一致。主语,the,south foot of the mountain,与,see,在逻辑上为被动关系，四个选项中,只有,A,项表被动。,答案：,A,15,(,天津卷,),It rained heavily in the south,_ serious flooding in,several provinces.,A,Caused B,having caused,C,causing D,to cause,解析：,考查非谓语动词。现在分词在句中作结果状语。非谓语动,词的逻辑主语为前面一句话，逻辑主语与,cause,之间为主动关系，,故排除,A,项；,D,项表示意外结果或事与愿违的结果，也被排除；,cause,这一动作不可能先于,rained heavily,，故,B,项也被排除。只有,C,符合要求，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，即：,which caused,serious flooding in several provinces,。,答案：,C,B,组,2009,年,1,(,全国卷,)Now that weve discussed our problem,，,are people,happy with the decisions _,？,A,Taking B,take C,taken D,to take,解析：,考查非谓语动词。语意为：既然我们已经讨论了我们的问,题，那么人们对于做出的决定满意吗？因表示被动的含义，空白,处应用过去分词做后置定语。,答案：,C,2,(,四川卷,),Ladies and gentlemen,，,please remain _ until the,plane has come to a complete stop.,A,seated B,seating C,to seat D,seat,解析：,考查非谓语动词。,remain seated,“,坐好，坐着不动,”,；,seated,既是过去分词，又具有形容词的特征，在句中做表语。,答案：,A,3,(,天津卷,),_ the project in time,，,the staff were working at,weekends.,A,Competing B,Having completed,C,To have completed D,To complete,解析：,考查非谓语动词。由后半句,“,全体工作人员周末都在工作,”,可知，前半句表示,“,为了及时完成这个项目,”,，故用动词不定式做,目的状语。,答案：,D,4,(,山东卷,),We are invited to a party _ in our club next Friday.,A,to be held B,held,C,being held D,holding,解析：,考查非谓语动词的用法。由,next month,可知时间是在将来，,party,是被举行，故选,A,。,答案：,A,5,(,江西卷,),_ the right kind of training,，,these teenage soccer,players may one day grow into international stars.,A,Giving B,Having given,C,To give D,Given,解析：,考查非谓语动词。如果把句子补充完整就不难看出：,If they are,given the right kind of training,，可知主语为,they,，即,these teenager,soccer players,与,give,之间是被动的关系，所以用过去分词。根据主、,从句主语一致可省略从句主语的原则，连词,if,也可省，所以选,D,项。,答案：,D,6,(,浙江卷,),There is a great deal of evidence _ that music,activities engage different parts of the brain.,A,Indicate B,indicating,C,to indicate D,to be indicating,解析：,考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语,a great deal of evidence,与,indicate,之间是主谓关系，应该用现在分词形式，此处相当于一个,定语从句,a great deal of evidence which indicates that.,。故,B,正确。,答案：,B,7,(,湖南卷,),Every evening after dinner,，,if not _ from work,，,I will spend some time walking my dog.,A,being tired B,tiring,C,tired D,to be tired,解析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：每天晚饭后，要是工作回,来后不累，我会花些时间遛狗。说明人的感觉用过去分词形式。,此外，在条件、时间、让步等状语从句中，当从句的主语与主句,的主语一致时，且从句的谓语动词含有,be,动词时，从句的主语及,谓语动词,be,可以省略。,答案：,C,8,(,湖南卷,),At the age of 29,，,Dave was a worker,，,_ in a,small apartment near Boston and _ what to do about his,future.,A,living,；,wondering B,lived,；,wondering,C,lived,；,wondered D,living,；,wondered,解析：,考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空白处在句子中做,状语，同时，根据,and,连接的动词跟其逻辑主语的关系可知，应,该用动词的,ing,形式。,答案：,A,9,(,福建卷,),_ not to miss the flight at 1520,，,the manager set,out for the airport in a hurry.,A,Reminding B,Reminded,C,To remind D,Having reminded,解析：,考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语，逻辑主语是句子的主,语,the manager,，非谓语动词与句子主语是被动关系，且动作在谓语,动词,set out,之前已经发生，非谓语动词用过去分词，选,B,。,答案：,B,10,(,陕西卷,),I still remember _ to the Famen Temple and,what I saw there.,A,to take B,to be taken,C,taking D,being taken,解析：,考查非谓语动词。此处非谓语动词做,remember,的宾语，,而,emember,后用非谓语动词做宾语时，可以用,v.,ing,形式，,v.,ing,表示的动作已经完成，也可用动词不定式，表示的动作还未发,生，根据下文的,saw,可知此处动作已经完成，且与逻辑主语是被动,关系，用,v.,ing,的被动式，选,D,。