高考英语总复习第一轮 Module8 Unit 1 The written word课件(江苏专版) 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Unit 1,The written word,1,、,desperate,adj,.,绝望的，不顾一切的，极其想要的,The situation is desperate.,情况令人感到绝望。,与,hopeless,相比，,desperate,的语气要轻些。,The situation was desperate but not hopeless.,这个情形是令人绝望的，但也不全无希望。,desperate,后可接不定式，表示“发疯似的想要,”,。,When the war was over,Tom was desperate to return to civilian life.,当战争结束的时候，汤姆发疯似的想要回到平民的生活。,*,be desperate at,属于固定搭配，表示“因,而绝望”。,Hes,a glass of water.,他极想喝一杯水。,desperate for,2,、,resist,v.,抗拒；拒绝；克制,The soldiers resisted the enemy attacks.,士兵们抵抗了敌人的进攻。,cannot resist(doing),sth,.,忍不住，按捺不住,(,做,),某事,I can never resist the urge to laugh.,我克制不了大笑的冲动。,He couldnt resist showing off his new car.,他忍不住要炫耀自己的新车。,3,、,rescue,vt,.,营救，援救,n,.,救援；营救；抢救；获救；营救行动,He dived from the bridge to rescue the drowning child.,他从桥上跳入水中去抢救那名溺水儿童。,Had Jim not dived in to rescue him,the boy would have drowned.,如果不是吉姆跳下水去救，那小男孩早就淹死了。,The government has rescued the firm from bankruptcy by giving them a grant.,政府拨款给这家公司使其免于破产。,We had given up hope of rescue.,我们那时已经放弃了获救的希望。,Ten fisherman were saved in a sea rescue.,在一次海上营救行动中，,10,名渔民获救。,rescue,save,这两个动词均有,“,营救、拯救、搭救,”,之意。,rescue,多指营救某人脱离紧迫的危险。,save,含义广泛，既可指营救某人使脱离危险，也可指精神或道德上的拯救。,The,welldrilled,crew managed _ most of the passengers.,训练有素的机组人员设法营救出了大部分乘客。,to rescue,4,、,intend,v,.,打算；专供,使用,I intend you to take over my career.,我打算让你来接替我的事业。,The school is intended for the children whose parents are doing odd work outside.,这所学校是专门为父母在外做特殊工作的小孩而开设的。,be intended for,专供,使用，专为,而设计,intend to do/doing,打算做,intend sb.to do,sth,.,打算让某人做某事,intend,sth,.for sb./be intended for sb.,打算供某人使用；打算送给某人,Its intended that,按计划,Does your brother intend to study German?,Yes,he intends_.,A./B.to,C.so D.that,B,考查省略。省略了,to,后面的,do,也就是,study German,。,你知道,intended to do,和,intended to have done,sth,.,的内在含义吗？,_,intended to do,表示“过去打算做某事,(,可能做了，也可能没做,)”,，而,intended to have done,sth,.,表示“过去打算做某事而实际上没做”，是虚拟语气的一种表达形式，相当于,had intended to do,sth,.,。,be set in(on),安置，放置；,(,电影、故事等,),以,为背景,The campsite is set in the middle of a forest.,野营点设置在森林的中心。,This story is set in New York in the late 1950s.,这个故事是以,20,世纪,50,年代末为背景的。,set about(doing),sth,.,开始,/,着手,(,做,),某事,set aside,留出；拨出；不顾,set back,把,(,钟表等,),往回拨,set in(,尤指不愉快的事情,),开始，来临；盛行,set sb.down,使乘客下车,set,sth,.down,放下；记下,set forth,启程；动身,set off,出发，动身；使爆炸；引起,set out,出发，动身；开始，着手,setfree,释放,选用下列词填空,He set _ washing his car.,She set a good example _ all of us.,The rainy season has set _.,The school was set _ 50 years ago.,She has set _ some money for a trip to Beijing.,about,aside,down,to,in,up,about,to,in,up,aside,1,、,Many people do not read them because they think they are,oldfashioned,and boring,and have nothing to do with life today.,许多人不读经典文学作品是因为觉得他们过时了，枯燥乏味，与今天的生活没有任何关系。