高中英语-Unit-1-Great-Scientists学时1高频单词课件-新人教版必修5.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,1,_,v,t,.,打败；战胜；使受挫,n,失败,2,_,v,t,.,照顾；护理；出席；参加,3,_,v,t,.,暴露；揭露；使曝光,4,_,n,治愈；痊愈,v,t,.,治愈；治疗,5,_,v,t,.,吸收；吸引；使专心,6,_,v,t,.,责备；谴责,n,过失；责备,7,_,n,柄；把手,v,t,.,处理；操纵,8,_,v,i,.&,n,连续；联系,9,_,v,t,.&,v,i,.,结束；推断出,_,n结论；结束,10,_,n,.,挑战,v,t,.,向,挑战,_,n,.,挑战者,11,_,v,t,.,怀疑,n,.,被怀疑者；嫌疑犯,_,n,.,怀疑,_,adj,.,有疑心的,12,_,v,t,.,预见；预知,_,v,.,预言,_,v,.,预报,13,_,v,t,.,污染；弄脏,_,n,.,污染,14,_,v,t,.,宣布；通告,_,n,.,通知；宣告,15,_,v,t,.,命令；指示；教导,_,n,.,教授；传授,_,n,.,指示；说明,16,_,v,t,.,建设；修建,_,n,.,建设；建筑物,17,_,v,t,.&,v,i,.,捐献；贡献；捐助,_,n,.,贡献,18,_,v,t,拒绝；不接受；抛弃,_,n,.,拒绝；抛弃,答案,1.defeat,2.attend,3.expose,4.cure,5.absorb,6.blame,7.handle,8.link,9.conclude,；,conclusion,10.challenge,；,challenger,11.suspect,；,suspicion,；,suspicious,12.foresee,；,foretell,；,forecast,13.pollute,；,pollution,14.announce,；,announcement,15.instruct,；,instruction,；,instructions,16.construct,；,construction,17.contribute,；,contribution,18.reject,；,rejection,【,典例填充,】,1,From the evidence I must_ _ you are wrong.,从证据看，我敢断定你错了。,答案,conclude that,2,_ _,，,I wish everyone a complete success,！最后，祝大家取得圆满成功！,答案,To conclude,3,I _ _ _ _that he was lying.,我看他是在说谎。,答案,came to the conclusion,【,即学即练,】,We have come to the,conclusion_the,company has been making great progress these months.,A,which,B,that,C,as D,What,答案,B,考点,2,absorb,vt,.,吸收；吸引；使专心；消减；理解；合并,【,课文如是,】,The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.(,课本,P2),absorb ones,attention吸引某人注意,be absorbed,in,专心于,，全神贯注于,be absorbed,by/into,被,吞并；被,吸收,【,典例填充,】,1,I was so _ _the book that I didnt hear you come in.,我出神地看这本书，连你进来也没听见。,答案,absorbed in,2,The surrounding villages have been _ _the growing city.,周围的村庄并入了日益扩展的城市。,答案,absorbed by,考点,3,attend,vt,.&vi.,出席；参加；照料；护理,【,课文如是,】,John Snow was a famous doctor in London,so expert,indeed,that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.(,课本,P2),attend,a meeting/a lecture/school,参加会议,/,报告,/,上学,attend,on/upon,sb.,伺候某人；照顾某人,attend,to,处理；注意；专心于；照料,【,比较网站,】,attend,，,join,，,join in,，,take part in,attend,指参加会议、婚礼、典礼、上学、上课、听报告等较为正式的场合。,join,指加入某一组织并成为其中一员。,join in,指参加活动，常用作,join(sb.)in,活动。,take part in,指参加某项活动并在其中起一定作用。,【,典例填充,】,1,His father suggested that he _a technical school.,他父亲建议他去上技校。,答案,attend,2,Mary has attended _her sick mother for years.,玛丽多年来一直照顾她有病的母亲。,答案,on,3,He has a lot of things to_ _.,他有很多事要处理。,答案,attend to,【即学即练,】,With two,children_college,in the nearby city,，,the parents have to work very hard to earn enough money to pay for their education.,A,attended B,attending,C,joined D,joining,解析,attend college,“,上大学,”,；此句中含有,with,复合结构，,children,与,attend,为主动关系，故用现在分词,attending,。而,join,表示加入当中成为其中的一员，不符合题意。