高三英语一轮课件语法2 新人教版必修4-2.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,语法专项提升,动词与动词短语,动词,系动词,(1),表示人或事物特征和状态的系动词，如,smell,，,live,，,look,，,sound,，,feel,，,seem,，,appear,等。,The actor looked his part.,那个演员看上去就像他演的角色。,He appears a normal person.,他看来是一个正常人。,(2),表示状态的变化，如,go,，,grow,，,run,，,turn,，,become,，,wash,，,get,，,turn out,，,come等。,His dream has come true.,他的梦想成真了。,The river went dry.,河流干涸了。,(3),表示某种状态的持续或延续，如,rest,，,stand,，,lie,，,keep,，,stay,，,continue,，,hold,等。,He stayed young.,他依然年轻。,He told me to keep calm under all circumstances.,他告诉我在任何情况下都要保持镇静。,一些常用行为动词的用法比较,(1)lay,和,lie,原形,过去式,过去分词,现在分词,意思,用法,lie,lay,lain,lying,躺，位于,不及物动词,lie,lied,lied,lying,说谎,不及物动词,lay,laid,laid,laying,放置，产卵,及物动词,He lied to me that he had finished his work.,他向我撒谎他已完成工作。,She laid her baby on the bed.,她把婴儿放置在床上。,(2)arise,，,rise,和,raise,原形,过去式,过去分词,现在分词,意思,用法,arise,arose,arisen,arising,出现，发生，兴起,不及物动词,rise,rose,risen,rising,上升，起身,不及物动词,raise,raised,raised,raising,举起，提高，唤起，饲养,及物动词,The sun having set down,，,a mist arose.,太阳落山后起了雾。,The river has risen by several metres.,河水上涨了好几米。,It,s difficult raising a family on a small income.,依靠微薄的收入是很难养家的。,(3)hang,的用法,原形,过去式,过去分词,现在分词,意思,用法,hang,hung,hung,hanging,吊，挂,及物动词,/,不及物动词,hanged,hanged,hanging,绞死,及物动词,He hung his clothes on the wall.,他把衣服挂在墙上。,A towel hung from the rail.,栏杆上搭着条毛巾。,The murderer was hanged and the dead was avenged.,杀人犯被绞死了，为死者报了仇。,(4)sit,，,set,和,seat,原形,过去式,过去分词,现在分词,意思,用法,sit,sat,sat,sitting,(,使,),坐,不及物动词,set,set,set,setting,安放，调整，下沉,及物,/,不及物动词,seat,seated,seated,seating,使坐，容纳,及物动词,The old man often sat by the fire on winter evenings.,那位老人常在冬天的晚上坐在火炉旁。,The waiter is setting the table.,服务员在摆餐具。,The hall can seat 3,000 audiences.,这个大厅可容纳,3,000,名观众。,注意：,seat,后面可跟反身代词，也可用于被动语态。,The hostess had the chairs set before asking her guests to be seated.,女主人把椅子放好，请客人们坐下。,动词短语,1,act,act as,充当，担任,act for,代表，代理,act out,表演,(,指用行动、动作表达,),2,add,add in,算入，包括,add to,增加，加到,add up,加起来，总计,add up to,总计共达,3,agree,agree on,就,达成共识,agree to,同意,(,建议等,),agree with,同意；与,一致，适合于,4,break,break away from,脱离,break down,坏掉；出故障；垮掉,break into,闯入；破门而入,break up,打碎；,(,物理,),分解；分开；结束；制止,break out(,战争,),爆发,break through,逾越，突破；冲破,break in,破门而入,break off,打断；中断,5,bring,bring about,导致，引起,bring down,降低；使倒下,bring back,把,带回来；使忆起；使恢复,bring forth,结果，生产，产生,bring forward,提出；提前,bring on,引起；使发展；提出,(,论点等,),供讨论,bring out,使显出；使,(,意义等,),明白表示出来,bring up,养育，培养；呕吐；提出,6,call,call for,需要；邀请,call on/at,号召；访问,call in,召集；召来call up,召唤，召集；打电话,call off,取消,7,carry,carry off,获胜；成功做成,(,困难之事,),carry on,继续，坚持,carry out,执行,carry through,帮助渡过难关；完成，实现,carry back,使记起,carry away,失去理智,8,come,come about,发生,come out,结果是；出来；出版；开花,come across,偶遇,come to,共计，达到，苏醒,come true,变为现实,come up,走上前，被提出,come up with,提出,come on(,表示劝说、激励、不耐烦等,),来；快；得了,come along,一起来,come into being,形成；产生,come into power,上台；执政,come to light,为人所知,9,cut,cut down,砍倒,cut in,插嘴；突然插入,cut up,切碎,cut off,隔绝；切断；中止,10,die,die of,死于,(,疾病，情感，年老等,),die from,死于,(,尤指死于意外事故或疾病、情感以外的原因,),die