语法填空解题指导.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高考英语语法填空（,Rational Cloze,）考点分析与解题技巧,揭阳东山中学,吴瑛,考什么？,(),纯空格形式的考点如下表：,测试内容,2007,年,2008,年,内,容,题号,答案,题号,答,案,冠词,35,a,介词,33,as,31,Behind/In,39,for,36,after/from,代词,物主代词,33,his,指示代词,人称代词,40,her,34,this/it,不定代词,37,Other/Some,连词,从属连词,32(,宾从,),36(,定从,),who,where,35(,同位,),That,并列连词,37,but/yet,复习思考,(II),用所给词的适当形式填空的考点如下：,测试内容,2007,年,2008,年,内,容,题号,答案,题号,答,案,动,词,非,谓,语,动,词,不定式,32,to help,-ed,分词,34,settled,-,ing,分词,谓语动词,的,时态,语态,31,broke,40,results,形容词或副词的比较级,38,higher,词性转换,38,merrily,39,natural,复习思考,复习思考,Whats the usual way you fulfill the task Grammar Filling?,三步完成,概读理解,分析填空,连贯检查,复习思考,思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢,?,Group Work,Discuss with your group members about the following sentences,and try to figure out some similarities of the words we should fill in.,考点分析,语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以,动词,(verb),（或其适当形式）,、,名词,(noun),、代词,(pronoun),、冠词,(article),、介词,(prep.),、情态动词,(modal verbs),、连词,(conj),或引导词、形容词,(adj.),和副词,(adv.),考查各项语法内容。,3.the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to,small town some 20 kilometers away,(07,年广东,),考点一：冠词,无提示词,可数名词单数之前,1.There once were a goat and a donkey.So the farmer killed 40_ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.,(07,惠州一模,),2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure,I think of Donnie.He was 35_ shy,nervous perfectionist.,(08,深圳二模,),the,a,考查语法点,:,定冠词,不定冠词的用法,考点分析,a,解题技巧,下列情况很可能填,不定冠词：,(1)_+,可数名词,(,单数,),；,(2)_+,形容词,+,可数名词,(,单数,),。,下列情况下很可能填,定冠词,：,(1)_(+,定语,)+,名词,+of,等介词短语,(,表示特指,),2)_(+,定语,)+,名词,+,定语从句,(,表示特指,),；,(3)_(+,定语,)+,名词,+,不定式短语或分词短语,(,表示特指,),。,考点分析,考点二：介词,无提示词：注意搭配问题,与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等,与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语,1.In short,I believe that it is 39_ great use to keep a dairy in English,(07,深二模,),2.When I took the money from her grandparents,I looked back 34_the girl,who was giving me the most optimistic,largest smile I had ever seen.,(08,深圳一模,),3.She found some good quality pipes,_,sale.,(09,广东,),4.He was very tired,_,doing this for a whole day,(08,广东,),of,at,考查语法点,:,介词的基本用法及惯用搭配,考点分析,on,from/after,考点三：代词,无提示词,作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。,指示代词（,it,和,this,）,不定代词，,it用作引导词,反身代词等,考查语法点,:,代词的基本用法,考点分析,1.She remembered how difficult,_,was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.,(08,广东,),2.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village,I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _.,(07,广东,),3.It has been said before,but experiencing it myself has made _ want to say it again:a smile,(09,江门二模,),it,her,me,考点分析,解题技巧,因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词,在,句子,中,作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词,(,不能作主语,),等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。,考点四：连词或从句引导词,无提示词,两个主谓结构连接,1.It was not long 39_ the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw.,(07,深圳一模,),2.But nothing changed until midterm,39_ Mary Anne,a student teacher,was appointed to our classroom.,(08,深圳二模,),3.Jane paused in front of a counter _ some attractive ties were on display.,(09,广东,),4.One day,he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.,(08,广东,),before,when,考查语法点,:,各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法,考点分析,where,that,解题技巧,(1),连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词,and,or,but,等。,(2),若两个句子,(,有两个主谓结构,),之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。,根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句,(,多要求考生填,and,but,while,when,or,等,),还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。,考点分析,考点五：谓语动词,有提示词,与主语构成主谓结构,1.I was certain she would like it because I _(tell)by my classmates that she loved hot food.,(07,广州一模,),2.His fear of failure _(keep)him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon.,(08,深圳二模,),3.Being too anxious to help an event develop often _(result)in the contrary to our intention.,(08,广东,),was told,kept,考查语法点,:,谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致,考点分析,results,考点六：非谓语动词,有提示词,除谓语动词以外的动词形式,1.We must also consider the reaction of the person 32_(receive)the gift.,(07,广州一模,),2.I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _(complete)the rest!,(07,广二模,),3.My pupils,Donnie 40_(include),adored her.,(08,深圳二模,),4.She wished that he was as easy _(please)as her mother,who was always delighted with perfume.,(09,广东,),receiving,to complete,included,考查语法点,:,非谓语动词及变形的使用,考点分析,to please,考点七：词性转换,有提示词,介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子,1.