,这是一个复合句，其中,because,引导原因状语从句。,be/have nothing to do with,与,无关。,Go out!Its nothing to do with you.,出去！这根本就不关你的事。,be/have something to do with,与,有关,for nothing,免费；平白无故地,nothing but,只不过,anything but,一点也不，除,外都,We could have got in for nothing nobody was checking tickets.,我们本来不花钱就能进去,没人查票。,That has something to do with what we are discussing.,那与我们正讨论的问题有关。,Is he content to accept our price?,Yes.He cares more about the quality.Money is _ to him.,A.everything B.none,C.nothing D.something,C,句意“他更在乎质量，钱对他来说不算什么”。此处,nothing,才是最合适的。,2,、,Pips sister seldom has a kind word to say,but Joe is a kind and simple man,who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.,皮普的姐姐极少说好话，但乔是一个淳朴善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到伤害。,此句的句式“,would ratherthan”,意为“宁愿,而不愿,”,、“与其,不如,”,。用以表达主语的意愿，强调经过选择后做其中一件事，而不愿做另一件事。,than,后应接动词原形，但如果该句型前后连接的两个动词相同，则,than,之后的那个动词可省去。,I would rather you told me the truth now than(you told me)tomorrow.,我宁愿你现在而不是明天告诉我真相。,【,注意,】,would ratherthan,也可改写成“,wouldrather,than”,，其用法及含义仍不变。,She would listen to her classmates rather than her parents.,她宁愿听同学的话，也不听父母的。,有时，为表示语气上的强调，可将,rather than,置于句首。,Rather than get money in such a dishonest way,he would beg in the street.,与其以这种不诚实的方式挣钱，他不如上街去行乞。,(1)“would rather,动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式,(,美国英语中多用,had rather),。,d rather,为,would(,或,had)rather,的缩写形式。,would(had),在此决无“过去”之意，且无词性、时态变化，它是一个情态助动词。该句式常用来表示选择的意愿，意为“宁可,”,、“宁愿,”,、“最好,”,。,Which would you rather have,tea or coffee?,你宁愿喝哪一种饮料，茶还是咖啡？,(2)would rather,后面跟从句时，其从句谓语动词常用过去时来表示现在或将来的动作。,Id rather you forgot the unpleasant experience in the city.,我宁愿你把在城市不愉快的经历忘掉。,(3)would rather,后还可接动词的完成式，表示主语要做某事，而结果却事与愿违。,We ourselves would rather have left on December 16th,but we didnt because of the bad weather.,我们本想在,12,月,16,日动身的，但因为天气原因没有离开。,Will you join us in the game?,Thank you,_,A.but why not?B.but Id rather not.,C.and I wont.D.and Ill join.,B,由问句“你愿意参加我们的游戏吗？”及答句“谢谢”可知应填入表示转折的词，而,A,表示“但是为什么不参加呢？”，不符合语境。只有,B“,但是我不想参加”才与问句吻合。,He _.,他宁愿玩也不愿工作。,would rather play than work,1.C,本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意应为“山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。”表示“学会”用,pick up;pick up,另外还有“捡起；顺车接送，搭载；收拾，整理；重新开始；获得”等义；,bring up,表示“抚养，教育；提出；呕吐”；,look up,表示“向上看；,(,形势,),好转，改善；查阅”；,set up,表示“建立，设置；造成，产生”。,1.Sam _ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.(2010,山东,),A.brought up B.looked up,C.picked up D.set up,2.D,本题考查条件句的时态。根据句意：如果你在春天种下西瓜种子，你会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。可以判断这是真实的条件从句，所以选择,will be eating,表将来。,2.If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring,you _ fresh watermelon in the fall.