高三英语语法复习之非谓语动词课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,非谓语动词,2010,届,高三英语语法复习之,作用,种类,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补语,不定式,动名词,分词,种类与作用,形式与构型,不定式,主动形式,被动形式,一般式,to do,to be done,进行式,to be doing,完成式,to have done,to have been done,动名词,主动形式,被动形式,一般式,doing,being done,完成式,having made,having been made,非谓语动词在句子中所充当的成分,With,复合结构 做定语，状语ing,-ed,-adv.,With +n _ adj,-to do,-to be done,和名词的关系为主动,和名词的关系为被动,表状态,表状态,表将来的主动,表将来的被动,1,.He sits here,with his feet pointing to,the others.,2.He sits here,with his hands tied to,the chair.,3.The boy is playing out side,with his face red,.,4.The boy stays at home,with his mother out,.,5.The teacher walks into the classroom,with a book in his hand,6.He went home,with his homework to be done,.,作定语，放在名词后面,n +,-ing,-ed,-to do,-to be done,being done,主动和进行,被动和过去,将来的主动,将来的被动,正在进行的被动,The boy,going to school,now is my son.,The plan,discussed yesterday,is a good one.,The boy to,go to school next year,is my son.,The pan,to be discussed tomorrow,is a good one.,The plan,to be discussed present,is a good one,不定式,下列词语接不定式做,定语,1.Change,wish,right,courage,need,promise,time,way,opportunity,the first,the second,the last,the only.,不定式与所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的,主谓关系,Hes always the first(one),to come,to school.,There is no one,to look after,her.,eg.He is the first person to come.,(2).,不定式和所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的,动宾关系,He is looking for a room,to live in,.,I have a meeting,to attend,.,(3).,现在分词做定语表,进行,过去分词做定语表示,完成,;,单个分词做定语放在修饰词的,前面,;,短语做定语放在,后面,.,a,burning,stick a,fallen,leaf,The girl,standing by the door,.,The book,written by LuXun,作状语 表时间或原因,主动和进行,时间上无先后,被动和过去,时间上无先后,主动和进行,时间上有先后,被动和过去,时间上有先后,-ing,-ed,-having done,Having been done,否定式在,-ing,前直接加,not,或在,ing,后加,never,attention,表原因时可不分先后,1.,Standing,on the top of the mountain,I found the school is very beautiful.,2.,Seen,from the mountain,the school is very beautiful3.,Having finished,my homework.I went home immediately.,4.,Having beaten,by my father,I went out to see my mother.,5.,Not having received,his letter,he went home=Having never received his letter,he went home.,否定式要,not,把加,-ing,在前面，或把,never,加在,-ing,后面,.,下列少数短语为惯用语，为固定形式。,Judging from,generally speaking,honestly speaking,strictly speaking,talking of,speaking of.,目的状语,To study,English well,we must practise everyday.,结果状语,He hurried to school,only to find,she had left.,原因状语,We all jumped,to hear,of his success.,作状语,In order not to,：可首句，可尾句,So as not to,：只可尾句,To,：可首可尾,only to do,：结果却，常指意想不到的结果,不定式的否定式，否定词,Not,或,never seldom hardly,要放在,to,的前面。,she checked the names so as not to make mistakes,作目的状语的词,Attention,分词作其他的状语,伴随状语,结果状语,1.the teacher came in,followed by,some students.,2.He sat by the table,reading,a book,His father died,leaving,him some money.,作主语,作主语没有太大的区别，表示一般的抽象概念用动名词，表示具体的个别的将来的用不定式,可用作形式主语结构或形式宾语结构,.,用,it,作形式主语,.,用,for,或,of,来表示逻辑主语,.,for,不定式的特点,;,of,人的特点,1.Its difficult for you,to study English,.,2.Its foolish of,you,to ask her for help,作宾语,直接用动名词作宾语的词,直接接不定式,Suggest,finish,avoid,stop,cant help,mind,enjoy,require,practise,miss,excuse,pardon,advise,consider,keep,leave off,put off,keep on,give up.,wish.hope,agree,ask,promise,mean,decide,expect,manage,offer,pretend,plan,refuse,care,fail,afford,determine.,有些动词可接不定式，有些可接动名词。无太大区别。但不定式表具体，动名词表抽象。,但有些接不定式和动名词表示的意义不同,regret,forget,remember:,接不定式表示没做，接动名词表示做完,.,try doing,试用某种办法做某事,;,try to do,表示努力做某事,1.lets try doing the work some other day.,2.try to work hard,and then you will success.,Start,begin:,可接不定式可接动名词，意义相等。但下列情况只可接不定式,.,1.,主语是人不是物。,2.,本身是进行时,.,3.,其后的动词是表示心理状况的词,.understand,realize,know,see etc.,1.The ice began to melt when the sun comes out.2.I was beginning to be angry.,3.I began to understand what he said.,1.I saw him playing in the park just now.But now he isnt there.,2.I hear him playing piano next room.Its wonderful.,3.I saw a dog tied to a chair.Its going to died.,作宾补,doing sth,See sb do sth,done sth,用于所有的感官动词,see,hear,notice,watch,feel,表动作在进行,表过程，完成,表被动,可接不定式做宾补的词：,Permit,request,allow,command,tell,invite,cause,encourage,warn,advise,persuade,force,order,remind,teach.,接不定式既做宾语又做宾补的词,:.ask,beg,like,help,promise,wish,want,expect.,Bye-bye,Good luck,