高考英语第一轮基础专题复习课件5 北师大版 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,五、动词及短语动词,1.,（,2009,全国,，,15,）,If you leave the,club,you,will not be,back in.,A.received,B.admitted,C.turned,D.moved,解析,由句意“如果你离开了俱乐部，就不允许,再回去了”可知应用,admit,，指“允许进入”。,B,2.,（,2009,全国,，,32,）,Encourage your children,to try new,things,but,try not to,them,too hardA.draw,B.strike,C.rush,D.push,解析,句意为：鼓励你的孩子们尝试新的东西。,但尽量不要太过分。,draw,拉；,strike,敲，打；,rush,冲，均不合题意。,push,向前推，符合题意。,D,3.,（,2009,四川，,5,）,Have you,?,No.I,had the wrong number.,A.got,in,B.got,away,C.got,off,D.got,through,解析,根据答句可知此处应用,D,项，意为“打通电,话”。,A,项意为“进入；收获”；,B,项意为“逃离”；,C,项意为“下车”。,D,4.,（,2009,天津，,6,）,Sorry,I,have to,now.,Its time for class.,OK,Ill,call back later.,A.hang,up,B.break,up,C.give,up,D.hold,up,解析,hang up,挂断电话；,break up,分解，分,裂；拆散；,give up,放弃；,hold up,支撑；耽搁。,由语境中出现的,call back later,可知，此处应,选择与打电话有关的短语。,A,5.,（,2009,天津，,8,）,Dont worry if you dont,understand,everything.The,teacher will,the main points at the end.,A.recover,B.review,C.require,D.remember,解析,recover,恢复；,review,复习，回顾；,require,要求，需要；,remember,记得；想,起。句意为：如果你没理解所有知识的话，不用,担心。老师会在结束时把重要的知识点再回顾一,下。,B,6.,（,2009,安徽，,25,）,Just as Professor,Scotti,often,it,success,is ninety-nine,percent mental attitude.,A.gets,B.makes,C.puts,D.means,解析,句意为：就像,Scotti,教授常说的那样，成,功是由,99%,的心态决定的。,get,获得；,make,制造；,mean,打算；意味着，均不合题意。,C,7.,（,2009,安徽，,33,）,We tried to find a table for,seven,but,they were all,.,A.given,away,B.kept,away,C.taken,up,D.used,up,解析,句意为：我们想要找到一个七人餐桌，但,它们都被占用了。,give away,泄露；分发；,keep,away,使离开；,use up,用尽，均不合题意。,take,up,占据，符合题意。,C,8.,（,2009,山东，,26,）,Do you have enough to,all your daily expenses?,Oh,yes,enough,and to spare.,A.cover,B.spend,C.fill,D.offer,解析,cover,在此处意为“支付；够,之用”。问,句句意为：你有足够的钱来支付日常开销吗？,A,9.,（,2009,山东，,31,）,Amy joined a painting group,but didnt seem to,so she left.,A.show,off,B.go,up,C.fit,in,D.come,over,解析,句意为Amy,参加了一个绘画班，但是好,像不适应，所以她就退出了。,show off,炫耀；,go,up,上升；,fit in,适应；,come over,来访。,C,10.,（,2009,江西，,30,）,It is reported that the,police will soon,the case of the two,missing children.,A.look,upon,B.look,after,C.look,into,D.look,out,解析,句意为：据报道警察很快将着手调查两个,孩子失踪那个案件。,look into,意为“调查，检,查”，符合句意。,look upon,意为“旁观”,;look,after,意为“照顾，照料，管理”,;look out,意为,“向外看”，均不合题意。,C,11.,（,2009,江苏，,24,）,Im surprised to hear,that Sue and Paul have,.,So am,I.They,seemed very happy,together when I last saw them.,A.broken,up,B.finished,up,C.divided,up,D.closed,up,解析,break up,拆散；分开；（关系）破裂；,finish up,完成；吃光；杀死；毁掉；,divide,up,瓜分；分配；,close up,靠近；愈合；关闭。,上句句意为：听到,Sue,和,Paul,分手了，我很惊讶。