1、单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高考语法复习系列九,动词及动词短语,前 言,名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词以及它们的短语是各地高考中的热点,其中以动词和动词短语为最。这些虽属语法范畴,但又似乎没有多少规律可循。因此我们更应该把这些知识放到课文复习中去,在课文复习中来整理、归纳和比较,以求达到巩固基础,灵活运用的目的。此处只是借高考试卷来分析一下我们在复习过程中应侧重些什么,应注意些什么。至于这些知识应复习到什么度,那就该应人而宜了。,动词及动词短语考点,1,、系动词的比较;,2,、动词的及物与不及物;短暂性与持续性;,3,、意思相同或相近
2、的动词比较;,4,、同一动词构成的不同词组的用法比较;,5,、意思相同或相近的动词短语的比较。,1,、系动词的用法比较,考题点击:,1)Happy birthday,Alice!So you have _ twenty-one,already!,(,04,天津),A becomeB turnedC grownD passed,2)On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine,she,_ pale.,(,04,湖北),A,got B,changed C,went D,appeared,B,become,强调变化过后的持续性;,turn,
3、表示从某种状态向其对应状态转化的自然现象,其后接名词不用冠词;,go,往往表示情况变坏或恶化;,fall,表示一下子进入一种状态,fall asleep/ill/silent,;,come,表示向好的方面转化;,get,强调造成事件的施动者发挥的作用或变化的结果;,C,2,、及物动词和不及物动词,考题点击,Why dont you put the meat in the fridge?It will,fresh for several days.,(,03,全国卷),A,be stayed B,stayC,be staying D,have stayed,B,该句中的,stay,是系动词,其后
4、加,fresh,作表语,所以没有被动语态。,stay,是表示状态的系动词,一般不用进行时。英语中有许多动词都有多重词性,如:,sell,,用作“销售”用时是及物动词,用作“销路”用时为不及物动词;,feel,,用作“摸索”解时为及物动词,用作“摸上去怎么样”解时为系动词。所以复习中需要注意动词的词性变化。,3,、意思相同或相近的动词的比较,考题点击,1.-Julia said she sent you a birthday card yesterday.Have,you got it?,-Oh,really!I havent _ my mailbox yet.,(,05,天津),A.exami
5、ned B.reviewed C.tested D.checked,2.In our childhood,we were often _ by Grandma to pay,attention to our table manners.(05,江苏卷,),A.demanded B.reminded C.allowed D.hoped,3.-,Ow,!Ive burnt myself!How did you do that?,-I _ a hot pot.,(,05,浙江卷),(A),A,touched B,kept C,felt D,held,D,B,B,以上三道题中比较的都是我们常见的动词,
6、象第一题中的,examine;check;test,,第三题中的,touch;feel;hold,。有时还需考虑到固定搭配,如:,He is such a man who is always _ fault with other people.,(,05,安徽卷),A.putting B.seeking C.finding D.looking for,C,该题中“,find fault with,sb,.”,为固定短语,意为“抱怨别人、挑剔”。在做动词题时,需要读懂句子的意思,分析句子结构,善于发现习惯用语和固定短语。,4.,动词短语的用法比较,考题点击,1,、,The Internet ha
7、s brought _ big changes in the way we,work.,(,05,北京春季),A.about B.out C.back D.up,2,、,Kathy_ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native,boys and girls.,(,05,安徽卷),A.picked up B.took up C.made up D.turned up,第一题的考点是同一动词与不同的介词和副词的搭配,第二题的考点是同一个副词与不同的动词的搭配。且这些短语都是大家非常熟悉的。,A,A,5,、意思相同或相近的动词短语的比较,考题点击:,1,、
8、The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an,hour without _ his notes.,(,05,浙江卷),A,bringing upB,referring to,C,looking for D,trying on,2,、,What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world,has _?,(,05,山东卷),A.given out B.put outC.held upD.used up,第一题只需要正确理解句意就不难发现答案。第二题的干,扰项是,D,,但,use up,需用被动。,give out,表示“,用尽了”,,相当于,run out,。,A,B,Good-bye!,