away(,风、声音,),渐渐消失,die down(,风、雨等,),逐渐平息,die off,相继死去,die out,死光，灭绝,11,get,get about,四处走动；传开,get across,传达,get along(on)with,进展；相处,get away,逃脱，设法离开,get down,下来，记下,get in,收割；到达,get off,出发；下班,get together,聚会,get through,接通；通过,get down to,开始认真干,get over,克服,12,give,give up,放弃,give in,屈服,give out,用尽；分发,give away,泄露；赠送；颁发,give off,发出,give back,归还；使恢复,13,go,go against,违背；对,不利,go ahead,开始，进展，进行,go after/for,追逐，追求,go without,勉强维持；凑合,go in for,爱好；参加；从事,go through,通过；经历,go over,复习；仔细审查,go by,过去；经过,14,hold,hold back,隐瞒；控制,(,情感,),hold out,维持；抵抗；硬撑,hold up,使,耽搁,hold on,坚持；别挂,(,电话,)hold together,团结一致,hold on to,保留，抓住不放,15,keep,keep away(from),使远离,keep back,扣除；隐瞒不讲,keep off,避开；不理睬,keep on,继续,keep out,挡在外边,keep up,保持，不低落；持续；继续,keep up with,跟上,16,look,look out,当心,look on,旁观,look up,向上看；查阅；形势好转,look down upon,看不起,look forward to,盼望,look through,浏览；温习,look into,调查；向内看,look over,检阅；逐一检查,17,make,make good/full use of.,充分利用,make up,编造；组成；构成；补齐，凑足,make up for,补偿，弥补,make out,辨认出,make sense,有道理,(,意义,),，讲得通,make fun of,取笑,make up one,s mind,下定决心,18,put,put aside,把,放在一边,put away,把,收好,put down,扑灭，平息,put forward,提出,put off,延期；推诿,put out,扑灭；生产,put up,挂起，张贴；搭起；为某人提供食宿,put up with,忍受，容忍,19,set,set off,出发；引爆 引起；激发,set out,开始；动身,set up,建立,set about doing.,着手,，开始,set in,开始，到来,set aside,留出,set down,下车；写下；放下,20,take,take in,吸引，欺骗,take for,误认为,take up,占据，从事，拿起,take off,起飞；脱下；休假；走红,take after,像,take along,随身携带,take charge,负责，掌管,take on,呈现，雇用,take over,接管；接任,take.for granted,想,当然,take pride in,以,为豪,take away,带走，拿走,take out,拿出,21,turn,turn down,拒绝，调低,turn in,上交,turn out,结果是；证明是,turn over,移交，交给,turn up,出现；调高,turn off,关掉,turn on,打开,turn away,走开,turn to,求助于；翻到,1,(2009,年天津卷,)Don,t worry if you don,t understand everything.The teacher will_the main points at the end.,A,recover B,review,C,require D,remember,【,解析,】,句意为：如果你不全懂，别担心。老师会在结束前回顾要点的。,review,回顾，再检查，观察，复习，检阅,(,军队,),，评审,(,新书等,),，写评论，写回忆录，,【,律,】,复审recover,：,return to a normal state of health,，,mind or strength,恢复,(,健康，精神，体力,),，找回，重获,(,丢失物,),；,require,需要，有赖于，规定，要求；,remember,记得，想起，回忆。,【,答案,】,B,2,(2009,年全国卷,)Encourage your children to try new things,，,but try not to_them too hard.,A,draw B,strike,C,rush D,push,【,解析,】,句意为：鼓励你的孩子去尝试新的东西，但尽量不要弄得太难。本题考查的是动词词义辨析。,push,推，挤，逼迫；,draw,画，拖，取出；,strike,罢工，袭击，打，折磨，发现，敲响；,rush,冲，仓促从事，突袭。,【,答案,】,D,3.(2009,年福建卷,)We are at your service.Don,t_to turn to us if you have any further problems.,A,beg B,hesitate,C,desire D,seek,【,解析,】,句意为：我们愿意为你效劳。如果你还有什么问题尽管找我们。,beg,祈求；,desire,：,wish for(sth.),，,want,希望得到,(,某物),，想要；,seek to do sth.,try to do sth.,努力做某事。,hesitate to do,意为：,be reluctant to do,不情愿做。又如：,Don,t hesitate to tell us if you have a problem.,你有问题就直截了当地告诉我们。,【,答案,】,B,4.(2009,年浙江卷,)The good thing about children is that they_very easily to new environments.,A,adapt B,appeal,C,attach D,apply,【,解析,】,句意为：作为孩子的好处是他们很容易适应新环境。,adapt to,为固定短语，意为,“,适应,”,。,【,答案,】,A,5.