高考题型分析——阅读七选五2018.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,高考英语阅读分析,七选五,题型解读：,试题模式,：,给出一篇缺少,5,个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。,考查重点：,主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。,选项特点：,主旨概括句（文章整体内容）,过渡性句子（文章结构）,注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）,二、解题技巧,（,1,）通读全文，了解文章大意；,（,2,）阅读各个空格的前后句，标记关键词。在明确文章的基本话题后，阅读五个空格各自的前后句，并将前后句中的解题线索，即关键词标记下来；,（,3,）阅读各个选项，尤其注意选项的首尾部分，标记,关键词；,（,4,）比较上述两类关键词，确定答案；,（,5,）将确定的答案放入原文，看读起来是否通顺。,1,、解题步骤,（,1,）词汇衔接：正确选项中的关建词一般重复前一句的关键词，或与下一句的关键词相呼应。,2.,验证方法,（,2,）逻辑衔接：正确选项与原文空格之前或之后的句子在逻辑上是连贯的。例如：前一句使用,although,那么正确选项的内容应该与之相反。,(1),代冠词指代,it,they,this,that,these,the,(2),词汇复现,原词、同源词、同义词、近义词、反义词 等复现,上下文逻辑意义,(logical coherence),A.,转折让步关系,:,however,but,though,yet,in spite of,on the contrary,otherwise,while,rather than,despite,等,B.,并列与递进关系,:,and,also,further,moreover,whats more,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also.,等,C.,因果关系,:,so,therefore,thus,consequently,as a result(of),because,等,D.,概括总结,:in short,in summary,in generalto conclude,in conclusion,in a word,on the whole,to sum up,等,Key words,动词,名词,代词,时间,序数词,连词,副词,标题：,大写，较短，结合全文,段首：,概括文段,段尾：,总结，承上启下,小标题,structures,段中：,承上启下,Passage 1,Surround yourself with happy people.It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way._,A.There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.,B.Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood.,C.On the contrary,if you are around people who are happy,their emotional state will be infectious.,are around,Surround,Passage,2,Psychologists think there may be many reasons why,violent games are more harmful to children than violent movies.Firstly,players are actively involved in violence,and may begin to use weapons as second nature._,A.Children are most likely to become addicted,to violent videogames.,B.At least 12 murders since 1997 have been,linked to an addiction with violent video,games.,C.Secondly,violent games provide repetitive aggressive experiences that are rewarded by more killing.,Firstly,Secondly,Passage,3,_ The image includes the way you look,the way you act,the way you talk and the way,you think.Interestingly,our self-images are often,quite different from the images others hold,about us.,Always love yourself.,Self-image,is your own mind,s picture of yourself.,Don,t allow doubts to occur in it.,self-images,Self-image,image,Passage,4,Sixty years ago,people asked about your,astrological sign._ These days,having,a web address is almost as important as a,street address.,Start simply.,Nowadays,they want to know your website.,At the top of the page is a banner Graphic.,Sixty years ago,Nowadays,These days,Passage,5,_ However,the real movie capital is,Mumbai,in India.Mumbai used to be known,as Bombay,and so the film industry there is called,“,Bollywood,”,A.Sometimes they even write the script,by hand.,B.Most people think that the capital of the,movie world is Hollywood,in the,United States.,C.They may even shoot scenes for,several films on the same day using the,same clothes.,However,capital,capital,Passage,6,It seems urgent,that communications in,transport should be improved._ All over,cities,it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite.,A.,Communication between human beings,should also be kept smooth and polite.,B.Yet this is all too often seen.,C.The public should obey the rules.,also,communications,communication,Passage,7,_ Improved thinking abilities will help,them to understand more both in academic,sense and in as an individual.Always love,yourself.,Thinking is a skill.,Creative thinking techniques can develop,children,s mind.,C.,Thinking is a tool,and it is something that,can be sharpened.,them,children,Passage,8,_ They give more background and,details.They also let you,read,parts that are,important to you and skip the rest.,Both television and the Internet have many disadvantages.,Other high-tech timesavers have similar disadvantages.,Newspapers and magazines have some important advantages.,They,Newspapers and magazines,read,Passage,9,_ When a person does a certain thing again,he is impelled(迫使)by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly;thus a habit is formed.Once a habit is formed,it is difficult,and sometimes impossible,to get rid of.,A.,It is