高二英语语法专讲 定语从句 人教版 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,语法专讲,-,定语从句,定语的定义：,定语是用来说明名词或代词的品质与特征的词或词组,。,A.,可用作定语的有形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、从句和句子等。,a),形容词,adj.,及,b),副词,Adv,.,This girl is a natural,musician,.I,ll,recommend an,interesting film,to you.,b),副词,Adv.,the room,above,the factory,there,the world,today,the way,out,the people,here,c),名词,noun.,a,baby,girl,a,woman,doctor,sports,car,women,doctors,well,w,ater,a fools,paradise,the,works,of Shakespeare 1）horror,films,/horrible films2）a wonder,book,/a wonderful,book,3）stone,path,/a stony,path,d),代词,Pronoun.,及,e),数词,Num.,Your,hair needs cutting.,He is a friend,of mine.,Everybodys,business is nobodys business.,Theres only,one,way to do it.,Do it now.You may not get a,second,chance.,Lesson,One,Room,205,f),不定式,I have an important,meeting,to attend,.,Thats the,way,to do it.,He has a,wish,to travel around the world,.,I am pleased to have this,chance,to talk to you about the UN.,*Its,time,for us,to go,.,g),动名词,walking,stick,手杖,sleeping,pills,安眠药,drinking,water,饮用水,learning,method,学习方法,h),分词,a,walking,dictionary,活字典,a,sleeping,child,正在睡梦的小孩,a,drinking,man,嗜酒者,a,retired,worker,退休工人,a,returned,student,一个归国留学生,a,faded,flower,一朵凋谢的花朵,The boy,riding a white horse,is my brother.,My visits will encourage people,working on the projects.,the urgent problems,caused by wars and conflicts,i),介词短语,He always has a,clear,insight,into what is needed.,他总是能够洞察需要什么,.,the,research,into the spread of AIDS,定语从句,语法意义：在复合句中，用一个由主谓结构组成的陈述句修饰某一个名词或代词的句子就叫作定语从句。,被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。其有三：,1,）放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用；,2,）在定语从句中还担任了一定的成分；,3,）重现（代替）先行词的意义，所以其数与先行词一致。,普通代词与关系代词的差别及区分,普通代词只起着代替作用，代替前面提到的某人或某物；而关系代词则不同。,试区分以下句子中的关系代词与普通代词：,1)I have a good friend.,She,works in Guangzhou.I have a good friend,who/that,works in Guangzhou.2)The building is our science lab.,_,Itstands over there.The building,that/which,stands over there is our science lab.,关系代词,who,whom,that,which,Whose/of which,人,人,人、物,物,人、物,主语,宾语,宾语,主语,宾语,主语,宾语,定语,关系副词,When(in/on which),时间,状语,Where(in which),地点,状语,Why(for which),原因,状语,C.,先行词与关系代词的种类：,先行词指人时主格,who,that,宾格,whom,who,that,所有格,whose,先行词指物时除了人以外）主格,which,that,宾,格,which,that,所有格,whose,of which,Where,when,why*soas,asas,suchas,the sameas,练习：用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空。,The man _ is talking with my mother is,my father.,2.The man _ my mother is talking with is my father.,3.The man _ hair is white is my father.,4.who is the man _ is standing there?,5.That book is the one _ I bought yesterday.,6.That book is the one _ was bought yesterday.,7.That book is the one _ cover is blue.,who/that,Whom/who/that/-,whose,that,which/that/-,which/that,whose,8.The pen _ she is writing is his.,9.The pen _ she is writing with is his.,10._ is known to all,paper was first made in China.,11.Paper was first made in China,_ is known to all.,12.He still remembers the day _ he met the great man in the street.,13.He still remembers the day _ he spent with his wife at Beijing Railway Station.,14.He is not such a fool _ he looks.,with which,Which/that/-,As,as/which,On which/when,which/that/-,as,定语从句的辨认与使用之步骤：,1,首先是要辨出先行词；,2,确定关系代词（既先行词）在从句中所担任的成分：,3,确定关系代词的人称和数。,实际上，选择引导定语从句引导词是学习定语从句的难点。我们可以使用以下口诀来化难为易：,三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊。,一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处；,关系代词必须,用,that,的情况：,1,先行词为不定代词,something,anything,everything,little,much,all,等；,2,先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时；,3,先行词被,the only,the veryall,等所修饰；,4,先行词既包括人又包括物时。,D.,定语从句分类*：,分为限定性和非限定性定语从句：,1.This is the professor who teaches us grammars.2.Li Ming,who is in the room,wants to ask you some questions.,限定性和非限定性定语从句的区别：限定性定语从句,1,和先行词关系密切；（删除了就会影响整个意义的表达）,2,不用逗号分开；,3,可用关系代词作引导词；,4,关系代词作宾语时可以省略；,5,关系代词可以替代（作宾语时，可用或替代）,6,读的时候不停顿；,7,只可以修饰先行词，不可以修饰主句或主句的一部分,非限定性定语从句,1,与先行词关系不密切，是一种补充说明（删除掉后不影响）,2,一般使用逗号分开；,3.,不可用关系代词,that;4,关系代词不可省略,5,关系代词不能替代；,6,读时停顿，用降调；,7,可以修饰整个句子或主句中的一部分（此时定要用逗号分开，只能,用,which,或,as,引导,）,有时两者差别很大：,eg,:1)a)In their class there are fifteen students who can speak English well.,在他们班上有,15,位英语说的好的学生。,b)In their class there are fifteen students,who can speak English well.,在他们班上有,15,位学生，他们的英语都说得很好。,2)a)She has two sons who are P.L.A.men.(Maybe she has other sons who are not P.L.A.men.),她有两个当解放军的儿子。,b)She has two sons,who are P.L.A.men.(she has only two sons and they are both P.L.A.men.),她有两个儿子，都是当解放军的。,精选练习：,1.The result of the experiment was very good,_ we hadnt expected.A.when B.where C.which D.that2.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese Vase,_ of the price was very reasonable.A.which B.where C.whose D.that3.Dorothy was always speaking highly o her role in the play,_,of course,made the others unhappy.A.who B.which C.this D.what4.We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer.A.which B.that C.whose D.when,CC,D,A,C,B,5.Tony is the only one of the students who _ to Europe.A.have gone B.have been C.has been D.had gone6.Beijing,_ is the capital of China,is a modern city.A.that B.it C.which D./7.-Is this the very art gallery _ they visited last week?-Yes.It impressed them deeply.A.the one B.where C.which D.that8.They talked for about an hour of things and persons _ they remembered in the school.A.which B.that C.who D.whom9.I have the same glasses _ Kate is wearing.A.as B.that C.which D.them,B,C,D,B,A,10.We will never forget the days _ we spent together,11.I have the same glasses _ Kate is wearing.A.as B.that C.which D.them,12.This is the museum _ we saw an exhibition the other day.A.that B.which C.that D.in that,13.Is this museum _ the students visited that day?A.where B.which C.that D.in thaton the island.,14.The wallet _ I spent 50,yuan,has been stolen.,A.in which B.on which C.for it D.which,A,14.Have you ever been to Shanghai,_ I left ten years ago?,A.where B.which C.that D.when15.There are 1,200 students in their school,_ 60%are girls.,A.of which B.of whom C.of them D.in them,欢迎你的光临请留下宝贵意见,