“Thirty-five cents,”she said 36_(rude).,(07,深圳一模,),2.As far as I am concerned,my 37 _(suggest)is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach.,(08,惠二模,),3.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _(nature)course.,(08,广东,),4._(doubt),although there is still room for improvement to this policy,I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation.,(09,汕头水平考试,),rudely,suggestion,考查语法点,:,各类词性的正确使用及转化,考点分析,natural,Undoubtedly,考点八：形容词的级,有提示词,通常，有表示范围的,in/of,介词短语或形容词前有,the,时，一般要用最高级；,than,的前面一定要用比较级,One of the 33_(bad)gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher,(07,广州一模,),2.We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words.,When it was time to leave,I said“thank you”in Korean,using some of the few words I had learned.I felt _(lonely)than I had expected that night.(2009,届江,门二模,),3.,Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer.Critics call her one of the _(great)writers of our time.,(,双语报第,3,期,),worst,考点分析,less lonely,greatest,总结提升,一,根据句子结构，确定,词性,动词,名词,形容词,副词,冠词,介词,连词,代词,词性,一般有,提,示,词,无,提,示,词,总结提升,二根据上下文意义及语法，确定,词形,冠词,定冠词,不定冠词,并列句及复合句,非谓语,非谓语动词,to do,doing,done,及变形,谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致,连词,介词,介词的常用用法及词组搭配,词性变化,词汇,构词法,谓语动词,代词,人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词,根据语义,确定词,形,分析句子,确定词,性,解题四步走,提示：四步走归根到底其实就是,寻找依据,每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在,所在的句子中或者上下文中,找到它的依据,通读全文,理解大意,总结提升,检查搭配,前后连贯,Long ago the Emperor decided to hold a swimming race between 13 different animals.The order in which they finished would decide the order of their,31,(appear)in the Chinese calendar.All the animals lined up on the river bank and,32,(give)the task of getting to the opposite shore.The cat wondered how he would get across,33,he was afraid of water.The ox worried how he would cross,34,his poor eyesight.The calculating rat suggested that he and the cat,35,(jump)onto the oxs back and guide,appearance,were given,because/as,with,jump,实战演练,2009,年广州调研,him across.The ox,steady and hard-working,did not notice the two animals on his back.In the meanwhile,the rat ran behind the unsuspecting cat and pushed,36,into the water.As the ox came ashore,the rat jumped off and finished the race first.,37,the rat got the first year,38,(name)after him and the ox got the second year.,39,the lazy pig reached the finish line in the 12th place the race was over and he was awarded the final place on the calendar.From that day the cat,40,never finished and lost his place on the calendar,became the enemy of the rat.,实战演练,who,When/After,named,So,him,A young man,while traveling through a desert,，,came across a spring of clear water.,31,water was sweet.He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder,32,had been his teacher.After a four-day journey,the young man,33,(present)the water to the old man.His teacher took a deep drink,smiled,34,(warm),and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.The young man went home,35,a happy heart.,After the student left,the teacher let,36,student taste the water.He spit it out,37,(say),The,who,presented,warmly,with,saying,another,2010年广东高考语法填空,复习思考,it was awful.Apparently,it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container.He asked his teacher,”Sir,the water was awful.Why did you pretend to like,38,?”,The teacher replied,”You tasted the water.I tasted the gift.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be,39,(sweet).”,We understand this lesson best,40,we receive gifts of love from children.Whether it is a cheap pipe on a diamond necklace,the proper response is appreciation.We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.,that,sweeter,it,1.,对于文章,，要熟悉语境。,5.,对于连词、介词、关系代词、关系副词,等不仅要理解 它们的意思，还要熟记它们，在考试时能准确、快速地提取它们。,3.,对于动词,，要掌握常用的时态、语态、非谓语动词的用法以及词形变化。,2.,对于句子，,要能够分析其结构，懂得在什么时候该 用 什么词性。,4.,对于名词、形容词、副词,等，不仅要背诵其意义和拼写，还好掌握基本的词形变换。,几点建议：,Practice Makes Perfect!,不断记忆，积累词汇,夯实基础，学好语法,大声朗读，培养语感,坚持不懈，多做练习,Thank you,