高考英语一轮复习 Module2 Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained(2)课件 牛津译林版(湖南专用) 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Module2 Unit 1,Tales of the unexplained,（,2,）,5,、,make up,编造；补偿，弥补；组成，形成；占,(,比例,),；和解，调停；化妆,This country is made up of many small islands.,这个国家是由许多小岛组成的。,The teacher asked the children to make up a poem about Christmas.,老师让孩子们写一首圣诞诗。,We must make up for the lost time.,我们一定要把失去的时间补回来。,We didnt mean to hurt each other.Lets make up.,我们并不是要故意伤害对方的。我们和好吧。,She would spend an hour making herself up before going to work.,在上班前她总会花一个小时打扮自己。,Road accident victims make up almost a quarter of the hospital patients.,交通事故的受害者占医院病人的四分之一。,make a face,扮鬼脸,make a record,创纪录；制作唱片,make up ones mind,下定决心,make progress,取得进步,make money,挣钱,make fun of,取笑,make out,分辨出来；理解，了解,For all these years I have been working for others.I hope Ill _ my own business some day.,A.turn up B.fix up,C.set up D.make up,C,从句意看应该是“我想开创自己的事业”。,turn up,出现；,fix up,安装；,make up,化妆，编造，均不合题意。只有,C,项意为“开创，建立”，符合题意。,6,、,make ones way,行进，前行；缓慢获得成功,Gradually,Peter began to make his way in politics.,彼得逐渐在政界有所建树。,Jane made her way through the crowd hard for her son.,珍妮穿过人群奋力前行，走向她的儿子。,by way of sp.,途经某地,get in the way,妨碍,show sb.the way,为某人引路,lead the way,带路,in any way,无论如何,in no way,无论如何不；决不,give way(to),退让,on the way,在途中,on ones way to,到,去的途中,make ones way for,走向,fight ones way,打,/,挤,/,推出一条路；用力开出一条路前进,“_,，,please.”asked the gentleman.Then he ran through the crowd,pushing people _.,A.Lead the way;out of his way,B.Give way;out of his way,C.Clear the way;in the way,D.Lead the way;on his way,B,give way,表示“让路”；,push sb.out of ones way,表示“把某人推开”。,She gradually _ to the top of the company.,她努力奋斗，逐渐进入公司高层。,fought her way,His parents were glad that he _,in his career.,他的父母亲很高兴他在事业上有所进步。,made his way,that Justin was taken by aliens,是同位语从句，作,possibility,的同位语，说明此名词的具体内容。同时,that,在同位语从句中只起连接作用，没有实际意义，不作任何成分。,1,、,When asked about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens,当问及贾斯汀被外星人带走的可能性时,Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up after school?,No problem.,A.when B.that,C.whether D.what,B,that,连接同位语从句，说明,possibility,的内容，且,that,在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有实际意义，只起连接作用。,可用于,sb./sth.be done,不定式的句型的动词有：,say,think,consider,report,advise,suppose,expect,prove,order,等。所列出的这几个动词还可以用于,It be done that sb.,的句型。,He is thought to have made up the excuse.,It is thought that he made up the excuse.,据认为他这个理由是编造的。,2,、,The Yeti is said to be a large,hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.,It is said that the Yeti is a large,据说野人是一种大而多毛，像人一样用两条腿走路的动物。,It was considered that they were running out of supplies.,They were considered to be running out of supplies.,据认为他们的补给快要耗尽了。