西方翻译五次高潮 PPT.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2014/9/22,#,美,渠,中国,Five,climaxes,in,western,translation,history,西,方,翻,译,史,上,的,五,次,高,潮,Five,climaxes,backgrounds,Famous translators,Famous works,Brief,introduction,C,o,n,t,e,n,t,s,:,process,feature,The,brief,introduction:,Since the WW,translation is no longer confined to religion and literature,but deep into all aspects of life.Also,translation is no longer led only by a few scholars,but became an attractive occupation.,Translation in the West has a history of two thousand years,there have been five climaxes.The main body of the first three high tides are the“Bible”translation as well as Christian and Muslim cultural exchanges.Later in the Renaissance,the translation activity was gradually developed into the ideological,political,philosophical and literary field.,At the end of the 4,th,Bc,the Greece bagan to decay and the Roman gradually grew stronger and stronger,but the contemporary Greece culture was still superior to the Roman culture,thus it appealed to the Roman very much.,In the middle of 3,th,Bc,the three fathers in roman culture:,livius Andronicus,（,安德罗尼柯,）,、,Quintus Ennius,（,涅维乌斯,）,和,Gnaeus Naevius,（,恩尼乌斯,）,，,and the later great writers all used Latin language to translate or adapt Homers epic or other Greece dramas.This is the first large scale translation activity.,Five,climaxes:,The,first,climax:,Translation,in,the,ancient,times,Backgrounds:,During,the first climax,it introduced the ancient Greece culture,especially the dramas to Roman,thus,promoted the born and development of the Roman culture and later severed as a bridge for the West to inherit the ancient classical Roman literature.,Five,climaxes:,The,first,climax:,Translation,in,the,ancient,times,Backgrounds:,Septuagint(,希腊文旧约圣经,):It is said that at that time,72 scholars used 72 days to translate the Bible in Hebrew language into Greece language for the Jew to learn the Bible.,1.Septuagint,希腊文旧约圣经,In,this,period,two,famous,achievements,Famous,translators,and,his,works:,Septuagint(,希腊文旧约圣经,):It is said that at that time,72 scholars used 72 days to translate the Bible in Hebrew language into Greece language for the Jew to learn the Bible.,2,.,Odyssey,in,Latin version,.,奥德赛,In,this,period,two,famous,achievements,Famous,translators,and,his,works:,2).The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original,.,译文的风格和笔调应与原文的一致；3).A translation should have all the ease of the original composition.,译文应和原文同样流畅,。,1).A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work.,译文应完整地再现原文的思想内容,Famous,translators,and,his,works,:,Also,Alexander Tytlers,（,泰特勒,）,three principles of translation are very imporant,which is similar to Yanfus theory,(,信达雅,),:,Feature:,Reason 1:,Reason 2,Five,climaxes,:,In this period,translation was mainly related about the religious stuff.,As the church hatred the secular literature very much,thus,the Bible,the source and psychological weapon of the Christianism naturally meant a lot in religious world.,As the Bible was firstly written in Hebrew(,希伯来语,)and Greece language,so it must be translated in Latin language for the Romans.It reached its climax in the 4,th,century.,The,second,climax:,Translation,in,the,Middle,Age,(4,th,6,th,),Background,：,Jerome,(,杰洛姆,),:the Vulgate(,圣经通用本,),Saint,Jerome was an Latin Christian priest,confessor,theologian and historian,who also became a Doctor of the Church.He is best known for his translation of the Bible into Latin(the Vulgate),and his commentaries on the Gospel of the Hebrews.,Jerome,杰,洛,姆,Famous,translators,and,his,works,:,Five,climaxes:,The,second climax:Translation in the Middle Age(4,th,6,th,),In this period,Toledo,（,托莱多,）,became Europes academic center for its prosperous translation activities.They translated many works from Arabic into Latin.,This was the