高中英语 Unit3 Grammar课件 新人教版必修2 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The Present Perfect Passive Voice,Unit 3 Grammar,Objective,To learn and use the present perfect passive voice.,语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。,Look at the following sentences,paying attention to the underlined part.,Over time I,have been changed,quite a lot.,First as a PC(personal computer)and then as a laptop,I,have been used,in offices and homes since the 1970s.,Over time my memory has developed so much that,like an elephant,I never forget anything I,have been told,!,Since the 1970s many new applications,have been found,for me.,I,have,also,been put,into robots and,used,to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.,I,have,even,been put,into space rockets and,sent,to explore the Moon and Mars.,现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去,到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。,现在完成时的被动语态,Understanding the structure of the present perfect passive voice,The structure of the present perfect passive voice is:,have/has+been+ed,主动语态即主语为动作的执行者；被,动语态即主语为动作的承受者。现在完,成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结,果，但主语为动作的承受者，表示“,已经被,”,。,The new school,has been set up,.,新学校已经建成了。,2.,现在完成时被动语态的肯定式为：,have/has+been+done,The experiment,has been done,successfully.,这个实验做得很成功。,现在完成时被动语态的否定式为：,have/has+not+been+done,Toms novel,has not been published,.,汤姆的小说还没有被出版。,现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句需将,have/has,提到主语的前面。,Has,his bike,been repaired,?,他的自行车修好了吗？,现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问句为：,疑问词,+have/has+been+done,Who,has been invited,?,谁受到了邀请？,现在完成时的被动语态表达以下两个,概念：,1.,说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。,2.,主语是行为动作的承受者。,现在完成时的被动语态由,have/has been,+v-ed,构成，其中,v-ed,为过去分词，,表示被动。,I,have been told,about it many times.,The bridge,has,just,been built,.,在使用现在完成时的被动语态时要,注意以下两点：,1.,过去分词前有两个助动词：,have/has,和,been,。,2.,必须表示被动。,注意,:,副词的位置,often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom,等副词置于,have/has,和,been,中,间。如,:,误,Such a man has been hardly,believed.,正,Such a man has,hardly,been,believed.,2.,并不是所有动词都有被动语态,happen,take place,break out,belong,to,cost,last,等不及物动词或词组无被,动语态。如：,误,Great changes have been taken,place in China since 1978.,正,Great changes have,taken place,in China since 1978.,(2)open,break,drop,等不强调动作发出,者时常用主动语态。,3.,短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词,或副词。如：,The patients,have been taken good care,of,.,1),把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。,(2),把谓语变成被动结构,(be+,过去分词,),(,根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定,be,的形式,),。,主动语态变被动语态的方法,(3),把主动语态中的主语放在介词,by,之,后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。,All the people laughed at him.,He was laughed at by all the people.,They make the bikes in the factory.,The bikes are made by them in the,factory.,(4)双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一,个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。,主动：,I have given him the key.,被动：,He has been given the key.,被动：,The key has been given(to)him.,(5),带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时，只,能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补保留,不动，改称主语补足语。,主动：,I have asked her to help you.,被动：,She has been asked to help you.,(1),误,Many new buildings been built,since 1980.,正Many new buildings have been,built since 1980.,分析,:,谓语部分结构不全,时态部分不完整。,试分析：,(2),误,Something bad has been,happened to him.,正,Something bad has happened to,him.,分析,:,被动语态误用。,happen,为不及物动,词，不及物动词没有被动语态。,(3),误,I have introduced to Mr.Smith.,正,I have been introduced to Mr.,Smith(by Mr.Wang).,分析,:introduce,为及物动词，,I,是,introduce,的承受者。,(4),误,The door has been opened of,itself.,正,The door has opened of itself.,分析,:,有些动词如,open,，,break,，,drop,等既可以作及物动词，又可以作不及物动词，若不强调谁是动作的发出者，我们通常用主动语态。,of itself,意思是“自动地”，因此，此句不可用被动语态。,Review,现在完成时的被动语态,肯定结构：,have/has+been+done,否定结构：,have/has+not+been+done,Individual activity,注,:,另附,word,文档。,点击此处链接,1.When and where to go for the on-,salary holiday _ yet.,A.are not decided,B.have not been decided,C.is not being decided,D.has not been decided,Quiz I:Multiple,choice.,2.Every possible means _ to,prevent the air pollution,but the,sky is still not clear.,A.is used,B.are used,C.has been used,D.have been used,3.All the preparations for the task,_ and were ready to start.,A.completed,B.complete,C.had been completed,D.have been completed,4._ the sports meet might be,put off.Yes,it all depends on the weather.,A.Ive been told,B.Ive told,C.Im told,D.I told,5.I got caught in the rain and my,suit _.(2007,北京,),A.has ruined,B.had ruined,C.has been ruined,D.had been ruined,6.In recent years many football clubs,_ as business to make a profit.,(2008,上海,),A.have run,B.have been run,C.had been run,D.will run,7.I like these English songs and they,_ many times on the radio.,(2008,安徽,),A.taught,B.have taught,C.are taught,D.have been taught,8.-Why does the Lake smell terrible?,-Because large quantities of water,_.(2009,福建,)A.have polluted,B.is being polluted,C.has been polluted,D.have been polluted,9.Every year a flood of farmers arrive,in Shenzhen for the money-making,jobs they _ before leaving their,hometowns.(2010,福建,),A.promised,B.were promised,C.have promised,D.have been promised,10.In the last few years thousands of,films _ all over the word.,(2011,天津,),A.have produced,B.have been produced,C.are producing,D.are being produced,Quiz II:,Turn the following into the,passive voice.,1.We have planted some trees around,the lake.,2.My father has locked the door.,3.Someone has turned off the light.,Some trees have been planted around the lake.,The light has been turned off.,The door has been locked.,4.I have finished my homework.,5.They have rebuilt the bridge.,6.He has repaired the machine for two hours.,The bridge has been rebuilt.,The machine has been repaired for two hours.,My homework has been finished.,Quiz III:,Put the Chinese into English,to complete the sentences.,1.You can see the house _,_(,未油漆,)for years.,2.How many workers _,(,已派遣,)to build the railway?,3.Why does Mary look so unhappy?She _(,被嘲笑,),by her classmates.,has not been,painted,have been sent,has been laughed at,4.It is said that the house _,_(,闯进了,)by two thieves.,5._ his views _(,受到批,判,)by them?,6.The two pens _,(,未被拿走,)by him.,7.This new type of computer _,_(,设计,)for teachers and,students.,Have,been criticized,have not been taken away,has been,designed,broken into,has been,Thank you!,