,答案,B,考点,4,defeat,vt,.,打败；战胜,n.,失败,【,课文如是,】,John Snow defeats,“,King Cholera,”,(,课本,P2),【,比较网站,】,win,，,beat,，,defeat,win,的意思是,“,赢,”,、,“,获胜,”,、,“,得到成功,”,，作及物动词时，它的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财产、战争或运动等。,win,后不能接人,(,对手,),，如不说,win sb.,。,win the race/the battle/the war/a prize/the game/a medal/success/friendship/reward,赢得了赛跑,/,战斗,/,战争,/,奖品,/,比赛,/,奖牌,/,成功,/,友谊,/,奖赏,beat,也有,“,赢,”,、,“,取胜,”,、,“,战胜,”,之意，但跟,win,的用法不同，这个动词后面跟的是比赛、竞争中的对手或战争中的敌人。且,beat,还有连续敲打，,(,心脏,),跳动之意。过去式为,beat,，过去分词为,beaten,。,He was so nervous that he could feel his heart beating faster.,他如此紧张，以至于能感到自己的心跳加快了。,defeat,本来用于描述战争中打败敌人，现在可与,beat,换用，以表示击败对手。,He was badly defeated/beaten in the election.,他在选举中惨败。,【,典例填充,】,用,win,，,beat,，,defeat,填空,1,Listen!The rain,is_against,the window.,答案,beating,2,Our,team_the,game 8 to 7.,答案,won,3,You_me,in the race,，,but,Ill_you,at tennis.,答案,beat,；,defeated,【,即学即练,】,Zhang,Yining_Wang,Nan and won the gold medal in the 29th Olympic Games.,A,won B,defeat,C,beat D,hit,解析,“,击败对手,”,可用,beat,或,defeat,，但由,got,可知，空白处应用过去时，若选,B,，则应为,defeated,。,答案,C,考点,5,expose v.,暴露；揭露；使曝光,【,课文如是,】,But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(,课本,P2),【,概而括之,】,常与介词,to,连用，表示,“,使暴露于,(,日光、风雨等,),；受到风险使面临,”,的意思。,expose.,to,使,暴露于，把,暴露于,expose,sth./sb./oneself(,to,sth,.),显露或暴露某人,/,某事物,/,自己,be exposed,to,经受,，,暴露于,expose sb.,to,danger,使某人面临危险,【,典例填充,】,1,Keep indoors and dont _ _ _ _ _ _.,留在屋里，不要让皮肤在太阳下暴晒。,答案,expose your skin to the sun,2,He devoted himself to rescuing the injured,，,though he_ _ _many dangers.,他全心投入到营救伤员的工作中，尽管他置身于各种各样的危险之中。,答案,was exposed to,【,即学即练,】,_to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.,A,Exposed B,Having exposed,C,Being exposed D,After being exposed,解析,being exposed to sunlight for too much time,为,v,.,ing,短语作主语。,be exposed to,“,暴露于,”,。,答案,C,考点,6,blame,vt,责备，谴责，把,归咎于,n.,过失，责备,【,课文如是,】,It seemed that the water was to blame.(,课本,P2),【,概而括之,】,blame,作动词时，常用于,blame sb.for,sth,.,结构；,be to blame,中的不定式,to blame,为主动形式，但是表示被动意义，意思为,“,应当承担责任,”,。,blame sb.,for,sth,./doing,sth,.,因某事责备某人,/,责备某人做了某事,blame,sth,.,on,sb.,把某事归咎于某人,sb.be,to,_,blame,(for)(doing),sth,.,某人应,(,为,),承担责任，该,(,为,),受责,accept/bear/take the blame,for,sth,.,对某事负责任,put/play/lay the blame,for,sth,.on sb.,将某事归咎于某人,【,典例填充,】,1,_,如果不怪你，该怪谁呢？,答案,If you are not to blame,，,then who is?,2,_,我们愿对所发生的事负责。,答案,We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.,3,_,如果结果糟糕，她将会怪罪于我们。,答案,Shell put the blame on us if it turns out bad.,【,即学即练,】,His driver,，,_for the accident,，,had not been driving carefully.,A,blamed B,being blamed,C,to be blamed D,blaming,解析,考查过去分词。,blamed for the accident,是过去分词短语作后置定语，,blame,与所修饰词,driver,是动宾关系，因此用过去分词。,答案,A,考点,7,cure,vt,.,治疗,n.,治愈,【,课文如是,】,Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.