词类的转译.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,词类的转译,1,、转译为动词,名词转译成动词,介词转译成动词,形容词转译成动词,副词转译成动词,名词转译成动词,英语中大量由动词派生的名词和具有动作意义的名词以及其它名词可以转译为动词。,由动词派生的名词,Rockets have found,application,for the,exploration,of the universe.,火箭已经,用来探索,宇宙。,The government called for the,establishment,of more technical schools.,政府号召,建立,更多的技术学校。,My,suggestion,is that he should quit smoking at once.,我,建议,他立刻戒烟。,作为习语主体的名词（动词短语）,They took a final,look,at Iron Mike,still intact in the darkness.,他们最后,看了,铁麦克一眼,-,它依然安然无恙地耸立在黑暗中。,The next news bulletin,shorter than usual,made no,mention,of the demonstration.,下一个新闻节目比通常短，没有,提到,游行。,含有动作意味的名词,The,sight,and,sound,of our jet planes filled me with special longing.,看到,我们的喷气式飞机，,听见,隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。,A,glance,through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial.,从他的办公室窗口可以一眼,看到,华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪念馆的全景。,As the week drew to a,close,the enemy,routwas complete.,一周快,结束,时，敌人彻底,溃退,了。,Every morning she would go to the lake area for a,walk,.,每天早上，她都要到湖区去,散步,。,强调动作的人名,I am no,drinker,nor,smoker,.,我既不,喝酒,，也不,抽烟,。,This pupil is a good,writer,.,这个小学生文章,写,得不错。,He is a,lover,of calligraphy.,他,爱好,书法。,I am afraid I cant teach you swimming.I think my little brother is a better,teacher,than I.,我未必会教你游泳。我想我的小弟弟比我,教,得好。,Talking with his son,the old man was the,forgiver,of the young mans past wrong doings.,在和儿子谈话时，老人,宽恕,了年青人过去所干的坏事。,介词转译成动词,没有动作意味仅仅表示时间、地点的介词，翻译时可以省略。有动作意味的介词，翻译时应译成动词。,He came to my home,for,help.,他来到我家，,请求,帮助。,He caught the ball,with,his left hand.,他,用,左手接球。,What are you,after,?,你,追求,什么？,At noon,she came home,for,lunch.,中午，她回家,吃,午饭。,They worked long hours,on,meager food,in,cold caves,by,dim lamps.,他们,吃,简陋的饮食，,住,寒冷的窑洞，,靠,着微弱的灯光，长时间地工作。,“,Coming!”Away she skimmed,over,the lawn,up,the path,up,the steps,across,the veranda,and,into,the porch.,“,来啦！”她转身蹦着跳着跑了，,越过,草地，,跑上,小径，,跨上,台阶，,穿过,凉台，,进了,门廊。,形容词转译成动词,英语中表示知觉、情欲、欲望等心理状态的形容词，在联系动词后作表语用时，可转译成汉语动词。如：,confident,certain,careful,ignorant,doubtful,ashamed,anxious,grateful,等,Doctor have said that they are not,sure,they can save his life.,医生们说他们不敢,肯定,能否救得了他的命。,The fact that she was,ableto send a message was a hint.But I had to be cautious.,她,能够,给我带个信儿这件事就是个暗示。但是我必须,小心谨慎,。,副词转译成动词,As he ran out,he forgot to have his shoes,on,.,他跑出去时，忘记了,穿,鞋子。,That day he was,up,before sunrise.,那天他在日出前就,起来,了。,She opened the window to let fresh air,in,.,她把窗子打开，让新鲜空气,进来,。,2,、转译成名词,动词转译为名词,被动句中的动词转译为名词,形容词转译为名词,动词转译为名词,名词派生的动词,Formality has always,characterized,their relationship.,他们之间的关系，有一个,特点,，就是以礼相待。,As the war progressed,he would,symbolize,their frustrations,the embodiment of all evils.,随着战争的进行，他成了他们受挫的,象征,，成了一切坏事的化身。,To them,he,personified,the absolute power.,在他们看来，他就是绝对权威的,化身,。,名词转用的动词,In the early dawn,the guard towers were,silhouetted,against the sky.,黎明时，天空映出了瞭望塔的,轮廓,。,Most U.S.spy satellites are,designed,to burn up in the earths atmosphere after completing their missions.,美国绝大多数间谍卫星，按其,设计,，是在完成使命后，在大气层中焚毁。,被动句中的动词转译为名词,Snow,was treated,very shabbily by the U.S.press and officialdom during this period,victimized,for his views.,在此期间，斯诺,受到,了美国新闻界和政界极不公正的,对待,，由于他的观点，他,受到了迫害,。,Satellites,however,must,be closely watched,for they,are constantly being tugged,at by the gravitational attraction of the sun,moon and earth.,由于经常,受到,太阳、月亮及地球引力的,影响,，卫星活动必须,加以,密切的,观察,。,形容词转译为动词,They did their best to help,the sick,and,the wounded.,他们尽了最大的努力帮助,病号和伤员,。,Stevenson was,eloquent and elegant,-but,soft.,史蒂文森有,口才,、有,风度,，但很,软弱,。,They were considered,insincere,.,他们被人认为是,伪君子,。,3,、转译为形容词,形容词派生的名词,The,pallor,of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment.,她,苍白,的脸色清楚地表明了她那时的情绪。,The,security,and,warmth,of the destroyers sick bay were wonderful.,驱逐舰的病室很,安全,也很,温暖,，好极了。,名词加不定冠词作表语,The performance was a,success,.,表演很,成功,。,As he is a perfect,stranger,in the city,I hope you will give him the necessary help.,他对这城市完全,陌生,，所以我希望你能给他必要的帮助。,The film impressed him,deeply,.,这部电影给了他,深刻的,印象。The president had prepared,meticulously,for his journey.,总统为这次出访作了,十分周密的,准备。,4,、转译为副词,This is sheer nonsense.,这完全是胡说。,He is in a clear minority.,他显然属于少数。,We took brief,restless naps,我们短暂地、不安地睡了几次。,It was a,clear and unemotional,exposition of the presidents reasons for willing to begin a,sino,-US dialogue.,这篇发言,清楚明白、心平气和,地说明了总统希望开始中美对话的原因。,The new mayor earned some appreciation by the,courtesy,of coming to visit the city poor.,新市长,有礼貌地,前来访问城市贫民，获得了他们的一些好感。,Exercises,An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs.,He was a regular visitor.,They were suspicious and resentful of him.,We found difficulty in solving this complicated problem.,Warm discussions arose on every corner as to his achievements.,读一点世界史，对学习时事是有帮助的。,他经常来。,他们不信任他，讨厌他。,我们感到，解决这个复杂的问题是困难的。,到处在热烈地讨论他的成就。,