very important for us to know why we should get used to good habits.,B.,Habits,whether good or bad,are gradually formed.,C.,Whether good or not habits are,they are easy to get rid of.,段首,thus a habit is formed,Habits,are gradually,formed.,Passage,10,Not all past predictions have been proved wrong._ Some great thinkers predicted the arriveal of the credit card,the fax machine and even the internet-years before they happened.,Predictions of the Future,A few of them have been s,urprisin,gly accurate.,C.It hasn,t appear yet.,段中,Not all,wrong.,accurate,.,A few of them,Passage,11,Nowadays in China,parents care about their children,s education,more than anything else.They spend a lot coaching(训练)their children in their studies.Some even hire teachers for their children.Many have their children sent to after-class schools.,_.,It seems as if a better education is all that parents expect for their children.,Skills and knowledge means competition.,Skills and knowledge doesn,t mean all.,段尾,education,more than,anything else.,education,Summary,考纲解读：,主要考查考生对文章的,整体内容,和,结构,以及,上下文逻辑意义,的理解和掌握。,1.,主旨概括,：文章的标题、段落小标题、段落主题句,2.,衔接,词汇的衔接,(1),代冠词指代,it,they,this,that,these,the,(2),词汇复现,原词、同源词、同义词、近义词、反义词 等复现,3.,上下文逻辑意义,看空前，空后的逻辑关系,:however,but,so,though,also.,等,Practice,2015,新课标全国卷,I,Building Trust in a Relationship Again,Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.,1,Trust is a risk.But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.,B,B.It is putting confidence in someone.,Unfortunately,weve all been victims of betrayal.Whether weve been stolen from,lied to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore.,2,Its understandable,but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there.,E,E.Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant,bear to let it happen again.,3,Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.,A.Learn to really trust yourself.,A,4,If youve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a“victim mentality”.At some point in all of our lives,well have our trust tested or violated.,C,C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.,You didnt lose“everything”.Once trust is lost,what is left?Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life._,5,_,Instead,its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.,G.Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean,youre ignoring what happened.,G,文章体裁：,Muzak(,背景音乐,),举例子、列数字、做比较,说明对象：,说明方法：,说明文,2010,年高考阅读：,Muzak,The next time you go into a bank,a store,or a supermarket,stop and listen.What do you hear?_71_ Its similar to the music you listen to,but its not exactly the same.Thats because this music was especially designed to relax you,or to give you extra energy.Sometimes you dont even realize the music is playing,but you react to the music anyway.,C.Music is playing in the background.,Quiet background music used to be called elevator(,电梯,)music because we often heard it in elevators.But lately we hear it in more and more places,and it has a new name Muzak.About one-third of the people in America listen to Muzak everyday.The music plays for 15 minutes at a time,with short pauses in between.It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning,and between three and four in the afternoon,when people are more tired._72_,B.The music gives them extra energy.,If you listen to Muzak carefully,you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs.Some musicians or songwriters dont want their songs to be used as Muzak,but others are happy when their songs are chosen.Why?_73_,F.They get as much as$4 million a year if their songs are used.,Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel.It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do.Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background._74_ Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.,D.Factory workers produce 13 percent more.,_75_ They say its boring to hear the same songs all the time.But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places.They say it helps them relax and feel calm.One way or another,Muzak affects everyone.Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!,A.Some people dont like Muzak.,策略只是技巧，理解才是关键,词汇是基础,Enlarge your vocabulary!,Enjoy reading!,小题大做,P,9-10,Homework,