课堂用四、六级翻译归类及总结.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,大学英语六级真题归纳分类,翻译部分,主要内容,1.,综述,2.,样题分析,3.,三大考点,综述,考试的最后一个阶段是翻译，,5,分钟处理,5,个句子。四级试卷上的翻译部分，特点是：,一，考题只考查汉译英，没有英译汉。,二，内容单纯，只是一般的短句翻译，没有大主题语境，不需要专业理论知识。,三，名为翻译，实为补全句子，考查语法结构和词组运用知识。每句只涉及,15,个左右的英语词，需添入的部分也只有,3,到,8,个单词，其中隐含着四级水平考生应当掌握的句型、语法、词组知识点。,根据近几年的翻译真题来看，针对,某项语法重复考察率,比较高，所以对曾经考察过的语法点依然不可松懈。,以下就这些,重点语法项目,分类归纳。,三大考点：,I.,语法结构,(grammar),II.,固定搭配,(set structures),III.,重点单词,(key words),I.,语法结构,(grammar),考察的语法点：,A.,倒装句型和强调句,B.,虚拟语气,C.,非谓语动词（分词、动名词、不定式）,D.,从句,(,状语从句、定语从句、主语从句,),E.,比较结构（比较级，比较状语从句）,F.,情态动词和将来完成时,G.,被动语态,A.,倒装句型,常用句型（以倒装方式给出）,以此类推，掌握如下,Not only.but also So(Such)that.Not until.Neither.nor.Hardly.when.No sooner than.Only by/through/in.,.,A.,倒装句型和强调句,(,语法）,1.,当“,only+,状语”位于句首表示强调时,用倒装，如不在句首或虽在句首但不修辞状语时用正常语序。,Only when you,have obtained sufficient data,can you,come to a sound conclusion.,Only in this way can we,catch up with the worlds advanced levels in science and technology.,A.,倒装句型,(,语法）,真题：,(6,级,07.6)83.,Only in the small town _(,他才感到安全和放松,).,其他如：,only then,；,only once,；,only in AmericaChina,only after the accident,等。,2,.never,等具有否定意义的词,或词组,居于句首时,用倒装。,Not only was Churchill,a statesman,but also a poet.,Never in all my life have I,heard such nonsense.,真题：,（,6,级,2007.12,）,The witness was told that under no circumstances_.(,他都不应该对法庭说谎,),should he lie to the court.,（,6,级,2006.12,）,_(,直到截止日他才寄出,)his application form.,Not until the deadline did he send(out),这类词或词组常用的有：,never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,not until,by no means,under no circumstances,under no condition,in no way(,决不,),in no case(,决不,),neither(nor),no sooner(than),hardly(when),barely(,仅仅，几乎不,),on no account,in no circumstances(,决不,),not a bit,nowhere,not onlybut also,等。,3.,the more,the more,结构中的倒装。,The more knowledge,students have about the school,the easier it will be,for them to adapt to the new environment.,真题：（,2006.6,）,90.,The more,you explain,_(,我愈糊涂,).,the more confused I am,强调句,(6,级,2007.1,）,_(,直到截止日他才寄出,)his application form.,It was not until the deadline that he sent(out),It is/was+,被强调部分,+that/who,这个结构，需要注意以下几点：,强调句中的系动词除,is,和,was,之外，没有其他形式变化,;,被强调部分如果是人，可以用,who,也可以用,that,其他情况用,that(,常识性知识，一般不能作为考点,),。,在,not,until,句型里，如果强调由,until,所引导的时间状语时，,not,须跟在,until,之前，即构成,It is not until,that,结构。,强调句,It is because,she is too inexperienced,that,she does not know how to deal with the serious situation.,It is because,the water had risen,that,they could not cross the river.,注意：,强调的如果是,原因状语从句，只能由,because,引导,，不能由,since,as,或,why,引导。,It was not until the second year that,he has adapted himself to the college life.,6,级真题练习,（,6,级样题）,76.,The customer complained that no sooner _(,他刚试着使用这台机器,它就不运转了,).,76,.had he tried to,use the machine than it stopped working,（,6,级,06.12)76._,(,直到截止日他才寄出,)his application form.,76.,Not until the deadline did he,send out,(6,级,07.6)83.,Only in the small town _(,他才感到安全和放松,).,83.,does he feel,secure and relaxed,6,级真题练习,（,6,级,07.12,）,86.,The witness was told that under no circumstances _(,他都不应该对法庭说谎,).,86,.should he lie,to the court/is he allowed to lie to the court,(08.66,级,)85.,Never once _(,老两口互相争吵,)since they were married 40 years ago.,have the old couple,quarreled with each other,6,级真题练习,（,6,级,09.12,）,86.,Much _(,我感到遗憾,),I was unable to finish the work on time.,86.,regretful did I feel,（,6,级,10.6,）,84.,He assured his friend that under no circumstances _(,他会违背还钱的承诺,).,84.,would he break,his promise to pay the money back.,B.,虚拟语气,虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下：,1.