高中英语模块四unit 2 Grammar and usage课件译林牛津版必修4 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Grammar and usage,Unit,2,情态动词没有人称和数的变化，有词义，但是不完整，不能单独做谓语，必须和不带,to,的动词不定式连用。,ability,certainty,permission,obligation,make,requests,make,suggestions,make,offers,give,advice,能力,义务,责任,确定,允许,提出,请求,提出,建议,提供,帮忙,提出,忠告,Modal verbs:,general introduction,(1)He,can,run the 100m sprint in 11 seconds.,(2),Can,this little girl read before she goes to the primary school?,ability,can,表示可能性时，指的是理论上的可能，它通常不用来表示某事实际发生的可能性或真实性。如：,Accidents,can,happen,Anybody,can,make mistakes,can/be able to,can/be able to,ability,在过去时态的肯定句中需要某种条件或努力,做成某事,，我们要用,was,were able to,而不能用,could,。如：,It was a holiday and the children,were able to,go to the seaside,The girl worked hard so she,was able to,pass the final test,Im sorry I,havent been able to,play tennis with you recently.,obligation,ought to/should,ought to,与,should,意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是,should,谈的是自己的主观看法,用于各种人称。,ought to,则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。如：,We,should,ought to,help each other and learn from each other in our work,You,shouldnt,spend so much time playing.,She is your mother,so you,ought to,support her,Ought,he,to,go?Yes,I think he,ought(to),.,have to/must,obligation,must,与,have to,都可以表示“必须”的意思，但要注意以下两点区别。,1)must,只有现在时，而,have to,有现在时、过去时和将来时。如：,We,must,work hard,or well fail in the examination,Two years ago,the poor girl,had to,leave school for lack of money,2)must,表示主观看法，,have to,则侧重于客观需要。如：,We,must,be strict with ourselves in everything,In cities with many cars,some people,have to,wear masks,obligation,have to/must,She,might,win a medal at the Olympics.,She,may,be at home now.,She,could,read and write at the age of 4.,She,should,come to join us.,She,ought to/will/must,help me whenever I am in trouble.,certainty,might/may/could/should/ought to/will/must,very uncertainty,almost certainty,can/could/may/might,could,比,can,更委婉，,might,比,may,更委婉,-,Can,I watch the Olympics?,-Yes,you,can,.No,you,cant,.,-,May,I watch TV after finishing my homework?,-Yes,you,may,./No,you,mustnt,./No,you,may not,./No,youd better not,.,permission,informal/spoken,formal/written,-,Will/Can/Could/Would,you help me with my training?,-Yes,I,will/can/can/will,.,will/can/could/would,make requests,informal,formal,make suggestions,shall,常用于第一，三人称，表示征求对方意见。,-,Shall,we/I/he/she/they do some exercise this morning?,-Yes.,-,Shall,he come in?,-Ok.,make offers,I,ll,wash your sports jacket.,Shall,I get a ticket for you?,Shall,we carry the books for you?,Shall,I clean the blackboard for you?,give advice,You,should not/ought not to,eat a lot before swimming.,The students,should,spend all their time working at their lessons.,和其他时态的连用,The boys,may be playing,football on the playground.,The boys,may have finished,their homework by the time school is over.,He plays basketball very well.He,must have practiced,it a lot.,Our headmaster,must have been,to USA,for he knows the country so much.,must have done,的反意疑问句,You,must have seen,the film,havent you,?,You,must have seen,the film,last week,didnt you,?,His parents,must have beaten,him,havent,they?,His parents,must have beaten,him yesterday,didnt they,?,shall,可以用来征求对方意见。用于第一、三人称。此外它也可以用来表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等，这时它用于第二、三人称。如：,Shall she,go to the concert with us this evening,？,(,征求意见,),You shall,go to the front at once,(,命令,),Dont worry,You shall,get the answer this very afternoon,（允诺）,He shall,be sorry one day,I tell you,(,警告,),Nothing shall,stop us from fighting against pollution,(,决心,),shall/will,will,在肯定句中表示意愿或决心时，是可以用于条件状语从句的。在疑问句中用于第二、三人称表示意愿。如：,Will you,go hiking with me in the mountain?,Will he,pay for me?,If,you will,listen to meIll give you some advice on how to learn English,If,you will,come this,way,the,manager will meet you,shall/will,mustnt/neednt,mustnt,解释为“不准，不许”，语气强烈；,neednt“,不需要，没必要”，语气缓和。,You,mustnt,miss this football match.Its very important.,You,neednt,watch the game if you dont want to.,-Must,we clean the classroom?,-Yes,you,must,./No,you,neednt,.,need/dare,作为情态动词时，两个词常用于,疑问句和否,定句,。,-,Need,I help you?,-Yes,please.,You,neednt,telephone him now.,How,dare,you talk to the teacher like that?,The girl,dare not,go out alone at night.,用作实义动词时，可用于,各种,句式,We,need to,tell him the news.You,dont need to,tell him the news.,Do the flowers,need,water,ing,?,I,didnt dare to,tell you the truth.,Would you,dare to,catch the snake with your hand?,The boy,dares to do,anything he likes.,need/dare,Have a try!,1.A left-luggage office is a place where bags _be left for a short time,especially at a railway station.,A.should B.can C.must D.will,B,2.How _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?,A.can B.must C.need D.may,A,3.-The room is so dirty._ we clean it?,-Of course.,A.Will B.Shall C.Would D.Do,B,4.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared.Who _ have taken it?,A.should B.must C.could D.would,C,5.-I hear youve got a set of valuable Australian coins._ I have a look?,-Yes,certainly.,A.Do B.May C.Shall D.Should,B,6.I was really anxious about you.You _ home without a word.,A.mustnt leave B.shouldnt have left,C.couldnt have left D.neednt leave,B,7.-Are you coming to Jeffs party?,-Im not sure.I _ go to the concert instead.,A.must B.would C.should D.might,D,8.Sorry,Im late.I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.,A.might B.should C.can D.will,A,9.-When can I come for the photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon.,-They _ be ready by by 12:00.,A.can B.should C.might D.need,B,10.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.,A.had to B.would C.was able to D.could,C,11.When he was there,he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work everyday.,A.would B.should,C.had better D.might,A,12.I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.,A.dare to say B.dare saying,C.not dare say D.dared say,D,