,It is reported that the little prince looks up to his father as a hero.,The little prince is reported to look up to his father as a hero.,据报道小王子尊他的父王为英雄。,It was supposed that they got in the way.,当时人们认为是他们碍事。,They were supposed to get in the way.,原本认为他们会碍事的。,It has been proved _ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.,A.if B.because,C.when D.that,D,句意：在童年时期吃蔬菜有助于保护你在余生中不得严重的疾病，这已经得到了证实。考查主语从句。由句子结构可知，,it,作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。因为从句中成分完整，所以只能用只起连接作用而不作句子成分的连词,that,。,Mr Greens book is said to _ into several foreign languages so far.,A.have translated,B.have been translated,C.be translated,D.have been translating,B,句意：格林先生的书现已被译成几种外语了。由被动含义排除,A,、,D,。句中有,so far,谓语动词常用现在完成时，故在动词不定式后使用完成式。故选,B,。,It is often _ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.,A.said B.to say,C.saying D.being said,A,句意：人们常说人类天性会说话。此句型结构是,it is,过去分词,that,。,1.B,next to,靠近；,far from,远非；,due to,由于。,1.So far we have done a lot to build a lowcarbon economy,but it is _ ideal.We have to work still harder.(2010,江苏,),A.next to B.far from,C.out of D.due to,2.C,根据句意“,你知道是否,Linda,愿意主持这个节目吗？,你不妨问问她。”可知答案。,2.Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program?,_,，,does it,？,(2010,安徽,),A.It makes no time,B.It counts for nothing,C.It doesnt hurt to ask,D.It doesnt make sense,3.A,look up,查询；,look at,看一看；,look for,寻找；,look into,调查。,3.I often _ the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the Internet.(2011,四川,),A.look up B.look at,C.look for D.look into,如何写好简单句,要想写好简单句，就必须记住简单句的这,6,种基本句型。,【,句型,1】,主语谓语,(vi.),(,状语,),They,worked,day and night,.,他们夜以继日地工作。,【,句型,2】,主语 系动词 表语,My grandpa,is,seventy years old,.,我爷爷,70,岁了。,本句型中的连系动词以,be,为最多。此外还有少数其他的连系动词，如,appear,become,get,grow,look,prove,remain,等。,【,句型,3】,主语 谓语,(vt.),宾语,(,状语,),I,havent decided,whether to go or not,.,我还没有决定去还是不去。,【,句型,4】,主语 谓语,(vt.),间接宾语 直接宾语,Zhou Nan,lent,me,some money,.(some money to me.),周楠借给我一些钱。,如果将间接宾语置于直接宾语之后，则需借助介词,to,或,for,。,直接宾语和间接宾语之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系。,【,句型,5】,主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语,We,watched the train,leaving the station,.,我们看着火车离开车站。,本句型中的宾语和宾补之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系。,【,句型,6】There be/stand/live,主语 地点 状语,There are,several guests,in the hall,.,客厅里有几位客人。,在本句型中，还可将谓语动词,be,换成某些表示“来往，存在，发生”之类的不及物动词，如,arrive,come,go,exist,happen,live,remain,seem,stand,等。,按括号内要求将下列句子译成英语：,1.,历史要发展。,(,主语谓语,),_,1.History advances.,2.,我有,3,年没去看我的叔叔了。,(,主语谓语宾语,),_,2.I havent visited my uncle for three years.,3.,我把亨利当作最亲密的朋友。,(,主语谓语双宾语,),_,3.I consider Henry my closest friend.,4.,我们现在必须对它保密吗？,(,主语谓语复合宾语,),_,4.Must we keep it a secret now?,5.,这些玫瑰花闻起来很香。,(,主语系动词表语,),_,5.These roses smell sweet.,6.,在他的卧室里只有一张床和一把椅子。,(There be,结构,),_,6.In his bedroom there was only a bed and a chair.,名词,表示人或事物,(,事件,/,行为,),名称的词是名词。