(2010,浙江,),A.eat B.would eat,C.have eaten D.will be eating,怎样写好描写文,一、描写文的概述,描写,(Description),就是用生动、形象的语言把人物、事物、景物等的特征和性质活灵活现地刻画或描绘出来，使读者如见其人，如闻其声，如临其境。为了使人或事物的特征跃然纸上，我们往往在写文章时把叙述和描写结合起来。描写就是形象化的叙述。,1.,描写文的分类,就描写对象而言，描写可分为人物描写、景物描写和场面描写等。,(1),人物描写：指描写人物的肖像、语言、动作、心理活动及生活细节等，旨在塑造活灵活现的人物。,(2),景物描写：是指对山川风光、鸟树鱼虫、风花雪月等的描写。,(3),场面描写：指对一个特定时间和地点发生的事情的描写，如劳动场面、会议场面、战斗场面等的描写。,2,描写文的语言,描写文的语言特征就是大量使用动词和具有定语性质的形容词进行描述，使我们所接触的人或事物能够具体、形象地表现出来。为了使文章更生动，要适当地运用形容词、同义词或派生形容词、副词等，避免重复、单调。,3,描写文的具体写法,(1),描写文的写法多种多样，可以先从具体描写某一事物开始，然后再泛写与之相关的其他事物；也可以先写不重要的事物，最后重点突出所要描写的事物；也可以按照事物所处的空间顺序，如前后左右等，来描述事物。,(2),灵活运用各种修辞手法,根据需要恰当地运用比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手法，使描述更生动、形象，更好地说明问题。如：,He says he is almost as busy as a bee.,他说他忙得团团转。,(,比喻,),My heart is like a singing bird.,我心情舒畅。,(,比喻,),(3),要写好描写文，既要有丰富的想象力和敏锐的观察力，还要具有语言描写能力。因此，我们在中学阶段应该有意识地努力培养这两种能力。在日常生活中要多观察周围的事物，并在英语学习中，进行广泛的阅读，多积累词汇、素材，多做练习。,二、写作模板,第一段：导语，揭示核心内容。如：,On May Daywent to,第二段：描述主体，对事件的详细描述。如：,Upon their arrival Then they started When it was time,第三段：结束语，概括总结。如：,What they did has,三、典例分析,1,试题要求,写一篇短文，简述,Green School,受欢迎的原因。要求包含以下内容：,(1),历史悠久；,(2),校园美丽；,(3),设备良好。教学楼、实验楼、语音室、计算机房、图书馆及体育馆都是全市最好的；,(4),收费合理；,(5),教师出色，大部分毕业于名牌大学。他们有耐心，有经验，热爱学生。,注意：,不要逐条翻译。不少于,150,词。,2,内容分析,这是一篇提示类作文，内容涉及,Green School,，故它实际上是一篇描述性说明文。该文写作重点是,Green School,受欢迎的原因，题干中提供了较为充实的写作材料，考生可从,Green School,的历史、环境、设备、收费以及教师品质等几个方面加以说明。,注意事项：,题干所提供的内容较为繁杂，动笔前应仔细分析材料加以整合，以便于描写；,所使用句式应注意变化，避免出现单一的,It is/It has,之类的句式。,3,佳作赏析,Why is Green School so popular?,Green School is a beautiful school with a long history,in which trees and flowers are growing here and there.Having the best facilities such as the classroom buildings,the experiment labs and the sound labs,the computer rooms,the library as well as the gymnasium,the school is equipped very well.Whats more,it is less costly than other schools.Even so,teachers in the school are excellent and most of them graduated from famous universities and colleges.These experienced teachers who are devoted to their teaching are patient with students and have deep love for the students as well.,4,满分揭秘,要点齐全，表达准确，层次清晰，行文连贯，给人一气呵成之感。文章足以显示作者扎实的语言功底和驾驭语言的能力，是一篇名副其实的满分作文。,你校正在开展“创建文明班级，共建和谐校园”活动，请根据下面内容，以,A Meaningful Activity,为题写一篇短文，向,英语辅导报,投稿，介绍有关情况。,主题,同陋习告别，与文明握手,目的,1.,根除乱扔、乱吐、男生留长发、吸烟、喝酒等现象；,2.,提倡穿校服、讲礼貌。,内容,举办图片展，进行教室、宿舍美化评比等。,注意：,1,词数：不少于,150,；,2,参考词汇：文明,civilization,；和谐的,harmonious,_,_,_One possible version:,A Meaningful Activity,Our school has now started an activity called“Build Civilized Classes and a Harmonious Campus”.The slogan is“Get Rid of Bad Habits and Greet Civilization”,Bad habits do exist.Some students throw rubbish everywhere or spit in public.Some boys wear long hair.Others are even addicted to smoking and drinking.We require that students get rid of these bad habits.,We urge students to wear their school uniforms and be polite to others.,During the activity,well hold a picture show,a competition for classroom and dormitory decorations and some other events.We all hope that we can turn each class into a civilized one and our campus into a harmonious place.,倒装,英语句子中，将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做倒装语序。