(2009,年浙江卷,)Practising Chinese kung fu can not only_one,s strength,，,but also develop one,s character.,A,bring up B,take up,C,build up D,pull up,【,解析,】,句意为：练中国功夫不仅可以增强体力，而且能够培养一个人的性格。,build up one,s strength,为固定短语，意为,“,增强某人的力量,”,。,bring up,抚养，呕吐；,take up,从事，占据；,pull up,阻止，拔起。,【,答案,】,C,6,(2009,年安徽卷,)Just as Professor Scotti often_it,，,success is ninety,nine percent mental attitude.,A,gets B,makes,C,puts D,means,【,解析,】,句意为：正如,Scotti,教授所说的，成功是百分之九十九的内心的态度。,as sb.puts it,意为,“,正如某人所说的,”,。,【,答案,】,C,7,(2009,年天津卷,),Sorry,，,I have to_now.It,s time for class.,OK,，,I,ll call back later.,A,hang up B,break up,C,give up D,hold up,【,解析,】,句意为：,对不起，现在我得挂断电话了。该上课了。,好吧，等会儿我再打回去。,hang up,：,end a telephone conversation by cutting the connection,猛地挂断，中止,(,与某人的,),电话交谈；,break up,：,(of a gathering)disband,，,end(,集会,),结束，解散；,(of a couple in a relationship)part company(,恋爱或婚姻中的男女,),分手；,start laughing uncontrollably,爆发大笑；,give up,放弃，认输，猜不出，交出，自首，泄露；,hold up,举起，支持，支撑，拦住，耽搁，抢劫。,【,答案,】,A,8,(2009,年安徽卷,)We tried to find a table for seven,，,but they were all_.,A,given away B,kept away,C,taken up D,used up,【,解析,】,句意为：我们想找一张七个人坐的桌子，但桌子全都有人了。,give away,出卖，赠送；keep away,远离；,take up,占据；,use up,用光。,【,答案,】,C,9.(2009,年山东卷,),Do you have enough to_all your daily expenses?,Oh yes,，,enough and to spare.,A,cover B,spend,C,fill D,offer,【,解析,】,句意为：,你有足够用以支付日常费用的钱吗？,是的，足够并且还有节余。,cover(,指钱,),够,(,某事物,),用。如：,10 pounds will cover our petrol for the journey.10,英镑就足够支付我们旅行的汽油费。,The firm barely,covers(its)costs,；,it hasn,t made a profit for years.,该公司几乎入不敷出，已经多年没有盈利了。,spend,花费；,fill,填充；,offer,主动提供。,【,答案,】,A,10,(2009,年山东卷,)Amy joined a painting group but didn,t seem to_,，,so she left.,A,show off B,go up,C,fit in D,come over,【,解析,】,句意为：艾米参加了绘画小组，但好像不适应，所以离开了。,show off,炫耀；,go up,上升，上涨，增长；,fit in,融入,(,群体,),，相协调；,come over,过来。,【,答案,】,C,1,(2010,届南昌二中期中测试,)She_her younger sister in appearance but not in character.,A,looks B,compares,C,equals D,resembles,【,解析,】,句意为：她的长相像她的妹妹，但是性格不同。,resemble,表示,“,相似，像,”,。如果选择,A,项，需要在后面加上,like,。,【,答案,】,D,2.(2009,年济南模拟,)Last Sunday a few of us arranged to meet in town,，,but Jenny didn,t_.,A,turn up B,give up,C,make up D,take up,【,解析,】,考查动词词组辨析。,turn up,意思是,“,出现；露面,”,，符合题意。句意为：上周日我们几个约好了在镇上见面，可是,Jenny,没有露面。,【,答案,】,A,2,(2010,届襄樊五中期中测试,)Evidence obtained from observation and experiment is often used,to_a,scientific theory.,A,confirm Bclaim,C,conclude D,calculate,【,解析,】,考查动词辨析。,confirm,证实；,claim,声称，断言；,conclude,得出结论；,calculate,计算，估计。依语意：由观察和实验得出的证据通常被用来证实科学理论，可知,A,项正确。,【,答案,】,A,3,(2010,届湖北黄石二中月考,)The little boy was so careless with his spelling that he often_letters from words.,A,left out B,left behind,C,left off D,let alone,【,解析,】,考查动词短语辨析。,leave out,遗漏；,leave behind,留下，遗留；,leave off,停止，中断；,let alone,更不用说。依据前面提及的,careless,可知，这里应该是将单词的字母遗漏了。,【,答案,】,A,4,(2010,届河北辛集中学调研考试,)I think Jack will_a good monitor,，,so I,d like to vote for him.,A,turn B,change,C,make D,elect,【,解析,】,考查动词辨析。此处,make,表示,“,成为,”,。假如选择,A,项，应该去掉句中的不定冠词,a,。,【答案,】,C,5,(2010,届河北正定中学月考,)All my pockets have been_but I can,t find my keys.,A,got through B,given out,C,gone through D,gone down,【,解析,】,考查动词短语辨析。