(,课本,P2),a cure for,sth,.,治疗,的方法,cure sb.of,疾病名称 治愈某人的疾病,cure sb.of,不良行为 矫正某人的不良行为,【,比较网站,】,cure,，,treat,，,heal,，,recover,cure,治疗，治愈。多用于药物治疗，并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习惯。常用于,cure sb.of,sth,.,结构中。,treat,指治疗病人的全过程或活动，并不涉及,“,治愈,”,这个结果。常用于,treat sb.for,sth,.,结构中。,heal,指治好外伤或烧伤后的患部,(wound,，,cut,，,injury,，,burn etc.),，使伤口愈合；,heal,不能用来表示,“,感冒,”,等疾病的治愈。,recover,常与介词,from,连用，表示从病中痊愈了，恢复了健康。,【,典例填充,】,用,cure,，,treat,，,heal,和,recover,填空,1,The cut,soon_over,，,but it left a scar.,答案,healed,2,He,has_from,a bad cold.,答案,recovered,3,She,was_for,her cancer.,答案,treated,4,I hope the doctor,can_me,of the pain in my shoulder.,答案,cure,【,即学即练,】,She tried every means,to_her,child_the,bad habit.,A,cure,；,from B,cure,；,of,C,treat,；,of D,treat,；,from,答案,B,考点,8,contribute,vt,.,贡献出，捐助,vi.,投稿,【,课文如是,】,to contribute(,课本,P4),contribute.,to,.,把,贡献给,contribute,to,为,作出贡献；把时间投入,；有助于，导致,contribution,n,.,捐献物，贡献物；捐款；稿件,make a contribution to,对,作出贡献,contribution to,对,的贡献,contributor,n,.,撰稿者；捐助者；起作用的人或因素,【,典例填充,】,1,He offered to _ _the Red Cross.,他主动向红十字会捐款。,答案,contribute to,2,Various factors _ _his downfall.,各种因素导致了他的倒台。,答案,contributed to,3,He _ _ _ _ _ _ the overall success of the project.,他对项目的全面成功做出了非常积极的贡献。,答案,made a very positive contribution to,【,即学即练,】,To be honest,，,my,carelessness_a,lot to my failure.,A,contributed B,donated,C,provided D,offered,解析,句意：说实话，我的失败主要是因为我的粗心大意。,contribute to,导致。,donate,捐献；,provide,提供；,offer(,主动,),提供。,答案,A,1,We can,not_whether,a child is clever or stupid from his or her points in an examination.,A,conduct B,notice,C,understand D,conclude,解析,句意：从一个孩子的考试分数上我们不能推断这个孩子是聪明还是愚笨。,conclude,推断出；,conduct,带领，管理，表现；,notice,注意到；,understand,理解。根据句意，,D,项为正确选项。,答案,D,2,_in her new novel,，,the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours in her study.,A,Having deeply absorbed,B,Deeply absorbing,C,Deeply having been absorbed,D,Deeply absorbed,解析,be absorbed in,“,全神贯注于,”,，,absorbed.,为形容词短语作状语，说明主语,the young writer,所处的一种状态。句意：那位年轻作家沉浸于她的新小说中，在书房里一直思考并写了,12,个小时了。,答案,D,3,_to nuclear radiation,，,even for a short time,，,may produce variants(,变异体,)of genes in human bodies.,A,Being exposed B,Having exposed,C,Exposed D,After being exposed,解析,分析句子结构可知,_to.,应在句中作主语，故用动名词形式；,be exposed to,“,暴露于,”,。句意：暴露在核射线下即使很短的时间人体都可能产生基因变异。,答案,A,4,They blamed the failure on,George.Actually,，,he_.,A,is not to blame B,is to blame,C,is not to be blamed D,should not blame,解析,sb.be to blame,表示某人被责备,”,。又由,actually,知此处应用,A,。,答案,A,5,Eating too much fat,can_heart,disease and cause high blood pressure.,A,result from B,contribute to,C,attend to D,devote to,解析,考查动词短语辨析。,contribute to,有助于,，成为,的原因，对,有贡献，后面接结果。,attend to,注意，照料；,result from,因为,，后面接原因；,devote to,致力于,，均不符合句意。句意：摄入太多的脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压的发生。,答案,B,