高考英语复习 Unit2 Cloning专题课件 新人教版选修8 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,抓基础,选修八,Unit 2,Cloning,析考点,提能力,.,高频单词必记,1,vt,.,着手；从事；承担,2,vt,.,扔；投；掷,3,vt,.,获得；赢得,4,vt,.,获得；到达,(,水平、年龄、状况等,),5,vt,.,禁止；不准,undertake,cast,obtain,attain,forbid,6,vt,.,欠,(,账、钱、人情等,),；归功于,7,vi,.,退休；离开,8,vt,.,打扰；,(,vi,.),操心；,(,n,.),烦扰,9,vi,.&,vt,.,打；撞击；罢工；,(n,.),罢工,10,adj,.,虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的,11,adv,.,仅；只；不过,12,vt,.,崇拜；爱慕；喜爱,owe,retire,bother,strike,vain,merely,adore,13,n,.,突破,14,vt,.,积累；聚积,15,vi,.,不同；相异,adj,.,不同的,n,.,不同；差异,16,vi,.,反对；不赞成,n,.,不赞成；反对；,异议,adj,.,真实的；客观的；无偏见的,17,vt,.,抵抗；对抗,n,抵抗；对抗,adj,.,有抵抗力的；抵制的,18,n,假定；设想,vt,.,假定；设想,breakthrough,accumulate,differ,different,difference,object,objection,objective,resist,resistance,resistant,assumption,assume,.,重点短语必背,1,得到好结果；取得成功；偿清,2,沮丧；不愉快,3,反对,4,赞成；支持,5,把,归功于,pay off,cast down,object to,in favour of,owe.to.,6,一定或注定,(,做,),7,使,刻骨铭心,8,不时；偶尔,9,使复生；使复活,10,白费力气；枉费心机,11,状况很好,/,坏；情况很好,/,坏,(be)bound to (do),.,strike.into ones heart,from time to time,bring back to life,In vain,in good/poor condition,.,经典句型必会,1,The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very,encouraging.,看来多莉是在正常地成长着，这很令人鼓舞。,解读：,that,引导同位语从句。,仿写：这些年来地球逐渐变暖的事实，使科学家们非常担心。,The fact has worried many scientists _,warmer and warmer these years.,答案：,that the earth is becoming,2,Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become,seriously ill.,接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。,解读：,then,位于句首，句子用全部倒装语序。,仿写：听到狗的狂叫声，小偷逃掉了。,Hearing the dog barking fiercely,_.,答案：,away fled the thief,3,The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of,these animals may diebut others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.,其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。,解读：,The advantage is that.“,其优点是,”,，,that,引导表语从句。,仿写：其优点是如果你能讲流利的英语，你更有可能找到好工作。,_ if you can speak English fluently,you are more likely to find a good job.,答案：,The advantage is that,1,undertake,vt,.(undertook,undertaken),着手；从事；,承担,undertake a task/responsibility,承担任务,/,责任,undertake to do sth.,同意、答应或着手做某事,undertake thatclause,保证,教材,P11,原句,It is a difficult task to undertake.,这是一项很难完成的任务。,We would undertake the task for the time being.,我们可暂时承担这项任务。,He,the job by Friday.,他答应在星期五以前完成那项工作。,I can undertake that you will enjoy the trip.,我保证你会喜欢这次旅行。,undertook to finish,2,object,vi,.,反对；不赞成,n,.,物体；目标,(1)object to sb./sth.,反对；不赞成某人,/,某事,object to doing sth.,反对做某事,object that.,反对,(2)objection,n,.,反对；厌恶,raise an objection to sth.,对,提出异议,have/make an objection to(doing)sth.,对,表示反对,If anybody objects,well postpone the meeting till next week.,如果有人反对，我们就把会议推迟到下周。,The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path.(,摘自,2011,山东高考,阅读理解,D,),轮椅上还安装有两台能辨别路上物体的摄像机。,He strongly,a,child.,他强烈反对被人当孩子一样对待。,My main objection to the plan is that it costs too much.,我反对该计划的主要理由是它费用太高。,objects to being treated like,3,forbid,vt,.(forbade/forbad,forbidden),禁止；不准,(1)forbid sb.to do sth.,禁止某人做某事,forbid doing sth.,禁止做某事,forbid that.,禁止,(,从句中常用,should,动词原形,),(2)forbid sb.sth.,禁止某人某事,forbid sb.from doing,禁止某人做,(3)Its forbidden to do sth.,做某事是禁止的教材,P12,原句,Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning.,有些政府开始改革他们的法律制度，禁止进行克隆人的研究,I will forbid you to leave unless you apologize for what you have done.,如果你不为自己所做的事情道歉，我不允许你离开。