,A,12.,（,2009,湖北，,21,）,Would you please,the paper for me and see if there are any,obvious mistakes?,A.look,around,B.look,into,C.look,up,D.look,through,解析,look around/round,环顾，四下察看；,look into,调查,;,向,里面看；,look up,查阅；,抬头往上看；,look through,快速查看，浏览。,由后面的and see if there are any obvious,mistakes,可知，空格处应表示“快速看一下”。,13.,（,2009,湖北，,22,）,During the war there was,a serious lack of,food.It,was not unusual,that even the wealthy families had to,bread for days.,A.eat,up,B.give,away,C.do,without,D.deal,with,解析,eat up,吃光，吃完；,give away,捐赠；分,发；失去；泄露；,do without,用作及物动词短,语时，意为“没有,也行；没有,而将,就”；用作不及物动词短语时，意为“将就；凑,合着过”。如：,he store hasnt any,bread,so,youll have to do without.,这个商,店里没有面包了，你只好将就一下了。,deal,with,处理；对付。由句中的,a serious lack of,food,可知,do without,符合句意。,C,14.,（,2009,湖北，,23,）,The loss has not yet been,accurately,but,it is believed to be well,beyond a hundred million dollars.,A.calculated,B.considered,C.completed,D.controlled,解析,calculate,此处意为“计算”。句意为：损,失还没有确切地计算出来，但人们相信它将远,远超出一亿美元。,consider,考虑；,complete,完,成；结束；,control,控制，三者均不符合句意。,A,15.,（,2009,湖北，,24,）,Some parents are just too,protective.They,want to,their kids,from every kind of,danger,real,or imagined.,A.spot,B.dismiss,C.shelter,D.distinguish,解析,dismiss,sb.from,sth,.,解雇某人；开除某,人；,shelter,sb.from,sth,.,保护某人免受,；,distinguish,sb.from,sb,.,把某人与,区别开,来；,spot,看见；发现，不与,from,连用。句意为：,有的父母保护性太强了。他们想保护自己的孩子,免受任何形式的危险的伤害，不管这种危险是真,实存在的还是想像的。,real or imagined,在句中,作状语。,C,高考高频动词用法,1.,可接双宾语的常用动词,（,1,）双宾语易位时需要借助介词,to,的常用动词,award(,授予,),bring(,带来,),hand(,递,),lend(,借,),，,mail(,邮寄,),，,offer(,提供,),，,owe(,欠,),，,pass(,递,),，,pay(,付钱,),，,post(,寄,),，,read(,读,),，,return(,归还,),，,send(,送,),，,sell,（卖），,show(,展示,),，,teach(,教,),，,tell(,告诉,),，,throw(,扔,),，,write(,写,),He brought me a good magazine.=He brought,a good magazine to,me.他给我带了一本好杂志,。,（,2,）双宾语易位时需借助介词,for,的常用动词,book(,预订,),buy(,购买,),，,choose(,选择,),，,cook(,煮,),，,draw,（画），,fetch(,去取,),，,find(,找到,),，,fix(,安装,),，,get(,取得，带来,),，,make(,做,),，,order(,订购,),，,prepare(,准备,),，,save(,节省,),，,sing(,唱,),，,spare(,留出,),My father bought me a new bicycle.=My father bought a new bicycle for me.,爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。,2.,可用于“动词,+,sb.+of,sth,.”,的常用动词,accuse(,控告,),，,cheat(,欺骗,),，,cure(,治愈,),，,inform(,通知,),，,remind(,提醒,),，,rid(,摆脱,),，,rob(,抢劫,),，,warn,（警告）,This photo reminds me of my school days.,这张照片让我想起了在学校的时光。,3.,可用于“动词,+,sb.+for,doing,sth,.”,的常用动词,blame(,指责,),，,criticise,(,批评,),，,forgive(,原谅,),，,excuse(,原谅,),，,pardon(,原谅,),，,punish(,惩罚,),，,scold(,指责,),，,thank(,感谢,),Forgive me for saying,so,but,I think thats nonsense.,请原谅我这么说，但我认为那是无稽之谈。