句意为：我找遍了所有的口袋，但是没有发现钥匙。此处的,go through,表示,“,仔细检查；搜查,”,。,get through,表示,“,通过；到达,”,，,give out,表示,“,分发,”,，,go down,表示,“,下降,”,，都不符合语意。,【,答案,】,C,6,(2010,届孝感高中期中测试,)Teaching pronunciation class to a mixed group of learners can_a teacher with many challenging problems.,A,provide B,produce,C,present D,offer,【,解析,】,provide,，,present,，,offer,都有,“,提供,”,的意思。,provide,意思是,“,供给,(,某物,),”,；,present,则表示,“,呈现,(,某种状况,),，使经历,”,；,offer,构成,offer sb.sth.,或,offer sth.to sb.,的结构。,【,答案,】,C,7,(2010,年长春第一次调研,),Is your husband good at cleaning up the room?,Not very,，,but when it_cooking,，,he is much better than I am.,A,talks about B,refers to,C,comes to D,deals with,【,解析,】,考查动词短语。,“,When it comes to.,”,是常用句式，意思是,“,当谈及某事的时候,”,。,【,答案,】,C,8,(2010,年福建四地六校第三次联考,)Even if the treatment_,，,there,s still no magic pill for patients in the late stage of AIDS.,A,does B,uses,C,works D,helps,【,解析,】,考查动词辨析。,work,“,起作用，生效,”,，符合语意：尽管治疗起作用了，对于晚期的艾滋病患者来说还是没有什么特效药。,【,答案,】,C,9,(2010,年潍坊检测,)The government has agreed to pay the firms extra sums to_for their financial losses.,A,make up B,bring up,C,fill up D,look up,【,解析,】,考查动词短语辨析。句意为：政府已同意付给这些公司额外的款项来弥补他们的经济损失。,make up,弥补；,bring up,抚养；,fill up(,使,),充满；,look up,查找。,【,答案,】,A,10,(2010,年潍坊检测,)Faced with a problem,，,you have to_it first,，,and then try to find a solution.,A,resemble B,substitute,C,concentrate D,analyze,【,解析,】,考查动词辨析。句意为：面对问题，你必须先分析，然后尽力找出解决办法。,resemble,看起来像；,substitute,代替；,concentrate,集中,(,注意力,),；,analyze,分析。,【,答案,】,D,11,(2010,年皖南八校第二次联考,),How much did the guy_you to fix your 3G mobile phone?,I don,t remember,，,but it was quite a lot.,A,cost B,spend,C,charge D,take,【,解析,】,考查动词辨析。,charge,在此作动词用，是,“,索价,”,的意思。,charge sbsome money to do sth.,为做某事向某人索价。,【,答案,】,C,12,(2010,届江西师大附中,临川一中联考,)No one could_the failure of the experiment as everything went smoothly at first.,A,give an account for B,account for,C,take account of D,take into account,【,解析,】,考查动词短语辨析。,give an account for,叙述，说明；,account for,解释，说明,的原因；,take account of,和,take into account,的意思均为,“,考虑到，顾及,”,。,account for,符合语意。,【,答案,】,B,13,(2010,届江西师大附中,临川一中联考,),If we take a plane,，,we,ll of course have arrived in London by the next weekend.,Don,t be too sure.We should_the weather factor.What shall we do if it is foggy?,A,look for B,allow for,C,prepare for D,use for,【,解析,】,考查动词短语辨析。,look for,寻找；,allow for,考虑到；,prepare for,为,作准备；,use for,用做。,allow for,符合语意。,【,答案,】,B,14,(2010,年成都第一次诊断,)By playing with the native boys and girls,，,one can_a lot of their language.,A,pick up B,set up,C,build up D,put up,【,解析,】,考查动词短语辨析。,pick up(,偶然,),获得，捡起，用车搭载人，染上,(,坏习惯,),等。句意为：与本土的孩子们玩可以顺便学会他们的语言。,【,答案,】,A,15,(2010,年成都第一次诊断,)We were supposed to move into our new classroom building at the beginning of this month,，,but things,didn,t_as,planned.,A,work out B,carry out,C,move out D,get out,【,解析,】,考查动词短语辨析。,work out,成功地发展，计算。根据语意,“,按说我们在这个月初就会搬进新教学楼，但事情并不像计划的那样顺利,”,可知选,A,。,【,答案,】,A,