,The law,in public buildings.,法律禁止在公共场所吸烟。,He,my friends online at the Internet caf,！他禁止我去网吧会见我的网友！,forbids smoking,forbade me from meeting,4,owe,vt,.,欠,(,账、钱、人情等,),；归功于,；应感谢,(1)owe sb.an apology,该向某人道歉,owe sb.a favo(u)r,欠某人一个人情,owe sb.sth.,owe sth.to sb.,欠某人某物,(2)owe.to.,把,归功于,owe it to sb.that.,多亏某人,(3)owing to.,因为；由于,教材,P13,原句,You owe the lady an apology.,你必须向这位女士道歉。,I owe you an apology for having been so rude to you last night.,昨晚我太粗暴，应该向你道歉。,Mary will take care of the baby she,.,玛丽会照看孩子的,她欠我一个人情。,owes me a favor,The wellknown scientist always says that he owes all his success to the support of his family.,这位著名的科学家常说他的成功归功于家人的支持。,the match was cancelled.,比赛因下雨取消了。,Owing to the rain,5,bother,vt,.,打扰,vi,.,操心,n,烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人,(1)bother sb.with/about sth.,为某事打扰或麻烦某人,bother about/with sth.,为某事烦恼,bother to do sth.,特意、特地做某事,It bothers sb.that/to do sth.,使某人苦恼的是,(2)put sb.to any bother,给某人添乱,教材,P14,原句,However,the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.,然而，之后她患上了严重的肺病的问题使科学家们困扰。,What bothers me most is that he seems to take no interest in his work.,最使我伤脑筋的是，他似乎对自己的工作毫无兴趣。,Im sorry to,so many questions on such an occasion.,很抱歉在这种时候问你这么多问题。,I dont want to,so I try doing it by myself.,我不想给他添乱，所以，我试着靠自己做这件事。,have bothered you with,put him to any bother,.,完成句子,1,The United Nations was supposed to _,_(,承担责任,)for global peace keeping.,答案：,undertake the responsibility,2,That he was going to drop out of school _,_(,导致许多反对,)from his family.,答案：,led to a lot of objection,3,He _(,把成功归功于,)hard,work and practice.,答案：,owes his success to,4,_(,日本发生了可怕,的地震,)on March 11st,2011,making 30,000 people or so lose their lives.,答案：,A terrible earthquake struck/hit Japan,5,Up to now,scientists _,(,已获得重大突破,)in the treatment of the disease.,答案：,have made a major breakthrough,6,He _(,不许孩子们,吃糖,)because he didnt want their teeth to be ruined.,答案：,forbade his children sweets,.,单项填空,1,Im sorry to_ you,but can you tell me the way,to the nearest supermarket?,I will do some shopping,too.Shall we walk there together?,A,bother,B,carry,C,affect D,award,解析：,句中,Im sorry to bother you,相当于,excuse me“,对不起；打扰一下,”,，选,A,。,答案：,A,2,The fortystorey building is one of the most challenging,engineering projects they have _.,A,undergone B,overtaken,C,understood D,undertaken,解析：,undergo “,经历,”,；,overtake“,超过,”,；,understand“,明白；理解,”,；,undertake“,承担,”,。根据句意，应选,D,。,答案：,D,3,I _ a debt of gratitude to his family so Ill do my,best to help them whenever they are in trouble.,A,borrow B,lend,C,owe D,give,解析：,句意：我感激他一家人，无论他们什么时候遇到麻烦，我都将尽力帮忙。,owe“,欠,(,账、钱、人情等,),；归功于,”,，符合句意。,borrow“,借入,”,；,lend“,借出,”,；,give“,给予,”,。,答案：,C,4,The reason why I object to _ with Mr.Black in,the same office is that he is a heavy smoker.,A,work B,be working,C,working D,being worked,解析：,不及物动词,object,意为,“,反对,”,，其后常与介词,to,连用，故此处用动词,ing,形式作介词的宾语，,work,与,I,之间为主动关系，故用其主动式。句意：我反对跟布莱克先生在同一个办公室工作的原因是他吸烟很厉害。,答案：,C,5,What does the notice say?,The company forbids _ to music in office hours.,A,listening B,to listen,C,being listened D,having listened,解析：,forbid doing sth.,指,“,禁止做某事,”,；,forbid sb.to do sth.