,短语动词的构成,1.,动词,+,介词,这类短语动词相当于一个及物动词，其后必须有宾语，宾语只能放在介词后，在被动语态中，整个短语动词要作为整体对待，不可拆开或漏缺。,We must look into the matter immediately.,我们必须立即调查这个问题。,The shop was broken into by thieves last night.,昨天晚上有贼进入了这家商店。,常见的有,:speak,of,think,about,think,of,refer,to,stand,for,laugh,at,等。,2.,动词,+,副词,（,1,）及物动词,+,副词（宾语若是代词，则放在其中间）。,She picked it up.,她把它捡了起来。,常见的这类短语动词有,:work,out,cut,off,think,over,turn,on,turn,down,throw,away,等。,（,2,）不及物动词,+,副词,相当于一个不及物动词，无被动，也不可接宾语，常见的有：,break,out,break,down,come,out,give,in,look,out,grow,up,等。,3.,动词,+,名词,+,介词,Those houses were set fire to by the enemy soldiers.,敌人放火烧了那些房子。,No fault could be found with the paper.,这张试卷上没有任何错误。,常见的这类短语有：,catch sight of(,看见,),，,get rid of(,摆脱,),，,make use of(,利用,),，,make fun of(,取笑,),，,take hold of(,抓住,),，,take advantage of(,利用,),等。,4.,动词,+,副词,+,介词,相当于一个及物动词。,Please keep out of his affairs.,请不要管他的事。,常见的这类短语动词有,:catch up,with,look,down,on,date,back,to,put,up,with,go,in,for,run,out of,等。,近义动词易错点,I will ask for leave to call on you tomorrow if you can,me the time.,A.Share,B.save,C.Spend,Dspare,英语中表示“花费”有许多种表达方法，不同的表达意义不同，所用的句型也可能不相同。对于该类考查易混词语辨析的题目，考生首先要弄清楚选项中每个动词的意义和用法，然后在具体的语境中确定正确的答案。,【,解题探究,】D,。,share,分享；,save,节省；,spend,花费；,spare,匀出，抽出。句意为：如果你能够抽出时间的话，明天我请假去拜访你。故正确答案为,D,。,多义词易错点,The book is helpful as it,many of the problems we have come across in our study.,A.Covers,B.refers,CReports,D.improves,一些词义比较多的动词往往也会成为高考的热点，因此对于考纲中一些意义较多的词语考生一定要引起重视，特别要注意一下它们那些不太常用的意思，防止高考考查“熟词生义”。,【,解题探究,】A,。一看到,cover,考生马上会想到“覆 盖”的意思，可是要注意它还有“包括；涉及；报道”等意思；,refer,常与,to,连用表示“谈到，提及”；,report,意为“报道”；,improve,意为“提高，改进”。由句意可知正确答案为,A,。,同一动词构成的短语易错点,Mrs.Black,told her children to,for bones when they were eating fish.,A.look,on,B.look,into,C.look,up,D.look,out,每年高考都有许多考查由同一动词构成的不同的动词短语，如,look,短语、,take,短语、,make,短语、,put,短语、,get,短语、,come,短语等。对于该类题目考生容易混淆其意思，因此，考生一定要知道这些短语的意思和用法，然后根据句子的意思来确定正确的答案。,【,解题探究,】D,。,look into,意为“往,里面看；调查”；,look up,意为“抬头看；查阅”；,look on,意为“呈现”；,look out for,意为“小心,当心,”,。句意为：布朗太太告诉她的孩子们在吃鱼时要小心鱼刺。故正确答案为,D,。,同一介、副词构成的短语动词易错点,Dont worry about your,luggage.It,has been,and will be here soon.,A.asked,for,B.looked,for,C.sent,for,D.cared,for,“动词,+,小品词（介词或副词，如,up,down,for,out,into,等）”这样的短语动词也是高考考查的热点之一。把与某一介词或副词相关的短语归纳到一起，并熟记它们的意思和用法，是解答该类题目的关键。,【,解题探究,】C,。,send for,意为“请某人来（帮忙等）；让人带来（或送来）某物”；,ask for,意为“说要找（某人）；问到（某处）的路”；,look for,意为“寻找”；,care for,意为“照顾，照料”。句意为：不要担心你的行李，已经派人去取了，很快就会到。,短语动词在具体语境中的易错点,She gets three weeks of,vacation,but,has before the year is half over.,A.given,it out,B.taken,it up,C.used,it up,D.run,it out,考查动词短语在具体语境中的用法也是高考考查动词的热点之一。