短文改错方法讲解.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,第六级,第七级,第八级,第九级,短文改错 一、词类错误,冠词错误,(1)After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened.,解析,因,hour,以元音音素开头。,答案,a,an,(2)Good health is persons most valuable possession.,解析单数名词前加,a,，表泛指,。,答案,persons,前加,the,名词错误,(1)I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon.,解析,some time,意为,“,某时,”,。,答案,times,time,(2)They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question.,解析,因其前有表示复数意义的修饰语,lots of,。,答案,question,questions,代词错误,(1)We climb everywhere,，,not only in,America.They,have been to Europe many times.,解析,前后人称不一致。,答案,They,We,(2)The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.,解析,因前面的,the Smiths,指的是,“,史密斯夫妇,/,一家,”,，,是复数意义。,答案,his,their,形容词副词错误,(1)The air is cleanly and the mountains are green.,解析,is,后面接形容词,。,答案,cleanly,clean,(2)As a result,，,people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past.,解析,因为,longer,本身已是比较级,，,不能再用,more,修饰。,答案,去掉,more,介词错误,(1)Bill insisted in staying near the car.,解析,insist on,为固定搭配。,答案,in,on,(2),.you pay the cost of send a postcard,，,the librarian will write to you.,解析,因为介词后接动名词作宾语。,答案,send,sending,动词错误,(1)Last summer holiday,i went to the beach with my family.We have great fun there.,解析,last summer holiday,此处应该用过去时态,。,答案,have,had,(2)Books may be keep for four weeks.,解析,因此处要用被动语态。,答案,keep,kept,(3)They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions.,解析,因此处缺谓语动词。,答案,eager,前加,were,二、句法错误,1,.,主谓一致,常考点如下：,(1),由,or,，,nor,，,either.or,，,neither.nor,，,not only.but also,等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循,就近原则,；,(2),当主语是,A with/together with/as well as/including/.B,时，谓语动词的单复数由,A,决定，遵循,就远原则,；,(3),动名词、不定式或名词从句作主语,时，谓语动词常用,单数,；,(4),“,half/most,/part/the rest/,分数,/,百分数,of,名词,”,作主语,时，谓语动词要和,of,之后的名词的单复数保持一致,；,(5)a quantity of/quantities of,后既可接复数名词，也可接不可数名词，其谓语动词一般,取决于,quantity,的单复数,。,试辨析下列三个例句,(1)The father and his two children often _,（,play,）,football in the park on Sunday.,(2)The father as well as his two children often _,（,play,）,football in the park on Sunday.,(3)Not only the two children but also their father often _,（,play,）,football in the park on Sunday.,答案：,play;plays;plays,2,.,连接词,名词性从句中的连接词，定语从句中的关系词，状语从句中的连接词，以及主从复合句和并列句中的连接词等。特别是,对,which,和,that,引导定语从句,、,that,引导的同位语从句,的考查。,People would like to take part in this contest should go to the office of the Students Union and sign up.,解析,定语从句缺少引导词。此句中的引导词,who,或,that,在从句中作主语,，,不能省略。,答案,People,后加,who,或,that,3,.,句子成分赘余,(2014,四川,),If you notice that when someone is missing and(or)hurt,，,tell your teacher immediately.,解析,该句的意思是,“,若发现有人失踪或受伤了,，,就要立刻告诉老师,”,。句中的,if,引导条件状语从句,，,when,多余。,答案,去掉,when,4.,缺词错误,(2014,陕西,),He wanted teach me about animals,，,insects and trees.,解析,want,作,“,想要做某事,”,讲时后接带,to,的不定式。,答案,wanted,后加,to,三、语篇型错误,语篇型错误包括：上下文中时态是否一致；上下文中代词是否一致；上下文中逻辑是否一致；上下文中词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。,(2014,浙江,),Then everyone in the carriage began searching(,for)the ticket,，,which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner.,解析,此处的,owner,指的是车票的所有者,，,所以应该用,its,。,答案,his,its,(1)We tried to fix it and there was nothing we could do.,(2)We can lie on the grass for a rest,，,or sat by the lake listening music.,(3)Our school is far away from my home.I go here by bus everyday.,(4)The understanding between two friends mean both of them have similar ideas and trusting each other.,（,5,）,This would save the life of many animals，some of them have almost died out.,(6)The number of iPads imported this year are three times as many as that of last year.,(7)If the book you will want is out,，,you may ask for it to be called back for you.,(8)Lily always aims highly in her study.,即时训练,应试答题注意事项：,1.,规范作答,改法只有三种符号，增加删除和修改，不能随意创造各种修改符号,2.,以句为单位改错,短文改错,10,个错误，通常,8,个改错,1,个增加,1,个删除。做题时应以整句话为单位寻找错误，不要按一行来做题。一句至多有两处错误，基本不会出现倆错误相邻的情形,3.,把可省略的词加上不是改错,如在及物动词后面所接的宾语从句中，连词,that,常可省略。若考生缺词加上,that,，则不得分,4.,带连字符的合成词应视为一个词,若该词出错，改动时应写出完整形式。例如,looker-on,改复数，应改成,lookers-on,