“,禁止某人做某事,”,。,答案：,A,1,pay off,得到好结果；取得成功；偿清,教材,P11,原句,But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough the cloning of Dolly the sheep.,但是决心和耐心使科学家们最终于,1996,年收获了突破性的结果,克隆羊,“,多莉,”,。,Does going to college really pay off,？,(,摘自,2011,湖南高考,完形填空,),上大学真的能助人取得成功吗？,After ten years of hard work,Mathild,at last.,经过,10,年的辛苦劳作后，玛蒂尔德终于还清了所有的债务。,paid off all her debts,pay sb.for sth.,pay sth.to sb.for sth.,付钱给某人作为,的费用,pay for sth.,支付,的费用；为某事吃苦头或受惩罚,pay back,还钱；报复,That I can,the help people give me makes me happy.,能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。,He had to work parttime so as to,.,他必须做兼职工作来支付学费。,If you dont work now,youll pay for it later when you fail your exams.,你现在不好好学，到考试不及格时就会为此而付出代价。,pay back,pay for his education,2,in favour of,赞成；支持,教材,P12,原句,Is it in favour of cloning or against it?,它是赞成克隆行为还是反对克隆行为？,My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was in favour of it.,我姐姐反对我的提议，然而我弟弟却赞成。,(1)in sb.s favour,对某人有利的,out of favour,失宠的；不流行的,(2)do sb.a favour,do a favour for sb.,帮某人忙,do sb.the favour to do sth./do sb.a favour by doing sth.,帮忙做某事,(3)owe sb.a favour,欠某人情,The exchange rate,at the moment.,目前汇率对我们不利。,and turn the radio down while Im on the phone,will you?,劳驾，我打电话的时候把收音机的音量调小点好吗？,is not in our favour,Do me a favour,3,in good/poor condition,状况很好,/,坏；情况很好,/,坏,教材,P17,原句,The dodo became extinct fairly recently so its DNA is still in good condition.,渡渡鸟是近期才灭绝的动物，所以它的,DNA,完好无损。,It is obvious that he is in good condition.,他的身体显然很健康。,out of condition,健康状况欠佳,working/living/studying conditions,工作,/,生活,/,学习环境,on condition(that).,在,条件下；倘若,on no condition,一点也不；决不,Ill attend the party,John is invited too.,如果约翰也受到邀请，我就参加晚会。,On no condition shall we give in to the enemy.,我们决不会向敌人屈服。,on condition that,.,选词填空,1,His parents tried to persuade him not to give up his,wellpaid job,but their efforts were_.,答案：,in vain,2,He was _ because he was forbidden to,go out with his brothers.,答案：,cast down,3,Keep on working hard like this,and your research,_ obtain great success.,答案：,is bound to,4,In ancient times,people believed that they could,_ after death.,答案：,be brought back to life,5,Even though the house has a long history,it is still,_.,答案：,in good condition,.,单项填空,1,(2010,辽宁高考,)I agree to his suggestion _ the,condition that he drops all charges.,A,by B,in,C,on D,to,解析：,考查固定用法。句意：我同意接受他的提议，条件是他撤销全部的诉讼。,on condition that,与连词,if,同义，表示,“,在,条件下,”,，后接条件状语从句。根据语意选,C,项。,答案：,C,2,Have you heard that he was admitted into Tsinghua,University?,Yes,I have.His efforts finally _.,A,paid for B,paid back,C,paid off D,paid up,解析：,句意：他的努力终于有所回报。,pay off“,取得成功；有所回报,”,，符合句意。,答案：,C,3,Minetta was in _ poor condition last week in,hospital;therefore,her parents were in _ favour of performing an operation.,A,the;the B,/;the,C,/;/D,the;a,解析：,in poor condition,为固定词组，意思是,“,状况很坏；情况很坏,”,；,in favour of,为固定词组，意思是,“,赞成；支持,”,。,答案：,C,1,The fact,that,she seemed to develop normally was very,encouraging.,看来多莉是在正常地成长着，这很令人鼓舞。,此句中,that,引导的从句为同位语从句，对,fact,进行解释说明，,that,仅起连接词的作用，无意义，不能省略。,(1),常见的后接同位语从句的抽象名词有：,fact,news,hope,truth,idea,suggestion,thought,question,order,problem,belief,fear,等。,(2),同位语从句中表,“,是否,”,用,whether,不用,if,。,(3),特殊疑问词也可以引导同位语从句，注意从句用陈述语序。