而倒装可分为两种：将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完全倒装,(full invention),；而只将,be,，情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前的叫做部分倒装,(partial invention),。,一、英语中完全倒装句式的几种情形,1,out,in,up,down,等方位副词在句首时；,2,here,there,等地点副词在句首时；,3,now,then,finally,等时间副词在句首时；,4,away,off,等状态副词在句首时；,5,表示地点的介词词组在句首时；,6,象声词在句首时；,7,直接引语放前面，引出说话人时；,8,在表示祝愿的句式中：,Long live,！；,9,上述情况下，如主语为人称代词，不需要倒装。,二、英语中部分倒装句式使用的情形如下,1,当,only,引导的副词，介词短语，从句放句首作状语时；,2,当表示频度或数量的否定副词,seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,little,等放于句首时；,3,当含有否定意义的副词,not,或,no,的短语放句首时；,4,当表示程度如此”意义的,so,或,such,放句首时；,5,当表示前一个主语肯定意义的情况也适用于后一个主语，用,so,表达时；,6,当表示前一个主语否定意义的情况也适用于后一个主语，或表示延伸否定，用,neither,或,nor,表达时；,7,当表示方式或频度的词语放于句首时；,8,当含有,should,，,were,，,had,的虚拟条件从句省略,if,时；,9,当用,as,或,though,表达让步状语从句时；,10,在表达祝愿的特殊句式中：,May sb.do,sth,.,；,11,在,however,引导的让步状语从句和感叹句中,(,表语往往提前,),。,1,here,there,away,in,out,down,up,off,back,now,then,等在句首时是全部倒装。,2,介词短语或方位名词词组作地点状语位于句首，是全部倒装。,注意：,以上两种完全倒装主语必须是名词，谓语常是表示方位或转移的不及物动词，如,lie,live,sit,stand,be,come,go,rise,walk,run,等，主语若是人称代词或谓语不属上述动词之列，则不用完全倒装。,Here it rains a lot every month of the year.,今年本地区每月雨量充裕。,3,代词,such,作表语，意为“这样的人”“这样的物”，应置于句首，其后全部倒装。,Such were the facts.,事实就是这样。,4,only,修饰动词、介词短语、状语从句，并置于句首时，主句中是部分倒装。,Only when the rain stopped did the match start again.,雨停后比赛才能开始。,但是，“,only,名词,/,代词”置于句首不要倒装。,Only he can do it.,只有他才会这么干。,5,否定意义的副词，如：,not,never,neither,nor,seldom,hardly,little,等置于句首时，是部分倒装。,Hardly can I believe that.,我绝不相信。,6,not only,but(also,),连接两个分句，,not only,置于句首，它所引导的这部分要部分倒装，但,but(also,),部分不要倒装。,Not only should we study science,but also we should pay attention to politics.,我们不仅要学习科学知识，也要关注政治。,但是，若,not only,but(also,),连接两个主语，句子不要倒装。,7,not until,引起一个短语或引导一个从句置于句首时，主句中要求部分倒装。,Not until he was ten did he go to school.,直至,10,岁他才上学。,8,so,表“也”、“同样”意，位于句首时，其后要部分倒装。,You can swim,so can I.,你会游泳，我也会。,1.Then _ a new development that had,farreaching,effects.,A.come B.coming,C.came D.had come,C,句子为时间副词,then,置于句首的倒装句，,came,为句子谓语。注意：这类倒装句的谓语通常是,go,come,follow,exist,remain,等不及物动词。,2.Hard _ he studies,he cannot pass the examination.,A.when B.how,C.as D.while,C,考查让步倒装结构，其基本句式为“名词,(,不带冠词,),、形容词、副词、动词等,as,主语动词”。,3._ loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.,A.So B.Very,C.Too D.Much,A,其余几项均有可能误选。之所以选,so,，一是因为,sothat,是一固定句型，二是因为,so loudly,后的,did he speak,为部分倒装，因为按英语语法，当,sothat,结构中的“,so,形容词或副词”置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装形式。,