(should)+,动词原形的情形,2.if,或,but for,等引导的条件句,3.,wish,if only,4.,it is time,的用法,在表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”动词后的宾语从句中,。,要求：,ask,desire,request,demand,require,beg,提议、劝告、建议：,propose,suggest,recommend,advise,决定、命令：,decide,order,主张：,maintain,urge,同意、坚持：,consent,insist,She insisted that,the seats(should),be booked in advance.,He advised that,the doctor(should),be sent,for.,虚拟语气,-1.,虚拟语气,-2.,在,advice,demand,order,necessity,resolution,decision,proposal,requirement,suggestion,idea,recommendation,request,plan,等名词后的,同位语从句或表语从句,中（上面,v.,对应的,n.),He issued,the order that,the troops(should)withdraw at once.,I make,a proposal that,we(should)hold a meeting next week.,在形容词,important,necessary,imperative,natural,urgent,essential,appropriate,desirable,vital,advisable,preferable,incredible,以及短语,no wonder,a pity,等可以构成“,It is+,形容词（名词）,+that”,句型中,。,It is,necessary that,some immediate effort(should)be made.,真题,(10.6)90,It is suggested that the air conditioner _(,要安装在窗户旁,),。,90.be installed near the window,（,6,级,2007.6,）,It is absolutely,unfair,that these children _(,被剥夺了受教育的权利,).,These children(should)be deprived of the right to receive education.,虚拟语气,-3.,在,for fear that,in case,lest,引导的目的状语从句中，若用虚拟语气，从句谓语为,should+,动词原形,且,should,不能省略,.,She examined the door again,for fear that,a thief should come in.,He started out earlier,lest,he should be late.,虚拟语气,-4.,虚拟语气,-5.,if,或,but for等引导的条件句 ,条件从句,结果主句,与现在事实相反,动词过去式,(be,动词用,were),would+,动词原形,与过去事实相反,had+,过去分词,(had done),would have done,与将来事实相反,一般过去时,/were+,不定式,/should+,动词原形,would/should+,动词原形,He,wouldnt feel,so cold,if he were,indoors,.(,与现在事实相反）,The conference,wouldnt have been,so successful,if we hadnt made,adequate preparations,.(,与过去事实相反）,If it,snowed/were to snow/should snow,tomorrow,I,should(would)stay,at home.(,与将来事实相反,),but for=if it were not for/if it had not been forl,But for your help they,would not have fulfilled,the task in time.,虚拟语气,-5.,虚拟语气,-6.,动词,wish,后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,I wish she were here.,I wish you would go with us tomorrow.,I wish she had taken my advice.,与现在事实相反,were,或动词的一般过去式,与过去事实相反,had done,或,would/could have done,将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望,would/should(could,might)+,动词原形,虚拟语气,-7.,if only,后用虚拟语气（要是,就太好了）,If only,she had known,where to find you.,If only,I could speak,several foreign languages!,现在没有实现的愿望,一般过去式,过去没有实现的愿望,过去完成式,It is(high/about)time that+,主语,+,动词的过去式,/should+,动词原形,，表示“早该做某事了”。,It is time that,I went to,pick up my daughter at school.,It is high time,you should go,to work.,真题练习,虚拟语气,-8.,（,6,级,08.6,）,83.Mary couldnt have received my letter,_.,（否则她上周就该回信了）。,83.otherwise,she would have replied to me last week,(6,级,09.12),84.The manager _(,本可以亲自参加会议,),but he was called away for some urgent business abroad.,84.could have attended the meeting in person(by himself),（,6,级,10.6,）,85.,Most educators advise that kids _(,不要沉溺于电脑游戏,).,85.should not be absorbed in PC games.,虚拟语气,-,6,级真题,虚拟语气,-,6,级真题,(6,级样题,)72.,It was essential that _(,我们在月底前签订合同,).,72.we sign the contract before the end of the month,（,6,级,06.12,）,72.If you had _(,听从了我的忠告,你就不会陷入麻烦,).,72.followed my advice/suggestion,you would not have been/put yourself in trouble.,（,6,级,07.12,）,82 But for mobile phones,_(,我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便,).,82.our communication would not have been so efficient and convenient.,C.,非谓语动词,分词,六级真题,2,个,（,6,级,07.6,）,82.,The auto manufacturers found themselves _(,正在同外国公司竞争市场的份额,).,peting with overseas/foreign companies for market share,（,6,级,10.6,）,86.,Business major as he is,he has _(,从未考虑过从事推销员工作,).,86.never considered working as a salesman/to do sales work.,动名词,真题,2,题,（,6,级,09.6,）,83.,_(,保持幽默有助于,)reduce stress and promote creative thinking in todays competitive society.,83.Keeping a sense of humor helps,（,6,级样题）,75.The workmen think _(,遵守安全规则很重要,).,75.it very important to comply with,follow the safety regulations,（形式宾语）,（,6,级,09.6,）,86.She has decided to go on a diet,but finds _(,很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑,).,86.it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream,（形式宾语）,（,6,级,09.12,）,83.The theory he advanced has proved _(,对许多传统概念的一种挑战,).,83.to be a challenge to many traditional concepts,不定式,六级真题,3,个,D.,从句,a.,定语从句,b.状语从句,c.,主语从句,d.,其他从句,a.,定语从句,6,级真题,3,个,(08.6)82.,We can say a lot of things about those_,（,毕生致力于诗歌的人,）,;they are passionate,impulsive,and unique.,82.who dedicate/devote/contribute their whole life to poems,(08.12)83.,It was very dark,but Mary seemed to _(,本能地知道该走哪条路。,),83.know which way to take instinctively.,（,10.6,）,83.,Before you take any action,please remember to _(,权衡你的决定会产生的后果,).,83.weigh and consider the consequences which your action may produce.,b.,状语从句,4,级真题,3,个,(,样题,),The substance does not dissolve in water _(,不管是否加热,),。,Whether(it is)heated or not,（,07.6,）,91.,Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _(,如果你方便的话,).(,条件状语从句）,at your convenience/if it is convenient for you,b.,状语从句,4,级真题,（,07.12,）,89.,I am going to pursue this course,_(,无论我要作出什么样的牺牲,).(no matter,引导的让步状语从句,),no matter at what expense(cost)/,No matter what sacrifice I have to pay/make,no matter what I have to sacrifice(pay)/would have to sacrifice(pay),(08.6,）,89.,Leaving ones job,_,（,不管是什么工作,）,is a difficult change even for those who look forward to retiring.,89.whatever job it is/no matter what job it is,c.,（语法）主语从句,主要由,that,what,whether,how,以及其它词引导，还有就是由代词,it,作形式主语。,That he survived the accident,is a miracle.,注意,：,尽管,that,并没有实际含义，但是他起到引导主语从句的功能，,在这里不可或缺。,What he enjoys doing,is ignored by society as of no value or importance.,How he managed to finish the job,is of interest to us all.,Whether the results will be valuable,depends partly on our attitudes towards it.,注意,：,whether,引导的主语从句位于句首时，,whether,不能由,if,代替。,真题,c.,主语从句,4,级真题,2,个,(08.12),88.,_(,大多数父母所关心的,)is proving the best education possible for their children.,88.What most parents concern,（,09.6,）,90.,_(,很多人所没有意识到的,)is that Simon is a lover of sports,and football in particular,。,90,：,What most people havent realized,（,6,级,08.12,）,86.,Your resume should attract a would-be bosss attention by demonstrating _(,为什么你是某个特定职位的最佳人选,),。,86.why you would be the best candidate.,（,6,级,09.12,）,82.,How long does a jacket like this last?_(,这要看你多长时间穿一次,).,82.It depends on how often you wear it,c.,其他从句,6,级真题,2,个,（,6,级,07.12,）,83.,In handling an embarrassing situation,_(,没有什么比幽默更有帮助的了,).,83.nothing is more helpful than humor/a sense of humor,（,6,级,07.12,）,85.,Human behavior is mostly a product of learning,_(,而动物的行为主要依靠本能,).,85.while animal behavior depends mainly upon(,或,on)their instinct(s),（,比较状语从句）,(6,级,08.12),85.,Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and _(,与不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低,),。