对于该类题目考生首先要弄清楚句子的意思，然后从选项中确定符合句子意思的答案，做题时还应该注意动词（短语）的及物与不及物的区别。,【,解题探究,】C,。句意为,:,她有三周的假期，但是不到半年她就用光了。选项中,use up,和,run out,都有“用光”的意思。,run out,是不及物动词短语，,use up,是及物动词短语，故正确答案为,C,。如果,D,项改为,run out of it,也是正确答案。,1.,（,2009,杭州二次质检）,The students were,told to,their English before going,abroad.,A.give,up,B.use,up,C.polish,up,D.end,up解析,该题考查动词短语。,give up,放弃；,use,up,用光；,polish up,提高，改善；,end up,结束。,由语境“学生们被告知出国前要提高英语（水,平）”可知选,C,。,C,2.,（,2009,杭州二次质检）,If your car isnt,insured,you may,losing everything,when it hits something solid.,A.delayB.deny,C.avoidD.risk,解析,考查动词。,delay,耽搁；,deny,否认；,avoid,避免；,risk,冒险。句意为：如果你不给你的车入,保险，那么，当你的车发生碰撞后，你可能会冒,失去一切的危险。,D,3.,（,2009,杭州二次质检）,After a long,journey across the whole country from north,to south,they found themselves,as,well as their clothes.,A.picked outB.called out,C.caught outD.worn out,解析,考查动词短语。结合语境可知,D,项符合题,意，,wear out,既可指衣服、鞋等的磨损，又可,指人的精疲力竭。,D,4.,（,2009,金丽衢十二校二次联考）,Little Tom,you have to,your manners at your,uncles or I wont take you there.,A.watchB.mind,C.careD.notice,解析,mind your manners,意为“注意你的礼貌”。,B,5.,（,2009,金丽衢十二校二次联考）,Take care,during the holidays!Drinking too much can,heart disease and cause high blood,pressure.,A.contribute toB.relate to,C.attend toD.devote to,解析,考查动词短语。,contribute to,有助于，,对,起作用；导致，引起；,relate to,有关，,涉及；,attend to,专心，注意，照顾；,devote to,把,献给，为,付出（时间、精力等）。句,意为：过度饮酒可能引起心脏病和高血压。,A,6.,（,2009,济南二次统考）,With proper measures,the economy in China is beginning to,again.A.rise upB.hold on,C.pick upD.take on,解析,考查动词词组辨析。句意为：随着正确措施的,实施，中国的经济开始好转。,pick up,此处意为“好,转改善”。,C,7.,（,2009,潍坊市二次质检）,The couple,last year.They had lived together for,twenty years,though.,A.broke outB.broke away,C.broke upD.broke down,解析,考查动词短语。句意为：这对夫妻去年离,婚了，尽管他们一起生活了二十年。,break up,结,束；解散,;break down,毁掉，垮掉；,break out,爆,发；,break away,脱离。,C,8.,（,2009,潍坊市二次质检）,So Helen,are,we going for that Chinese meal you,promised me?,Well,I forgot to,so well have to do,French.,A.consultB.order,C.reserveD.confirm,解析,考查动词。句意为：我忘了预定了，我们,去吃法国菜吧。,reserve,预定（房间、座位等）；,consult,商量，商议；,order,命令；定购；,confirm,确定；批准。,C,9.,（,2009,潍坊市一次质检）,After a successful,operation,Catherine is beginning to,and,will soon come back to school.,A.pick upB.wake up,C.grow upD.show up,解析,考查动词短语。句意为：在一个成功的手,术后，,Catherine,开始恢复健康，不久就要重返学,校。,pick up,改善，好转；,wake up,醒来；,grow up,长大；,show up,露面。,A,10.,（,2009,潍坊市一次质检）,Jordans,performance,his teammates and they,finally beat the other team.,A.signaledB.promoted,C.opposedD.inspired,解析,考查动词。句意为：乔丹的表现激励了,他的队友们，他们最终击败了对手。,inspire,鼓,舞，激起；,signal,发信号；,oppose,反对；,promote,晋升。