初三英语下学期名词的数与格.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,名词的数和格,名词,:,用来表示人,事物或抽象概念的词,.,可数名词,:,如,:,cap,ruler,box,story,baby,bus,不可数名词,:,如,:,water,paper,milk,food,tea,gas,可数名词的复数形式,:,一般名词后加,“,s,”.dog,s,以“,s,x,ch,sh,”,结尾的名词后加“,es,”.Watch,es,以,“,f,”“,fe,”,结尾的名词,将,“,f,”“,fe,”,变,“,ves,”.,knife-kni,ves,leaf-lea,ves,4.,以辅音字母加,“,y,”,结尾的名词,去,“,y,”,变,“,i,”,加,“,es,”.,city-cit,ies,party-part,ies,story-stor,ies,5.,以辅音字母加“,o,”,结尾的名词后加“,es,”.,Hero,es,名词复数的不规则变化,1.,内部元音发生变化,foot-f,ee,t man-m,e,n tooth-t,ee,th woman-wom,e,n mouse-m,ic,e,2.,词尾发生变化,ox-ox,en,child-child,ren,3.,有个别名词单复数一样,Deer-deer fish-fish sheep-sheep means-means,方法,works-works,工厂,4.,表示某国人的单复数变化,单复数同形,Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese,词尾加,-s,German-German,s,Russian-Russian,s,American,s,Australian,s,Indian,s,变,man,为,men,Frenchman-Frenchm,e,n,Englishman-Englishm,e,n,不规则的名词复数,:,child,children,foot,feet,tooth,teeth,goose,geese,Ox,oxen,Mouse,mice,man,men,woman wo,men,policeman police,men,gentleman gentle,men,Englishman English,men,Frenchwoman Frenchwo,men,sheep sheep,fish fish,deer deer,aircraft aircraft,Japanese Japanese,Chinese Chinese,people people,没有单数的名词,:,scissors trousers,cloths glasses,G,erman German,s,American American,s,记住,:,roof roofs,chef chefs,chief-chiefs,Exercises:,1.,把下面名词变为复数,:,city,brush,leaf,sheep,goose,German,child,potato,tomato,cities,brushes,leaves,sheep,geese,germen,children,potatoes,tomatoes,2.,翻译下面的词组,:,1.,两杯咖啡,2.,四快面包,3.,七袋大米,4.,八只鹿,5.,一滴油,6.,三个男孩,two cups of coffee,four pieces of bread,seven bags of rice,eight deer,a drop of oil,three boys,复合名词的复数变化,把复合词的主体变复数,a son-in-law son,s,-in-law,a passer-by passer,s,-by,2.,如没有主体名词，则在词尾加,-s,a grown-up grown-up,s,成年人,a go-between go-between,s,中间人,3.,分开写者，通常在第二部分加复数词尾,a boy student boy student,s,a girl friend girl friend,s,第一部分为,man,woman,时，两部分都要,变复数,a man teacher/m,e,n teacher,s,a woman doctor/wom,e,n doctor,s,不可数名词的数,不可数名次一般没有单数形式，没有复数形式,bread,information,clothing,food,homework,hair,water,paper,表示种类或一定数量时，则可以有复数形式,fish-fishes,一些物质名词和抽象名词变为复数后，其次一发生变化,wood,木头,-woods,树木,sand,沙子,-sands,沙滩,time,时间,-times,次数,air,空气,-airs,神气,good,好处,-goods,商品,custom,风俗习惯,-customs,海关,work,工作works,工厂,quarter,四分之一,quarters,住所,arm,胳膊,-arms,武器,cloth,布,-clothes,衣服,名词的格 三种形式,1.,由名词末尾加,s,构成,2.,由介词,of,加名词构成,3.,双重结构,1,。表示有生命的名词，一般在词尾加,s,表示所有关系,boys football,Toms uncle ,the cats food ,my fathers shoes,2,。表示无生命的名次所有格，一般用,of,短语表示,a wheel of the car,the window of the house,the cover of the book,a picture of the classroom,3.,双重结构,of+s,结构,of+,名词性物主代词,a teacher of my brothers,a friend of hers,a photo of Toms(,照片上不一定是汤姆本人）,a photo of Tom,some classmates of Lucys,Two cousins of,Mr,zhangs,