名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类，其中普通名词又分为个体名词，集合名词，抽象名词和物质名词。一般而言，个体名词和集合名词是可数名词；抽象名词和物质名词是不可数名词。难点是有些名词根据词义的变化其性质也发生变化，如“,success,(,成功,)”,是个抽象的概念，常用作不可数名词。但表示“成功的实例,(,人或物,)”,时，用作可数名词。另外，名词是否可数，不能完全根据汉语的思维来确定。,一、名词的数,可以直接用数目来计算的名词是可数名词；不可以直接用数目来计算的名词是不可数名词。,1,以,s,，,x,，,ch,或,sh,结尾的名词在词尾加,es,。但,stomach,变成复数为,stomachs,。,2,以,y,结尾的名词分两种情况。其中以元音字母加,y,结尾的词在词尾直接加,s,，以辅音字母加,y,结尾的词改,y,为,i,再加,es,。,3,以,o,结尾的名词变复数无规律可言，但中学阶段以,o,结尾变复数加,es,的单词可概括为“两人两菜”：,Negro,黑人；,hero,英雄；,tomato,番茄；,potato,马铃薯。其他加,s,。,4,以,f/fe,结尾的名词变复数也无规律可言，但中学阶段以,f/fe,结尾变复数改,f/fe,为,v,加,es,的单词可概括为“贼,(thief),的妻子,(wife),头戴树叶,(leave),用架子,(shelf),上的半,(half),把小刀,(knife),结束了一只狼,(wolf),的生命,(life)”,。其他加,s,。,5,含,man,的单词，通常改其中的元音字母,a,为,e,。但直接加,s,的单词有,3,个：,Roman;German;human,。,6,单词中间含,oo的单词，通常改其中的元音字母,oo,为,ee,。,7,加,(r)en,变复数的单词：,child(ren);ox(en),。,8,以,a,为复数形式的单词：,bacteria;phenomena,。,9,改,is,为,es,变为复数形式的单词：,bases;analyses,。,10,单复数同形的单词。其中单复数同复数形式的单词主要有：,means;works;series;species,。单复数同单数形式的单词主要有：,Chinese;Japanese;aircraft;sheep;deer;swine;fish,等。,11,people,表示“人”时，单复数同单数形式；表示“民族”时，复数须加,s,；,fish,单复数同单数形式，复数形式,fishes,表示“各种各样的鱼”。,12,含有主体名词的复合名词变复数，在主体名词上变化，如：,fathersinlaw;,无主体名词的复合名词变复数，在词尾上变化，如,touchmenots,。其他情况一般加,s,。,二、名词的格,1,表示有生命的东西的名词，所有格一般在该名词后加,s,如：,Jims sister(,吉姆的姐姐,),；,Li Mings book(,李明的书,),。,2,以,s,结尾的复数名词的所有格，只在名词右上方加,。如,Teachers Day(,教师节,),。,3,以,s,结尾的单数名词或人名可以加,s,构成所有格如,the bosss letter(,老板的信,)(,特例：以,s,结尾的人名的所有格的构成加,s,或,均可，如：,James book/Jamess book,詹姆斯的书,),。,4,如果某物为两人共有，则只在后一个名词词尾加,s,；如果不是共有的，则两个名词后要加,s,如：,Jim and Kates room,吉姆和凯特的房间,(,共有,),；,Janes and Toms books,简和汤姆的书,(,不共有,),。,5,复合名词的所有格在后一个名词词尾加,s,构成，如：,her soninlaws car(,她女婿的车,),。,6,表示某人家，店铺等生活，工作处所的所有格后的名词常省略：如：,at Mr.Wangs(,在王先生家,),；,at the tailors(,在裁缝店,),；,at the barbers(,在理发店,),。,7,有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等名词也可以在词尾加,s,构成所有格：如：,todays newspaper(,今天的报纸,),；,ten minutes walk(,步行,10,分钟的路程,),；,Beijings street(,北京的街道,),。,8,物如为无生命的名词，通常用“,of,名词”结构来构成所有格：如,the name of the hospital(,医院的名称,),；,the centre of the city(,市中心,),。,9,表示某物的一部分或抽象概念时，常用“,of,名词”结构表示所有格：如：,the top of the house,房屋的顶部,(,一部分,),；,the cost of living,生活费用,(,抽象意义,),。,10,如果在表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词时，常用“,of,所有格”的形式，即双重所有格，来表示所属关系：如：,a friend of my fathers,one of my fathers friends(,我父亲的一位朋友,),。,11,还有一些表示“的”的词，如：,to,for,from,。,the answer to the question,问题的答案，,the key to the door,门的钥匙，,a ticket for the concert,音乐会的票，,a student from Beijing,来自北京的学生。,三、名词的修饰词,1,只能修饰可数名词复数的词,数词，,many,，,several,，,a few,，,few,，,a(large)number of,，如：,two apples,两个苹果，,a large number of students,许多学生，,several books,几本书。,2,只能修饰不可数名词的词,much,a little,，,little,a great deal of,，如：,much water,许多水，,a little time,一点儿时间。