,D,11.,（,2009,青岛市二次质检）,This kind of,desk can be,to the height you need.,Besides,it is not expensive at all.,A.adoptedB.adjusted,C.addictedD.adapted,解析,考查动词辨析。句意为：这种桌子可以根,据你需要的高度而调整，而且一点也不贵。根据,句意，应选,B,项。,B,12.,（,2009,青岛市二次质检）,My mother,a bed in the sitting room for my cousins,from the countryside.,A.brought upB.took up,C.made upD.put up,解析,考查词组辨析。句意为：母亲在起居室,为从乡下来的我的堂兄们准备好了床铺。根据,语意应选,C,项。,C,13.,（,2009,青岛市一次质检）,The good,service at the hotel,the poor food to,some degree.,A.got rid ofB.got on with,C.made up forD.made up of,解析,考查动词短语。句意为：这家饭店的良好,的服务在一定程度上弥补了饭菜不好的不足。,make up for,弥补；,get rid of,除去，摆脱；,get,on with,继续做；,make up,组成。,C,14.,（,2009,日照市二次调研）,Why was,Professor Liu thundering in the classroom,yesterday?,A students interrupting his speech,the burst of his anger.,A.set upB.set out,C.set aboutD.set off,解析,考查动词短语辨析。句意为：一个学生打,断了他的话，这使他大发雷霆。,set up,建立，创,立；,set out,出发，开始；,set about,开始做（某,事）；,set off,引起；启程。选项,D,符合题意。,D,15.,（,2009,日照市二次调研）,Call me at,900.I cant afford to miss such a,conference.,Dont worry,sir.Youll surely be,.,A.remindedB.warned,C.informedD.remembered,解析,考查动词辨析。,remind,提醒，使想起；,warn,警告，告诫；,inform告诉，通知；,remember,记住，牢记。选项,A,符合题意。,A,16.,（,2008,烟台二次模拟）,The Korean TV,show,Rang-rang,18 ,young female,Chinese audiences.,A.fills outB.puts aside,C.corresponds toD.caters to,解析,考查动词词组的辨析。,cater to,表示“迎,合，投合”，即这部韩剧迎合了中国年轻女性观,众（的口味）。,fill out,表示“填写”,;put aside,表示“将,放在一边”；,correspond to,表示,“与,相符”。,D,17.,2008,烟台二次模拟）,The spacewalk,performed by Chinese astronaut Zhai,Zhigang,a major breakthrough in,Chinas space program.,A.predictsB.tells,C.marksD.declares,解析,考查动词在具体语境中的词义辨析。,predict,意思是“预言，预报”；,tell,意思,是“讲述，告诉”；,mark,意思是“标志着”；,declare,意思是“断言，宣称”。根据句意可知,C,项,正确。,C,18.,（,2008,济南市高三模拟）,I still havent,received my passport.,When did you,?,A.acquireB.apply,C.assessD.suspect,解析,考查动词辨析。根据题意可知，,B,项符合,语境。句意为：你是什么时候申请（护照）的？,B,19.,（,2008,济南市高三模拟）,Last Sunday a,few of us arranged to meet in town,but,Jenny didnt,.,A.turn upB.give up,C.make upD.take up,解析,考查动词词组辨析。,turn up,意思是“出,现；露面”，符合题意。句意为：上周日我们几,个约好了在镇上见面，可是,Jenny,没有露面。,A,20.,（,2008,烟台高三模块检测）,He made too,many mistakes in the exam.To,it,another way,he failed to pass the examination.A.putB.place,C.setD.speak,解析,考查动词。这里“,to put it another way”,是一个固定词组，表示“换句话说，用另一种方式,说”。,A,.,单项填空,（,2009,烟台高三模块检测）,After staying in,hospital for long,the patient was advised to,go to the seaside to,his health.,A.take upB.pick up,C.carry upD.make up,解析,考查动词词组辨析。句意为：在住院很长,时间后，医生建议病人到海边去恢复健康。,pick,up,有“恢复（健康等）”的意思，所以这里选,B,。