,答案：,D,模块,考点锁定,知识网,非谓语动词作主语,动词不定式和动名词可用作句子的主语。不定式表示某一具体,的，尤其是未发生的动作；动名词表示抽象的、泛指的动作，,尤其是一般行为倾向。两者可位于句首，也可用,it,作形式主,语，而把不定式或动名词置于后面。,To get up early is necessary.,It,s not easy to work out the problem.,Finding work is difficult these days.,It is no use crying over spilt milk.,非谓语动词作宾语,动词不定式和动名词可用作宾语。,afford,agree,ask,decide,desire,expect,fail,hope,manage,promise,pretend,plan,intend,refuse,wish,等动词后要接不定式作宾语。,He failed to attract her attention.,come,，,get,，,grow,后接不定式作宾语时，意为,“,逐渐地,”,。,She has a hot temper,，,but you will grow to like her.,admitappreciate,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,resist,suggest,等动词后要接动名词作宾语。,I admit breaking the window.,burst out,，,cant stand,，,end up,，,give up,，,feel like,，,keep on,，,insist on,，,look forward to,，,put off,，,devote.to,，,object to,，,be busyin),，,get down to,，,have difficulty,/trouble(in),，,have a good/wonderful/hard time(in),，,have fun,等短语后要接动名词作宾语。,He didnt want to end up going home alone.,下列动词或短语后接不定式和动名词作宾语时，意义上有所不同。,Remember to post the letter for me on your way to school.,请你在上学的路上记住替我把这封信寄出去。,I remember turning off the light before I left the office.,我记得在离开办公室前关上了灯。,动词,like,，,love,，,prefer,，,hate,，,continue,等后接不定式或动名词作宾语均可。但如表示经常性的动作要用动名词，如表示具体的行为要用不定式。,I like swimming,，,but I dont like to swim this afternoon.,注：,在,prefer.to.,结构中用动名词，而在,prefer.rather than.,结构中则用不定式。,I prefer walking there to taking a bus.,I prefer to walk there rather than take a bus.,动词,need,，,require,，,want,作“需要”解时，其后要用动名词的主动语态或不定式的被动语态作宾语。与此相同用法的动词还有,deserve“,值得”。,The window needs cleaning/to be cleaned.,形容词,worth,后要接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，它不同于,worthy,的用法。,The Summer Palace is worth visiting.,The Summer Palace is worthy of being visited/to be visited.,介词后一般要接动名词作宾语。但介词,but/except,后接不定式作宾语时，如前面有实义动词,do,，不定式就要省略,to,。,Upon arriving at the airport,，,he delivered an important speech.,It has no choice but to lie down and sleep.,动词如,find,，,feel,，,think,，,expect,，,consider,，,make,等后可接不定式作宾语，但宾语后要接形容词或名词作宾语补足语，而且要用,it,作形式宾语。,He found it difficult to work out the problem.,非谓语动词作宾语补足语,动词不定式和分词用作宾语补足语。,tell,want,wish,advise,order,get,require,expect,remind,persuade,encourage,convince,force,beg,allow,forbid,等动词后可接不定式作宾语补足语。,My doctor advised me to take a rest.,使役动词,have,，,let,，,make,等后面可接不带,to,的不定式作宾语补足语。,I like him because he makes me laugh.,感官动词,feel,，,hear,，,see,，,watch,，,notice,，,observe,，,listen to,，,look at,等后面可接不带,to,的不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语。,Did you notice anyone go into the house?,have,，,keep,，,leave,，,find,，,catch,，,send,等动词后可接现在分词作宾语补足语。,She kept me waiting for over 20 minutes.,want,like,wish,order,have,make,get,keep,leave,see,hear,find,feel,notice,observe,watch,等动词后还可接过去分词作宾语补足语。,I wish the office painted white before I move in.,非谓语动词作定语,动词不定式、动名词和分词可用作定语。,不定式作定语一般表示将来的动作，但修饰有序数词或形容词最高级限定的名词时，则表示已完成的动作。,I have a lot of things to do today.,She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.,不定式作定语时有时要用主动形式表示被动意思。,Do you have anything to take home?,动名词作定语通常表示中心词的用途。,He had a very expensive walking stick.,现在分词作定语，通常表示与先行词之间是主动关系，且分词动作正在发生；过去分词则表示被动关系，且分词动作已经完成或陈述中心词的状态。