备战2016高考英语复习-语法填空解题技巧.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,备战高考之语法填空解题技巧,Revision,Rational Cloze,Can you fly like a bird?No，Its,（possible）,impossible,Step1 Lead-in,语法填空（,2015,年高考）,阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（,1,个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。,The adobe dwellings(,土坯房）,_61_(build)by the Pueblo Indiansof the American Southwest are admired by even _62_ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _63_(able)to“air condition”a house without _64_,（,use,）,exectic equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_65_slow,）,during cool nights,，,thus warning the house.When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _,66 _,(cool)the house during the hot day:_,67,_ the same time,they warm up again for the night This cycle _,68,_(go)day after day:The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset,（抵消）,for the outside temperatures.As _,69_,(nature)architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_,70,_thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.,纯空格类,提示词类,年份,2014,2015,命题趋势,课标全国,I,课标全国,课标全国,I,课标全国,题材,夹叙夹议文,记叙文,游记,说明文,设空方式都是有提示词,(7),，无提示词,(3),。有提示词的空大多是动词的时态和非谓语动词以及词性转换。无提示词的空以考查连词、介词、代词和冠词为主。,考查点,动词,(2),，词性转换,(3),，名词,(1),，连词,(2),，冠词,(1),，形容词与副词,(1),动词,(5),，词性转换,(2),，连词,(1),，介词,(1),，代词,(1),动词,(4),，词性转换,(1),，名词,(1),，连词,(1),，形容词与副词,(1),，代词,(1),，介词,(1),动词,(4),，词性转换,(3),，连词,(1),，冠词,(1),，介词,(1),考查,方式,有提示词,(7),，无提示词,(3),有提示词,(7),，无提示词,(3),有提示词,(7),，无提示词,(3),有提示词,(7),，无提示词,(3),1,、语法填空主要考查哪方面的内容,?,2,、语法填空命题特点是什么,?,语法和词汇（考试重点,）,上下文连贯性（语境）,10,1.5,15,10,200,1,？,共,10,个小题,每题,1.5,分,满分,15,分,须在,10,分钟内完成,短文长度,200,词左右,每格不一定,1,个词,（特别是谓语或非谓语动词形式,）,Step 2 test points and features,10,空,6-7,空,（有提示词）,3-4,空,（无提示词）,动词,名词,单复数,形容词,/,副词,：,比较级、最高级,词性转换,1.,动词变名词、形容词,2.,名词变形容,3.,形容词与副词的互换,连词（并列句）：,and,but,or,引导词（从句）：,who,that,what,代词：,they,him,our,themselves,介词：,in,on,to,for,冠词：,a/an,the,连接性副词：,however,therefore,谓语,:,时态，语态,主谓一致,非谓语动,:-ing,，,-ed,，,to do,Test points(考点)：,考点规律,:,1.,动词是必考点，一定会同时考察谓语和非谓语。,2.,冠词 代词 介词 词性转换是必考点。,3.,连接词中，定从连接词考频最高。,4.,形容词比较级是高考频点。,3.,考点规律,:,1,、快速浏览全文，把握文章大意 写作意图和总体时态；,2,、分析句子结构,-,主谓结构,;,确定词,性，,3,、根据上下文把握空格意思。,Step3,.,语法填空题,解题步骤,一、给出动词的解题技巧,1.The exam,which was originally to be held in our classroom,_(change)to the library at the last minute.,2.(2015,全国卷,),This cycle _(go)every day,当括号内提供的是动词时，主要判断其是,谓语,还,是非谓语。,技巧,1,：如果句子缺,谓语,时，则填谓语动词，首先要判断其,时态、语态和主谓一致,。,was changed,goes,Step4,Practice and discussion.,语法填空解题技巧,3.With the problem _(solve),I felt proud of my achievement.,4.,（,2015,全国）,what makes them admirable is their ability to“air condition”a house without _ _,（,use,）,morden equipment.,using,应试策略,solved,技巧,2,：当句子主干有谓语则可能考查的,是非谓语形式,，则要判断是,V-ing,形式、,V-ed,形式和动词不定式。,V-ing,形式表,主动，进行 或介词后,V-ed,形式表,被动，完成,To do,形式表,主动，将来,，也作,目的状语、结果状语及形容词后的状语,非谓语,词类转换题要先确定,给出的单词,在句中充当,什么,成分。,再用正确的单词形式补充完整，,二、,词性转换,试题的解题技巧,技巧一：作表语,（,在系动词之后,）,，定语,（修饰名词）,或宾补（,表性质,/,状态,），通常用形容词形式,he is _(help)to others.,Mr.Wang is a _(fun)teacher,.,helpful,形容词,+,名词,be+,形容词,funny,词类转换题,技巧二：,作主语，在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式；,在形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后，用名词形式。,Thank you for giving us so many good _(suggest).,2.John Snow was able to announce with _(certain).,3.,（,2015,全国）,what makes them admirable is their _ _,（,able,）,to“air condition”a house without using morden equipment.,certainty,suggestions,ability,词类转换题,技巧三：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式,_(sad)the library had moved from its original place into another building.,(2015,年高考,)Walls made of adobe(,土坯房）,take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_,（,slow,）,during cool nights.,Sadly,slowly,副词,+,动词,give out,副词,+,句子,词类转换题,技巧四：,有可能是词义转换题，词类不用变，主要是考察具有,与词根意义相反的派生词,，根据句子意思需要，在词根前加,un-,，,im-dis-,等，在词根后加,-less,等使句子前后逻辑意义通顺。