高三英语 阅读理解猜词技巧课件 新人教版 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Enjoy English,Enjoy life!,高考英语阅读解题,方法指导,猜词技巧,难度,How do you deal with the,unfamiliar,words or phrases,while,reading?,Ignore them and continue reading,Look them up in the dictionary,Guess the meaning,词义理解题常见的题型有,:,The,underlined word,(phrase,term)“”means _.,According to the passage,the word“”properly means,_.,The word,“”in paragraph,refers to,_.,By“”,the author,means,_.,Which,of the following is,closest in meaning to“”?,1.He,would _ the gold from his,grandma.,2.Unlike his brother,Hobart is quite _.,Guess the missing words,Harvey is a thief:he would _ the gold,from his grandma and not feel guilty.,steal,Unlike his brother,who is truly a handsome,person,Hobart is quite _.,ordinary-looking,plain/homely,Guessing unknown words/vocabulary,1.The lion has its,“territory”,which is an area that an animal,usually the male,claims,（声称）,as its own.,“territory”means _,an area(that-own),动物地盘,2.He is a,resolute,man.Once he makes up his,mind to do something,he wont give it up halfway.,The underlined word means_.,A.strong B.determined C.kind D.clever,定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释,技巧归纳,1:,Use _,利用,_,definition or explanation,定义或解释猜测词义,Signal words:,means,refers to,be called,be known as,can be defined as,in other,words,that is,that is to say,定语从句,.,etc.,Pruning,is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots(,嫩芽）,or young leaves of trees.,The word“,pruning,”means_,A.Regular cutting,（修剪）,of the plants,B.Frequent watering,C.Regular use of chemicals,D.Growing the plants high in the mountain,技巧归纳,2,：,Using_,根据,_,common sense or experience,普通常识和经验,技巧归纳,3:,利用,_,from_,2.,The period of,adolescence,the,period between childhood and adulthood,may be long or,short.,“adolescence”means_,The period between childhood and adulthood,同义,/,同位语,similarity/appositive,1.In fact,only about 80,ocelots,an endangered,wild cat,exist in the U.S.today,“,ocelot,”means _,an endangered wild cat,The,largest player Shanghai,Bashi,Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of,choices,such as,deluxe sedans,minivans,station wagons,coaches,.Santana sedans are the big,favorite of the tourists.,The words“,deluxe sedans,”“minivans”and“station wagons,”used in the text refer to _.,A.cars in the making B.car rental firms,C.cars for rent D.car makers,技巧归纳,4:,利用,_,举例,from examples,Signal words,：,for,example,，,for instance,，,such as,，,like,，,as-as,，,etc.,技巧归纳,5,：,利用,_,From_,1.,The snow was falling.Big,flake,s,drifted(,飘）,with the wind like feathers.,2.,Unlike her,gregarious,sister,Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new friends.,雪花，雪片,爱交际的,比较或对比,comparison or contrast,Signal words:,as,like,the same,as,，,unlike,but,，,however,on the contrary,while,insteadect,.,技巧归纳,6:,利用,_,From_,(1),Overwork,may cause diseases.,over,（过分的、过量的）,work,overwork“,工作过度”。,(2)There was a,dissatisfied,look in the managers eyes.,dis,“,不”,+satisfied“,满意的,=dissatisfied“,不满意的”。,构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）,Word formation,1.Is,he,intelligent,or stupid?,2.Most,women in Ghana-the educated and,illiterate,the urban and rural,the young and old-work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.Their reputation for economic independence,self-reliance,and hard work is well known and well deserved.,The underlined word“illiterate”in the passage means _A.Repeated,B,.reiterated.,C,uneducated,D,.sick,clever,技巧归纳,7:,利用,_,From_,同义词或反义词的关系猜词。,Synonym or Antonym.,I feel that since you are my superior,（上司）,it would be,presumptuous,of me to tell you what to do.”,The word“presumptuous”is closest in meaning to“,”.,A,full of respect,B,rude and too confident,C,lacking in experience,D,too shy and quiet,B,技巧归纳,8,：利用,_,From,_,原因与结果关系猜词,from Cause and Result,Signal words:,because,，,since,so,suchthat,sothat,ect,.,The official asked the man what his,occupation,was.The man told him that he worked as an engineer.,A.work B.study,C.name D.,interest,技巧归纳,9:,Use_利用,_,worked as an engineer.,context or related information,上下文的语境,More,practice.,Finish Exx.1 to 10,then discuss the answers with your group.,猜词技巧,Tips for guessing the meaning of words,1.,利用,定义或解释,2.,利用,普通常识和经验,3.,利用,同义,/,同位语,4.,利用,举例,5.,利用,比较或对比,6.,利用,构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）,7.,利用,同义词或反义词,8.,利用,原因与结果关系猜词,9.,利用,上下文的语境,1.,A,good teacher works in quite a different way.His,audience,take an active part in his play:they ask and answer questions,they obey orders,and if they dont understand something,they say so.,The word“audience”in the paragraph means _.,A.students,B.people who watch a play,C.people who act on the stage,D.people who listen to something,常识,teacher-students,2.When some kind of pain killer(,止痛药）,was brought out recently,researchers found that,the colours turned the customers off,because they made the product look weak and ineffective,（无效的）,.,The underlined part“the colours turned the customers off”means that the colours_,Attracted the customers strongly,Had weak effects on the customers,Tricked the customers into shopping,Caused the customers to lose interest,D,因果关系,because,3.,Collins decided that she must go,although the,hazards,of the trip were,many,for,example,the,unbearable heat,the,possibility of getting lost,the,presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes,.,“,hazard,”means _,A.pleasure,B.problem,C.danger,D.attraction,C,举例,for example,4.,In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players,they strongly blame competition.Among,the most vocal,are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society,The underlined phrase“,the most vocal,”means_,Those who try their best to win,Those who value competition most highly,Those