,Do you know the man talking to Tom?,Do you know all the people invited to the party?,All the broken windows have been repaired.,非谓语动词作状语,动词不定式和分词可用作状语。,不定式可用作目的状语。,He sat down to have a rest.,不定式在下列结构中作结果状语。,adj./adv.,enough,to do.,too,adj./adv.to do.,so,adj./adv.,as to do.,He was so careless as to forget to lock the door.,不定式可用来表示意想不到的结果，还可用,only to do,结构。,He left,，,never to return.,He lifted a stone only to drop it on his own feet.,不定式可作评注性状语，用以修饰整个句子。,To be honest,，,I know nothing about it.,分词可用作时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随状语。当分词与句子的主语之间是主动关系时，用现在分词；如是被动关系，要用过去分词。,She got home,，,feeling exhausted.,She got home,exhausted.,现在分词还可作评注性状语，表示说话人的态度，此时现在分词与句子的主语无关。常见的说法有：,generally speaking,“,一般来说,”,；,frankly speaking,“,坦白地说,”,；,judging from.,“,根据,来判断,”,；,considering.,“,考虑到,”,等。,Judging from his accent,，,he is Canadian.,非谓语动词作表语,动词不定式、动名词和分词可用作表语。,The first step is to check the victim,s breathing.,My hobby is growing flowers.,This experience is thrilling.,He was thrilled at the sight of the scene.,高频考点：,非谓语动词的几种特殊结构,不定式的复合结构,“,for/of,名词,(,代词,),不定式,”,构成不定式的复合结构。,It,s expensive for people to use electricity for cooking.,It,s careless of you to make such a mistake.,动名词的复合结构,动名词之前有时要加上自己的逻辑主语构成复合结构，逻辑主语可用名词的所有格或物主代词，有时也可用名词或宾格代词。,I can,t imagine George sailing across the ocean in a boat.,My coming back home late made my mother very angry.,分词的独立主格结构,当分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，就要给分词加上自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。,Weather permitting,，,well play golf this afternoon.,Her work done,she sat down for a cup of tea.,“,疑问词不定式”结构,When and where to hold the meeting is not known yet.,I didnt know whether to laugh or cry about it.,with,的复合结构,In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.,The thief was brought in with his hands tied back.,With five minutes to go before the last train left,，,we arrived at the station.,非谓语动词的时态和语态,不定式的时态和语态,时态,主动语态,被动语态,一般式,to do,to be done,进行时,to be doing,完成式,to have done,to have been done,e refused to take me to the park.,He refused to be taken abroad.,It happened to be raining hard when the accident occurred.,He is generally considered to have invented the telephone.,No harm seems to have been done.,动名词的时态和语态,主动语态,被动语态,一般式,doing,being done,完成时,having done,having been done,He went away without saying anythingHe narrowly escaped being drowned.,I,m sorry for having wasted so much of your time.,I forgot having been given a Christmas gift years ago.,现在分词的时态和语态,主动语态,被动语态,一般式,doing,being done,完成时,having done,having been done,Not knowing her address,，,I wasn,t able to contact her.,I saw him being taken away when I passed by his house.,Having bought our tickets,，,we went into the theatre.,Having been told many times,，,he still repeated the same mistake.,模块,难点突破,课内练,1,Bluetooth is an internationally standardized technology _,short distance wireless communication.,A,supporting,B,supported,C,to support D,supports,解析：,bluetooth,这种技术与,support,为主谓关系，因此用,v.,ing,形,式作,technology,的后置定语。,答案：,A,2,All flights _ because of the snowstorm,，,many passengers,could do nothing but take the train.,A,had been canceled B,have been canceled,C,having been canceled D,being canceled,解析：,句号前半部分为独立主格结构，由于,“,取消航班,”,与,“,乘客,换乘火车