,3,既能修饰可数名词复数又能修饰不可数名词的词,a lot of,，,lots of,，,plenty of,，表示容器的量词，如：,a lot of books,许多书，,a lot of milk,许多牛奶，,two boxes of apples,两箱苹果，,three cups of tea 3,杯茶。,四、名词的功能,1,在句中作主语,Mary is to meet you at the airport.,玛丽将在机场接你。,2,作表语,My brother is a worker.,我弟弟是个工人。,3,作宾语或复合宾语,He finished his task on time.,他按时完成了他的任务。,We made Tom our monitor.,我们选汤姆为我们的班长。,4,作定语,He got three gold medals at 23rd Olympic Games.,他在第二十三届奥运会上取得了,3,块金牌。,注意：名词作定语修饰名词，通常表示事物的属性、本质特征、内容、材料、目的等。这些形容词化的名词与形容词作定语在语义上有一定的区别。,colorful dress,色彩鲜艳的女装,(,仅指颜色,),color film,彩色电影,(属性为彩色的,),5,作状语,The meeting lasted two hours.,会议持续了两个小时。,6,作同位语,Mr.Smith,our leader,is speaking now.,史密斯先生，我们的领导，正在讲话。,7,作称呼语,Good morning,ladies and gentlemen.,女士们，先生们，早上好。,高考湖南卷的单选题和完形填空二,Section C,中都不考查名词的用法，但是在单选题中会考到主谓一致，这与名词的用法有关；在完形填空一，也就是,Section B,中会考查到,4,5,个名词的辨析；在阅读填空和阅读简答中还会考到名词的变形，总分达到,10,分以上。,常见的名词的辨析,family,指“家庭”时，强调全体；指“家里人”时强调个体，与住房无关。,My family is a big one.,我家是个大家庭。,My family are having supper now.,我的家人现在在吃晚饭。,home,指“家”，表示同一家庭共同生活的地方，具有感情色彩。,Kate has left home for school.,凯特离家上学去了。,既可作副词也可作名词，意思是“在家”。,I had to stay(at)home to do my homework.,我得待在家里做家庭作业。,house,指“住宅”、“住房”。,The Greens live in a big house.,格林一家住在一个大房子里。,man,总称“人”、“人类”，用单数。,So far,，,the moon has been visited by man.,到目前为止，人类已经访问过月球。,总称“男人”，用单数，不用冠词。,Man is stronger than woman.,男人比女人有力。,指个体“男人”，有单、复数。,There are two men and three women over there.,那边有,2,个男人,3,个女人。,people,泛指“人们”，表示复数概念。,People often work in the day.,人们常在白天工作。,指“人”的个体，但只表示复数概念。,There are five people in my family.,我家有,5,口人。,前面加定冠词指“人民”，表示复数概念。,Lets work for the people.,咱们为人民服务。,指“民族”时，有单、复数之分。,The Chinese people is a hardworking people.,中国人是一个勤劳的民族。,person,强调“人”的个体，有单、复数之分。,There are five persons in my family.,我家有,5,个人。,police,总称“警察”，表示复数概念。,The police were standing there.,警察站在那儿。,指“警察”的个体，但只表示复数概念。,There are several police/policemen watching the traffic.,有几个警察在管理交通。,policeman,强调“警察”的个体，有单、复数之分。,My father is a policeman.,我父亲是个警员。,universe,指“宇宙万物”，强调物质概念。,When we talk about the universe,we mean the earth,the sun,the moon and many other stars.,谈到宇宙时，我们往往指的是地球、太阳、月亮以及其他的许多星星。,space,指“太空”、“宇宙空间”，强调空间概念。,Many countries have sent up the satellites into space.,很多国家往太空发射过人造卫星。,也可以指“空间”、“余地”、“空地”。,There is no space on the bus.,公共汽车上没有座位了。,1.The _ so much alike that I cant tell which is which.,A.twin looks B.twins look,C.twin look D.twins looks,B,此题容易误选,C,，误认为,twin,的意思是“双胞胎”，指两个，表复数意义。其实，此题的正确答案为,B,，,twin,的意思是“孪生子之一”或“双胞胎之一”，英文解释为,either of two children born of the same mother at the same time,，即它指的是两者中的一个，而不是两个，要表示双胞胎两个，要用复数,twins,。,2.Mr.Black,who is a _,，,is now in love with Miss Smith,who is a _.,A.cooker;typewriter,B.cook;typist,C.cooker;typist,D.cook;typewriter,B,此题正确答案为,B,，但容易误选,A,，许多同学想当然地认为：,cook,用作动词，表示“煮饭”，所以,cooker,应是其相应的名词，表示“煮饭的人”，即“厨师”；,type,用作动词，表示“打字”，所以,typewriter,应表示“打字员”。,