who are against competition most strongly,Those who rely on others most for success,C,上下文语境,context or related information,5.Without,examinations,employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to,them,a,form of,favoritism,will replace equality.,The word,“favoritism,is used to describe the phenomenon that _.A.bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs B.children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs C.poor children with certificates are favored in job markets D.children attending ordinary schools achieve great success,破折号（定义或同位语）,6.,Grown-ups also have a sense of,object permanence,.That is to say,if we put a box in a room and lock the door,the box will still be there when we come back.,“Object permanence”means that when out of sight,an object _,Still exists B.keeps its shape,C.Still stays solid D.is beyond reach,A,1.,定义,definition,that is to say,也就是说,2.,构词法,permanent,permanence,7.A,childs birthday party doesnt have to be a,hassle,;,instead,it,can be a basket of fun,according to Beth,Anaclerio,an,Evaston,mother of two,ages 4 and 18 months.,What,does the underlined word,hassle“probably,mean?,A.a party designed by specialists,B.a plan requiring careful thought C.a situation causing difficulty or trouble D.a demand made by guests,比较,comparison,(instead,相反,反而,),8.William Shakespeare said.,“The web of our life is of a,mingled,yarn,（纱线），,good and ill together.”,The underlined word“mingled”,most probably means,.,A,simple B,mixed,C,sad D,happy,B,definition or explanation,定义或解释猜测词义9.The,house looked quite normal outside,but inside it was very,exotic,with fascinating objects on display.As he began putting them into his bag,a god came into the room.It stopped when it saw Buster,then wagged its tail madly and went over to him,licking his outstretched hand.“Good boy,”Buster whispered.“What a great guard dog you are-trying to lick me to death.”,Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word“exotic”,?,A Messy and untidy.,B.Rich and expensive.,C.Comfortable and calming,D.,Unusual and foreign.,对比,contrast,normalbut-unusual,10.,Lions,are,opportunists,.They prefer to eat without having to do too much work.When resting in the shade,they are also watching the sky to see what is flying by,and even in the heat of the day they will suddenly start up and run a mile across the plains to find out what is going on.If another animal has made a kill,they will drive it off and take the kill for themselves.,By describing lions as“,opportunists,”,the author means to say that lions _.,A.are cruel animals,B.are clever animals,C.Like to take advantage,of,（利用）,other animals,D.Like to take every chance to eat,构词法及下文解释,opportunity-ist,Optional exercises,（选做题）,11.He,had been getting better but during the,night,his condition,deteriorated,.,Get worse,12.The,animal with the,longevity,is the giant land tortoise which can live several hundreds years.,长寿,13.They,are,vertebrates,that,is,animals,have,backbones.,文中“,vertebrates”,的意思是,_,脊椎动物,14.,She did not hear what you said because she was completely,engrossed,in her reading.,concentrate/focus her attention on,15.,But sometimes,，,no rain falls for a long,，,long time.Then there is a dry period,，,or,drought,.,A long period of shortage of rainfall,16.Do you have any strong opinion on,co-educational,or single-sex schools?,co,共同的）,-education-al,男女同校教育的,17.,Those new comers were not used to the life in the,suburbs,which was so different from that inside the city.,country,Ex2:,“The Dave you saw on TV was the real Dave,”says friend Pat Williams,“He wasnt a great actor or a great speaker.,He was just Joe,Everybody,.”,74.“He was just Joe Everybody.”(in the last paragraph)means _.,A.Dave was famous,B.Dave was ordinary,C.Dave was showy,D.Dave was shy,Ex3:And,if youve gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family atmosphere(,气氛,),you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of,conflict,you grew up with-or destroy the nice atmosphere you now enjoy,The,underlined word conflict,means,_.,dependent life,fierce fight,C,.bad manners,D.painful feeling,Ex.4:Provide,incentive,.Tell your children the importance of saving.“For every dollar he or she agrees to save and invest rather than spend,you agree to add another dollar to the pot,”says Cathy Pareto,expert in money planning.,The underlined word“incentive”in this paragraph means _.,A Honor B.praise,C.excitement D.encouragement,Here is,The Pines,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou,wild boar,and reindeer with surprising sauces.,（,2004,年福建卷）,According to the passage,The Pines is a.,A,place in which you can see many mobile homes,B,mountain where you can get a good view of the valley,C,town which happens to be near the Banff National Park,D,restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food,Ex.5:,Those new comers were not used to the life in the,suburbs,which was so different from that inside the city.,A.town B.capital,C.country D.house,the city,1.Do you have any strong opinion on,co-educational,or single-sex schools?,2.,Marry,Cassatt,gave up her social position and all thought of a husband and a family,which in those times was,unthinkable,for a young lady.,3.,Finally,renewable,energy sources are used even though they are often expensive to develop.,co-education-al,男女同校教育的,un-think-able,不可思议的,re-new-able,可更新的,可再生的,practice,Practice,Mark Twain was not the authors real name;it was a,pseudonym,.,2.But sometimes,，,no rain falls for a long,，,long time.Then there is a dry period,，,or,drought,.,a pen name.,A long period of shortage of rainfall,The house stood at the end of a quiet neat street.The little,dwelling,however,looked neglected and cheerless.,