,He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.(,摘自,2011,山东高考,阅读理解,A,),他不愿面对他失败的事实，最后自杀身亡。,we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.,我们是否该继续实验的问题还没有得到解决。,I have no idea,.,我不知道新图书馆将要建在哪里。,The question whether,where the new library will be built,that,引导定语从句和同位语从句,同位语从句,that,仅起连接词的作用，对前面的名词进行补充说明，无意义，不能省略,定语从句,that,一方面起引导从句的作用，另一方面在定语从句中担当主语、宾语、表语,The news that our football team had won the match was encouraging.(,同位语从句，不缺成分,),我们足球队赢了比赛的消息令人鼓舞。,The news(that)he told us was not true.(,定语从句，缺宾语,),他告诉我们的消息不是真的。,2,Then,_,came,the disturbing news that Dolly had become,seriously ill.,接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。,当,then,now,up,down,here,there,等副词或表地点的介词短语位于句首且主语为名词时，句子常用全部倒装语序。,Then followed son No.3.In 2003,I gave birth to another boy.(,摘自,2011,天津高考,阅读理解,B,),接着第三个儿子出生了。在,2003,年，我又生了一个男孩。,In came the teacher and the lesson began.,老师进来了，然后开始上课了。,On top of the hill,.,山顶上有一座破庙。,stands an old temple,.,用适当的连接词填空,1,The truth _ heavy objects and light objects fall,at the same speed is known to us all.,答案：,that,2,The question _ we need to spend more time on,the project has not been discussed.,答案：,whether,3,The explanation _ he had met with an,accident on his way was acceptable.,答案：,that,4,We have some doubt _ they can complete the,task on time.,答案：,whether,.,单项填空,1,The fact has worried many scientists _the earth,is becoming warmer and warmer these years.,A,what B,which,C,that D,though,解析：,考查同位语从句。,that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years,是同位语从句，修饰,the fact,，解释其具体内容。,答案：,C,2,(2011,江苏四市联考,)Jim said there was no clear,evidence _ they meant to mislead investors.,A,which B,that,C,what D,when,解析：,句意：吉姆说没有明显的证据能证明他们故意误导投资者。,that,引导同位语从句以解释说明,evidence,的内容。,答案：,B,3,(2012,潍坊模拟,)Over the little girls bed _,nothing but a few small toys.,A,hang B,hangs,C,hanged D,hanging,解析：,句意：小女孩儿的床上除了几个小玩具外，没有悬挂任何东西。本句是倒装句，正常语序是,“,Nothing but a few small toys hangs over the little girls bed”,。当主语后接,with,but,like,等短语作定语时，谓语形式不受定语的影响，由此可知本句的谓语动词应和主语,nothing,保持一致，故选,B,项。,答案：,B,同位语从句,单项填空,1,(2012,江西八校联考,)The Green Corporation donated,the property to the state of California,with one condition _ the Green family would be allowed to use it when they wished.,A,what B,which,C,when D,that,解析：,考查同位语从句。此处表示,“,条件是,”,，从句不缺少成分，因此由,that,引导同位语从句，用来说明,condition“,条件,”,的具体内容。,答案：,D,2,(2012,日照调研考试,)The patients son asked the doctor,the question _ his father could survive the big operation.,A,whether B,if,C,that D,what,解析：,考查同位语从句。在此同位语从句表示一种不确定的状态，故用,whether,引导同位语从句，表示,the question,的具体内容。,if,不可用来引导同位语从句。,答案：,A,3,(2012,南京第三次模拟,)Though having discussed it for,long,they still havent reached an agreement _ they should pour more money into the project.,A,that B,if,C,whether D,what,解析：,考查同位语从句。句意：尽管讨论了很久，但对于是否应该在这个项目上投入更多的资金，他们还没有达成一致的看法。,if,不用来引导同位语从句。,答案：,C,4,(2012,济宁模拟,)There is much discussion about the,question _ the rising food prices are affecting ordinary people.,A,how B,that,C,why D,what,解析：,考查同位语从句。,question,的同位语，从句用,how,来引导作状语。,答案：,A,5,Mother made a promise_ I passed the College,Entrance Examination,she would buy me a mobile phone.,A,that B,if that,C,that if D,that whether,解析：,名词,promise,后是同位语从句，用,that,引导；,if,引导同位语从句中的条件状语从句。,答案：,C,