英语演讲比赛技巧.ppt

English presentation skills英语演讲技巧英语演讲技巧英英语演语演讲稿讲稿基基本组成部分本组成部分l从大的方面看，英语演讲词实际上是属于一从大的方面看，英语演讲词实际上是属于一种特殊的说明文或议论文，其基本组成部分种特殊的说明文或议论文，其基本组成部分是：是：l1)1)开始时对听众的称呼语开始时对听众的称呼语l2)2)提出论题提出论题l3)3)论证论证l4)4)结论结论l5)5)结尾结尾1)1)开始时对听众的称呼语开始时对听众的称呼语l最常用的是最常用的是 Ladies and gentlemen，也可根，也可根据不同情况，选用据不同情况，选用 Fellow students,Distinguished guests,Mr.Chairman,Honorable Judges(评委评委)等等。等等。2)2)提出论题提出论题l由于演讲的时间限制，必须开门见山，提出论题。由于演讲的时间限制，必须开门见山，提出论题。l-the most important point to make is.l-My first point is.l-Another aspect to bear in mind is.l-It must also be remembered that.l-We mustnt forget that.l-Also,dont forget that/remember that l-Now for something completely different.l-This brings me to.l-Oh,and another thing.3)论证论证l对提出的论题，不可主观地妄下结论，而要进行客观的论证。这是演讲中最需要下功夫的部分。关键是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等等，具体句型如下：“换句话说换句话说.”l-Put in another way.l-Let me put that another way.l-To put that in another way.l-In other words.l-Alternatively you could say that.l-Another way of saying it.l-To put it more bluntly/more concisely.l-If I can rephrase that.l澄清观点澄清观点 l-I will try and put that more clearly/more simply.l-Just in case that wasnt clear,I will rephrase itl-Dont misunderstand me,what I mean is.l-I will just repeat that to make it clear.l-Its important not to confuse/to make a distinction between/to distinguish between.l-This is not to say that.“一般来说一般来说”l-Broadly/generally speaking.l-With a few exceptions/without exception.l-In general/By and large/On the whole/Overall l-As a rule of thumbl-As a general rule/Its generally accepted that.l-Usually/often/frequently it is the case that.谈论细节问题谈论细节问题l-More specifically.l-To take one specific aspect of this.l-Lets focus on one aspect of this.l-One point bears closer examination.l-If we can concentrate on one aspect of this for a moment.l-there is one detail that is worth focusing on.l-Lets go into this in more detail.l-Upon closer examination/investigation.由总到分由总到分l-From that general rule,we can now look at a specific examplel-Time to stop generalizing and start being precisel-What specific points can be drawn from these conclusions?l-Do you want to be precisely wrong or approximately right?举例说明举例说明l-A good example(of this)is.l-.for example.l-For instance.l-As an example(of this).l-To take an example.l-To illustrate this.l-By way of an example.l-An illustration of this is.l-We can illustrate this by.l-We can demonstrate this by.l-This can be seen in the following(illustration).l-Take X,for example.l-Imagine.l-How does this work in practice?4)结论结论l结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。l-Thats all I want to say about this point.l-This concludes what I want to say about.l-.which concludes what I want to say about.l-That wraps up that point.l-That covers that areal-So it can be seen that.l-So we can see that.l-So Ive shown that.l-In conclusion then,.l-To conclude this point then,.l-theres nothing left to say on this point,I think,so.l-I think thats covered that one,so.l-That,then,was.5)结尾结尾l结结尾要简洁，不要拉拉扯扯，说个没完。特尾要简洁，不要拉拉扯扯，说个没完。特别是不要受汉语影响，说些类似别是不要受汉语影响，说些类似”准备不准备不足，请谅解足，请谅解”，”请批评指正请批评指正”这样的废这样的废话。最普通的结尾就是：话。最普通的结尾就是：Thank you very much for your attention。lUnited,there is little we can not do;divided,there is little we can do(对照对照)l团结，我们便将无所不能；分裂，我们则会团结，我们便将无所不能；分裂，我们则会一事无成。一事无成。lLet every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay any price,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty(对照和渐进对照和渐进)英语演讲稿英语演讲稿语言特征语言特征l1)多多用用实实词词，多多用用短短句句，少少用用结结构构复复杂杂的的长长句句。在在英英语语演演讲讲中中，and,but,so,then 等等虚虚词词要要尽尽量量少少用用，that,which 等等词词引引导导的的定定语语从从句句也也只只会会使使句句子子结结构构变变得得复复杂杂，而而使使听听众众难难以以跟跟上上演演讲讲者者的的思思路路，从从而而影影响响演演讲讲的的效效果果。相相反反，多多使使用用实实词词，短短句句，可可使使得得演演讲讲内内容容更更清清晰晰，气气势势更更磅磅礴礴。l2)演讲要注意使用各种修辞手法，增加演讲演讲要注意使用各种修辞手法，增加演讲的感染力和气势。英语演讲中常用的修辞的感染力和气势。英语演讲中常用的修辞手法有：手法有：l渐进渐进(climax)、对照、对照(antithesis)、排比、排比(parallelism)、警句、警句(epigram)等等，等等，l例如：例如：lThat government of the people,by the people,for the people shall not perish from the earth(排比排比)l这个民有、民治、民享的国家将不会从地球这个民有、民治、民享的国家将不会从地球上消失。上消失。演演讲时间要讲时间要越短越好越短越好l英语演讲应该简洁扼要，直截了当。除非特英语演讲应该简洁扼要，直截了当。除非特别需要，一般不要采用中文中的那种迂回别需要，一般不要采用中文中的那种迂回曲折的表达形式。据有关专家统计，一般曲折的表达形式。据有关专家统计，一般人的注意力一次只能集中约人的注意力一次只能集中约13分钟。所以，分钟。所以，演讲长度以演讲长度以1015分钟为宜。下面一个范分钟为宜。下面一个范文：文：演讲的总体措词演讲的总体措词l1）演讲的总体措词是严肃一些还是活泼一些，是有较明）演讲的总体措词是严肃一些还是活泼一些，是有较明显的说教口气还是用平等的口吻，等等，都要根据听众对显的说教口气还是用平等的口吻，等等，都要根据听众对象而定。如果场下听众是同龄的学生，那么演讲的内容只象而定。如果场下听众是同龄的学生，那么演讲的内容只要风趣一些往往就能引起共鸣。但另一方面，如果听众大要风趣一些往往就能引起共鸣。但另一方面，如果听众大多是上了年纪的教师，太多的笑料反而会被认为多是上了年纪的教师，太多的笑料反而会被认为“不严肃不严肃”，“不尊重不尊重”，而引起反感。，而引起反感。l2）用英语演讲，不要用太多）用英语演讲，不要用太多 I feel,I think，老是用，老是用I，显，显得十分主观，狭隘。如果通篇全是得十分主观，狭隘。如果通篇全是 I feel,I think 的内容，的内容，会给人觉得缺乏说服力。另外，会给人觉得缺乏说服力。另外，perhaps,maybe 这样的这样的词语，虽然有词语，虽然有“客气，谦虚客气，谦虚”的成分，但太多会让人觉得的成分，但太多会让人觉得你演讲的内容有不可靠之处。你演讲的内容有不可靠之处。l3）还有，在演讲中，要少用）还有，在演讲中，要少用you，多用，多用we。用。用you等于等于把自己与听众对立起来，而用把自己与听众对立起来，而用we则拉近了与听众的距离。则拉近了与听众的距离。比如：比如：You should not smoke听上去像教训人，而听上去像教训人，而 Lets not smoke听起来是一个不错的建议。听起来是一个不错的建议。