rare friendly contact between Christian and Muslim and also the third climax.,In Toledo,the translation and academic activities lasted over a hundred years and had a profound influence in western culture.,Translation in the Middle Ages(11,th,12,th,),Five,climaxes,:,The,third climax:,Renaissance is a major development in the history of Western translation,especially in the sixteenth century and later period,the translation activity reached an unprecedented height.Translation deep into all areas of ideology,politics,philosophy,literature,religion,involving large major works of ancient and contemporary,resulting in a large number of distinguished translator and a series of excellent translations.,Translation,in the,Renaissance,period,(14,th,16,th,),Five,climaxes,:,The,fourth,climax:,In France,the writer Amyot,阿米欧,had spent seventeen years(1542-1559)to translate the Plutarchs“Celebrity compare Greek and Roman Biography”.,Chapman,查普曼,from,1598 to 1616 translated“The Iliad”and“Odyssey”,In,France:,The,fourth,climax:,Translation,in,the,Renaissance,period,(14,th,16,th,),Five,climaxes,:,（,伊利亚特,和,奥德赛,）,(,简称,名人传,),Famous,translators,and,his,works:,In,Germany,religious reformer Luther,obeyed,the will of the people,using the language of the people,in 1522-1534,the first printed and published translation,the people of the Bible,creating a new era of modern German development.,Famous,translators,and,his,works:,In,Germany:,The,fourth,climax:,Translation,in the,Renaissance,period(14,th,16,th,),Five,climaxes,:,Florio,in,1603 the translation of Montaigne“essays“,was the brilliant literary star in the English translation.And in 1611,the print of”the King James translation of the Bible”marks another major development in the British history of translation.With English-style authority,population and beauty,it won the reputation of the greatest English translation”,widely known in Britain and had a profound effect on the development of modern English.,In Britain:,The,fourth,climax:,Translation,in the,Renaissance,period(14,th,16,th,),Five,climaxes,:,Famous,translators,and,his,works:,(,弗罗里欧,),（,蒙田的散文集,）,（,钦定圣经译本,）,Five,climaxes:,The fourth,climax:Translation,in,the,Renaissance,period(,14,th,16,th,),In,short,the Renaissance,played,a very important role in,the western,history of the development of translation,it marked that the national language status in the field of literature and translation has finally been consolidated,simultaneously showed the translation played a huge role in the formation and development of the national language,literature and thought .,The,fifth climax of Western translation activities happened since the end of WW.After WW II,the West entered a relatively stable period,the production have been developed.A gradual economic recovery,science and technology are developing rapidly.This is the material basis for the prosper development of translation.,Translation,after,WW,Five,climaxes,:,The,fifth,climax:,1,2,3,Five,climaxes:,the expansion of the scope of the translation,especially in technology,business area.,the scale has exceed the past.,it plays a more and more important role in the world communication of literature,art,science,technology,politics and economy.,The fifth climax,:Translation,after WW,Distictive,features,in this time:,From,the scope,to the scale,effect and to the forms are all different from any time in the past,having made tremendous progress.,4,the form of translation has also been greatly changed and,improved in,three aspects:,安德罗尼柯,(livius Andronicus),是罗马史诗和戏剧的创始人也是罗马最早翻译家。翻译悲剧九部，戏剧三部，第一个把古代希腊史诗和戏剧介绍给罗马社会并使希腊的诗体，韵律适用于拉丁语。,安德罗尼柯,罗,马,文,学,三,大,鼻,祖,涅维乌斯,(Gnaeus Naevius):,古罗马历史剧作家，翻译了六部悲剧，三十部喜剧。创作出新型的“混合喜剧”,涅维乌斯,罗,马,文,学,三,大,鼻,祖,恩尼乌斯,:,Quintus,Ennius:,罗马文学之父。,恩尼乌斯,罗,马,文,学,三,大,鼻,祖,Thank you!,搜集材料,搜集材料,搜集材料,PPT,汇报,小组,成员,及分,工,：,李阳,魏晓洁,邱立立,黄成,李晶晶,PPT,制作,