Book-5-U1-Grammar-and-usage-1.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,牛津高中英语,(,模块五,高二上学期,),Advance with English,Grammar,To-infinitive,板块：教学设计,课件,作者：常州市北郊中学 王萍,Unit,1,Unit 1,课件描述：,本课语法教学主要使学生掌握不定式的功能和用法。本课采用语法教学与单元话题紧密结合的方式，使学生在使用英语讨论朋友和友谊这一话题中，发现、归纳、掌握并适当操练不定式的用法。整堂课以上一课时阅读中的内容为线索，给语法教学创设真实的语境，并通过游戏、竞赛等活动，活跃课堂氛围，使学生快乐学习语法。,What can we learn about friendship,from Annies letters?,1.,To talk,to a friend openly and sincerely,when something unpleasant happens is,very important if we are,to keep,the,friendship.,2.We should always remind ourselves,to,trust,our friends whatever happens.,subject,predicative,object complement,Toinfinitive,Study the two letters on Page 5,trying to find out more To-infinitives,in the letters and tell their functions,in the sentences.,You have every right,to feel,betrayed,(attribute),(2)she wanted,to embarrass,you in public,(object),(3)It seems you need,to apologize,quickly,to avoid,losing a good friend!,(4),one of you has,to be,the first,to admit,(object)(attribute),(object),(adverbial),动词不定式由“,to+,动词原形”构成，其否定形式是,not to do,。动词不定式可以单独使用或用作动词,不定式短语的一个部分。不定式在句中可做主语、,宾语、状语、表语,、,宾语补足语和定语等，但不能,单独作谓语。,The functions of To-infinitive,1.,作主语,To read English every day is necessary.,（不定式,to read English every day,做主语）,动词不定式做主语时，为了句子平衡，通常用,it,做形式主语，而把不定式放在谓语之后。例如：,It is necessary to read English every day.,It is a good idea to go for a picnic today.,2.,作宾语,I want to see a film.,（不定式,to see a film,做宾语）,不定式做宾语时，若还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式放在补足语后，用,it,做形式宾语。例如：,He find it difficult to learn Chinese.,We think it important to master a foreign language.,3.,作宾语补足语,He invited me to give a speech on Chinese history.,（不定式,to give a speech on Chinese history,做宾语补足语，补充说明宾语,me,）,I have a letter to post.,(,不定式,to post,做定语，修饰名词,letter),1),做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面须有相应的介词。例如：,She had only a small room to live in.,I need a pen to write with.,4.,作定语,2),试比较：,Do you have anything to wash?,你有什么要洗吗？,（不定式,to wash,的动作执行者是,you,）,Do you have anything to be washed?,你有什么要（别人）洗吗？,（不定式,to wash,的动作执行者是别人，而不是,you,）,5.,作表语,His wish is to become a lawyer.,(,不定式,to become a lawyer,在连系动词,is,后做表语,),6.,作状语,表示目的,。例如：,They worked hard day and night to pay back the debt.,表示结果,。例如：,I hurried to the airport only to find the plane had taken off.,表示原因,。例如：,She felt disappointed to hear the news that she hadnt been promoted.,Pass the sentences on,Thanks to my friends,my life seem,to be getting,easier and more interesting.,Matthew may pretend,to be making,friends,with Peter.,Personally,I feel happy,to have made,some good friends.,He is said,to have recovered,friendship,with Tom.,不定式还有进行形式,(to be doing),和完成形式,(to have done),They seem to be reading in the library.,(,动词不定式,to be reading,表示动作,read,正在发生,),Im sorry to have said that.,（动词不定式,to have said that,表示动作,say,发生在过去，,并且已完成,),Different forms of To-infinitive,A competition,Learn to use To-infinitive to talk about,what you have learned about friends,and friendship.,So we should trust each other to make,our friendship,last,long.,bare infinitive,Brainstorming:,Can you think of other words or phrases after which the bare infinitive is used?,(1),在,feel,hear,listen to,等感官动词后，或在,let,make,have,等使役动词后的宾语补足语中，不定式不带,to,。但是这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带,to,。例如：,I often hear him,sing,the song.,She made me,promise,to write every day.,He is often heard,to sing,the song.,I was made,to promise,to write every day.,Bare infinitive,(2)would rather,had better,和,why not,后面，不定式不 带,to,。例如：,I would rather,stay,at home.,Why not come in?,(3),当两个动词不定式由,and,or,than,rather than,as,或,like,相连接时，通常第二个不定式要省略,to,。例如：,Do you want to go skating or,see,a film?,I decided to write rather than,phone,.,(4),不定式在介词,but,except,后时，若介词前有行为动词,do,的各种形式，介词后的不定式不带,to,。例如：,He did nothing but,point,to the door.,Finish the,Thank-you,letter from,Sarah to Annie by filling in the blanks.,Keys:,(1)to thank (2)to see (3)to think,(4)trust (5)lose (6)apologize,(7)to talk (8)keep (9)to go,(10)not to hate (11)to forgive,(12)be (13)to be getting,(14)to have (15)to have got,(16)get,