,85.a lower death rate compared with relatively inactive people,E.,比较结构,-,6,级真题,3,题,（,6,级,08.6,）,84.,Nancy is supposed to_,（做完化学实验）,at least two weeks ago.,84.have finished the chemistry experiment,（,6,级,09.6,）,85.,When people say,“I can feel my ears burning,”it means they think _(,一定有人在说他们坏话,).,85.there must be someone who is speaking ill of them,F.,情态动词和将来完成时,6,级,2,个,G.,被动语态,（,06.6,）,91.,Though,a skilled worker,_(,他被公司解雇了,)last week because of the economic crisis.,91.he was fired by the company,(6,级,06.12)73.,With tears on her face,the lady _(,看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术室,).,73.watched her injured son being sent into the surgery/operation room.,G.,被动语态,(6,级,06.12)74.,After the terrorist attack,tourists _(,被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游,).,74.were(have been)suggested/advised not to travel to that country at the moment.,（跟双宾语动词的被动语态）,（,6,级,07.6,）,84.,It is absolutely,unfair,that these children _(,被剥夺了受教育的权利,).,84.be deprived of the right to receive education/be denied the right to receive education,II.,固定搭配,(set structures),尤其是动介词词组，如,adapt to.,have trouble doing,，,be likely to do.,attribute to.,等类似样式。,真题,(06.12)87.,Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to_(,适应不同文化中的生活,),87.adapt oneself to life/living in different cultures.,(06.12)91,The nations population continues to rise_(,以每年,1200,万人的速度,),91.at a speed/rate of 12 million per year/,at an annual speed of 12 million,(6,级大纲样题,)73.To,our delight,she_(,进大学一个月就适应了校园生活,)73.adapted(herself)to campus life a month after entering college,74.,The new government,was accused,_(,未实现其降低失业率的承诺,).,74.of failure to fulfill its promise to reduce the unemployment rate,（,6,级,06.12,）,75.,I prefer to communicate with my customers _(,通过写电子邮件而不是打电话,).,75.via/with/through email instead of/rather than telephone,固定搭配,6,级真题,（,6,级,07.6,）,85.,Our years of hard work are all in vain,_(,更别提我们花费的大量金钱了,).,85.let alone/not to mention the large amount of money we have spent,（,6,级,08.6,）,86.,_,（一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖于）,the quality of education of its people.,86.To a great extent,the future prosperity of a country depends on,To what degree/extant;to a great degree;to a certain degree;in a certain sense.,(6,级,09.6)82.,With the oil prices ever rising,she tried to talk _(,说服他不买车,).,82.him out of buying a car,固定搭配,6,级真题,（,6,级,09,6,）,84.,When confronted with the evidence,_(,他不得不坦白自己的罪行,).,84.he had no choice but to confess the crime he had committed,（,6,级,09.12,）,85.,Both research and practical experience have shown that a _(,均衡的饮食对健康是必不可少的,).,85.balanced diet is essential to health,III.,重点单词,(key words),6,级真题,英语六级改错考点解析及应试技巧,常考典型错误,1,、一致性方面的错误,1,）主谓一致,例：,Thepresidentofthecompany,togetherwiththeworkers,areplanninga,conferenceforthepurposeofsolvingfinancialproblems.,2,）名词单复数,例：,Computer,asweallknow,hasmanypossibleuseindifferentfields.,3,）代词与先行词一致,例：,Aknowledgeofseverallanguagesis,essentialtoothermajors,study,because,withoutthemonecanreadbooksonlyintranslation.,2,、时态、语态、虚拟语气,1,）时态错误,Hecantrememberwhatheonceknows.,2,）语态错误,例：,Shewasveryangryatnottellingthetruthwhenshelistenedtotheaccount.,3,）虚拟语气错误,例：,WestronglysuggestthatHenryistold,abouthisphysicalconditionassoonas,possible.,3,、连接词、并列句、从属句,例：,Scienceistheproductionofnewknowledgethatcanbeappliedornot,since,technologyistheapplicationofknowledgetotheproductionofsomeproducts,machineryorthelike.,4,、形容词、副词比较级、最高级,例：,Microwaveovensaregenerallymore,costlierthancommonovens.,5,、非谓语动词,非谓语动词是令人头疼的改错类型，它包括不定式、分词、动名词。六级改错中主要出现的是非谓语动词与主要谓,答题步骤,一、先通读全文,二、综合运用所学语言知识,根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题,(,即改词、加词或减词,),。,三、验证答案,Thats all!Thank you!,Wish you success!,