,1.His bad health is a great _(advantage)to him.,2.He is very _(lucky),he never wins anything.,disadvantage,unlucky,词类转换题,技巧五,：,当所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，往往要求写出形容词或副词的比较级或最高级形式。,例,1,：,-These oranges are only a dollar.,-Well,they are _(cheap)than others,but they dont look as good.,例,2.Shanghai is one of the _(large),cities in the word.,cheaper,largest,三,、,无提示词：主要填写如下四种词。,冠词：,the,a,an,一般位于名词前,介词：,to,of,in,on,at,with,as,for,等，要熟记各种搭配，如：,play an important part,in,make full use,of,be covered,with,等,连词：,and,but,以及各种从句的连接词,一些句型中：如强调句,代词：,it,I/me,You/you,He/him/his,She/her,nothing,everybody,oneself,等，要看句中缺什么成份。,例,1.(201,5全国,高考,),_ the same time,they warm up again for the night,.,例,2.(2010,广东高考,)He asked his teacher,Sir,the water was awful.Why did you pretend to like _”,例,3.It is the doll _ my sister loved most and wanted so much this Christmas.,At,it,that,词类转化题巩固练习,1.“Thirty-five cents,”she said _(rude).,2.,（,2012,全国,26,）,The result is not very important to us,but if we do win,then so much,the _(good).,3._ (fortunate),I then noticed that I had just only 10 minutes left.!,4.As far as I am concerned,my _(suggest)is that we should always have a notebook.,rudely,suggestion,Unfortunately,better,Step5 s,ummary,语法填空解题技巧：,一,.,动词解题技巧,:1.,时态,语态,主谓一致,),2.,非谓语,(V-ing,V-ed,to do,）,二,.,词类转换解题技巧。,1.,在句中作定语或表语的，用形容词,2.,在句中作主语或宾语的，用名词,;,在形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后用名词。,3,修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式,4.,根据句意需要，加前缀或者后缀,5.,根据句意，使用形容词、副词的比较级或最高级,.,summary,词类转换,解题技巧,在句中作定语或表语的，用形容词,在句中作状语的，用副词,在句中作主语或宾语的，用名词,在形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后用名词。,根据句意需要，加前缀或者后缀,根据句意，考虑使用形容词、副词的比较级或最高级,动词解题技巧,非谓语动词：,V-ing,，,V-ed,，,to do,谓语：时态，语态，主谓一致,Step5,summary,How to do grammatical fillingsSteps:1.,Look through,the whole passage to get a general idea.,2.Deal with the,simple ones,first,such as those fixed patterns or the ones giving certain words.,3.When coming across difficult ones,just,leave till the end,.,4.,Check,what you have filled in the blanks and deal with the blanks you missed just now.,10 minutes,根据语义,确定词,形,分析句子,确定词,性,通读全文,理解大意,检查搭配,前后连贯,语法,+,语境,学生易犯错误,:,1,题号错位。,2,，书写不清楚，单词中间作涂改。,3,，首字母大小写不分。,4,，单词拼写残缺或多余。,5,，构词法不熟（,名词、动词、形容词相互转换，以,e/le,结尾的形容词转化为副词,）,6,，动词时态，语态，主谓一致，及非谓语动词。,（,2015,年全国高考题）,阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（,1,个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。,The adobe dwellings(,土坯房）,_61_(build)by the Pueblo Indiansof the American Southwest are admired by even _62_ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _63_(able)to“air condition”a house without _64_,（,use,）,exectic equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_65_,（,slow,）,during cool nights,，,thus warning the house.When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _,66 _,(cool)the house during the hot day:_,67,_ the same time,they warm up again for the night This cycle _,68,_(go)day after day:The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset,（抵消）,for the outside temperatures.As _,69_,(nature)architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_,70,_thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.,built,过去分词作定语,how,最高级前用定冠词,ability,their+,名词,using,介词,+,动名词,Slowly,副词,+,动词,give out,to cool,形,+enough+,不定式,at,短语,at the same time,goes,一般现在时,natural,形容词作定语,+,名词,the,连词，连接宾语从句,Step6 Homework,（,Finish the folowing exersice.,）,Success ahead!,Thank you!,