,B,2.,（,2009,淄博市高三质检）,An award,was,to Professor Li Zhensheng for his great,achievements.,A.shownB.presented,C.offeredD.praised,解析,考查动词。,present an award,颁奖。,B,3.,（,2009,淄博市高三质检）,Im very lucky because,I have so many friends to,in case of trouble.A.deal withB.depend on,C.hold upD.look up,解析,考查动词短语。,to depend on,在句中作后置,定语，修饰,friends,表示“有那么多可以依赖的朋,友”。,deal with,处理，对付；,hold up,举起；阻碍；,look up,查阅；抬头看。,B,4.,（,2009,山东命题专家原创卷（一）,The best,method to,this goal is to unite as many,people as possible.,A.undertakeB.conduct,C.performD.accomplish,解析,考查动词。句意为：实现这个目标的最好,的方法是团结尽可能多的人。,undertake,担任，着,手；,conduct,带领；管理；,perform,执行；表演；,accomplish,完成，实现，显然答案为,D,项。,D,5.,（,2009,山东命题专家原创卷（一）,Hi,Carl.,Were going for a picnic.Would you like to,?,Great!Lets go.,A.come onB.come up,C.come aboutD.come along,解析,考查动词短语。,come along,跟随，跟着,来，符合语境“你愿意和我们一块去吗？”。故,D,项,为正确答案。,come on,快点；振作起来；,come up,走近；发生；,come about,发生；改变方向。,D,6.,（,2009,山东命题专家原创卷（二）,Chinas,biggest mobile operator,China Mobile,was,a license for TD-SCDMA,the,domestically-developed 3G standard.,A.awardedB.presented,C.rewardedD.permitted,解析,考查动词辨析。,award,表示“颁发”（奖品、,许可证等），一般搭配是,award sb.sth.,“,授予某,人某物”，因此用,award,符合题意。,A,7.,（,2009,山东命题专家原创卷（二）,While mini-books have become a big business,there are,few people who would know that the origin of,these books,the 15th century.,A.dated back toB.expected to,C.devoted toD.associated with,解析,考查动词短语辨析。,date back to,追溯,到,。根据句子意思“现在迷你书已经风行市,场，但却少有人知道这些书的历史竟可以追溯到,15,世纪。”可知选,A,。,associate with,表示,“与,有联系”，不符合语境。,A,8.,（,2009,福建质检）,If you dont bring a,birthday present to Lucy,you may,.,Thank you for reminding me.Surely Ill buy,her one this evening.,A.leave her aloneB.let her down,C.hold her backD.cheer her up,解析,考查动词短语。,let sb.down,意思是“让某,人失望”。句意为：如果你不给,Lucy,带生日礼,物，你可能会让她失望的。,leave sb.alone,不理,某人；,hold sb.back,阻止某人；,cheer sb.up,使,某人振奋。,B,9.,（,2009,沈阳二次质检）,To deal with the global,financial crisis,China has,a string of,forceful measures over the past months.,A.worked outB.found out,C.turned outD.made out,解析,考查动词词组辨析。句意为：为了应对全,球性金融危机，中国在过去几个月中已经制订出,一系列有力的措施。,work out,表示“制订,出，拟定”；,find out,表示“找出”；,turn out,表示,“证明是”；,make out,表示“起草；辨认出”。,A,项符,合语境。,A,10.,（,2009,苏锡常镇四市调查（二）,You neednt,add any explanation here because the,meaning of that word will be,very,clearly in the next paragraph.,A.picked outB.brought out,C.brought upD.looked up,解析,考查动词短语。根据句意可知，不用添,加解释的原因是在下文中这个词的含义会被讲,得很清楚。,bring out,阐明，符合题意。,pick,out,挑出来,;bring up,提出，抚养；,look up,抬头,看；查阅。,B,11.,（,2009,泰安高考模拟）,The novel“The Da,Vinci Code”,a great success and,was translated into 44 languages in 2004.,A.a