大鼠解剖图谱—中英文.ppt

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Rat Dissection,The following slides are intended to helpyou with dissection of the rat and then to review for the lab practical that will follow.,RATS,Rat Dissection,Scientific Name:Rattus,norvegicus,Common Name:Rat,Kingdom-,Animalia,Phylum-,Chordata,Subphylum-,Vertebrata,Class-,Mammalia,Order-,Rodentia,RATS,Rat Dissection,The following web sites were used to obtain various dissection pictures.,(1),www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/science/biological_sciences/lab,15/biolab15_1.html,(2),www.gisbornesc.vic.edu.au/home/jans/home/rat.htm,(3),has an excellent self quiz!,Urogenital,Tutorial-,www.biolsci.monash.edu.au/undergrad/erat/index.html,SOURCES,Rat Dissection,REMOVING SKIN,Source#4,Rat Dissection,REMOVING SKIN,Source#7,Rat Dissection,REMOVING SKIN,Source#4,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,B,ranchial,:,鳃的,E,xterna,auditory,meatus,：外耳道,T,emporalis,：颞肌,Orbicularis,oculi,：眼轮匝肌,parotid duct,：腮腺导管,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source#1,侧面,皮大肌,背阔肌,嚼肌,颈外静脉,二头肌,肋间,肌,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,脊三角肌,肱三头肌外侧头,肱三头肌长头,肘,肩三角肌,棒状三角肌,肱肌,肱二头肌短头,腕,近端,头部 尾部,远端,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,肩峰斜方肌,锁三角肌,脊三角肌,肩三角肌,肘,前臂,腕,背侧,头部 尾部,腹侧,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,W,rist:,腕关节,L,ong head of biceps,brachi,:,肱二头肌长头,M,edial head of triceps:,肱三头肌内侧头,C,oracobrachialis,:,喙头肌,E,lbow,：肘部,T,ensor fasciae,antebrachi,:,L,ong head of triceps:,肱三头肌长头,A,xilla,region:,腋部,S,hort head of biceps,brachi,:,肱二头肌短头,C,ranial:,颅侧,Caudal:,尾侧,D,istal:,远心端,P,roximal:,近心端,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source#1,E,xternal jugular vein:,颈外静脉,P,ectoralis,muscles:,胸肌,T,riceps:,肱三头肌,B,iceps:,二头肌,M,asseter,:,咬肌,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source#1,Cutaneous,maximus,:,External jugular vein:,颈外静脉,Linea,alba:,腹白线,Rat Dissection,MUSCLESSource#5,T,ransversus,abdominis,:,腹横肌,E,pigastric,vein:,腹壁下静脉,R,ectus,abdominis,:,腹直肌,I,nternal oblique:,腹内斜肌,E,xternal oblique:,腹外斜肌,Rostral,:,头侧,Caudal:,尾侧,Lateral:,外侧,Medial:,内侧,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,T,high:,大腿,H,ip:,臀部,G,luteus,maximus,:,臀大肌,C,aput,vertebralis,:,C,aput pelvis:,B,icepsfemoris,:,股二头肌,S,emitendinosus,:,半腱肌,V,astus,lateralis,:,股外侧肌,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,V,astus,lateralis,:,股外侧肌,A,dductor,magnus,:,大收肌,B,iceps,femoris,:,股二头肌,S,emimembranosus,:,半膜肌,C,ranial:,颅侧,C,audal:,尾侧,D,orsal:,背侧,V,entral:,腹侧,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,I,liacus,:,髂肌,P,ectineus,:,耻骨肌,A,dductor,longus,:,长收肌,G,luteus,medius,:,臀中肌,V,astus,lateralis,:,股外侧肌,R,ectus,femoris,:,股直肌,V,astus,medialis,:,股内侧肌,A,dductor,magnus,:,大收肌,G,racilis,:,股薄肌,F,lexor,digitorum,superficialis,:,指,(,趾）浅屈肌,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,Flexor,digitorum,superficialis,:,指,(,趾）浅屈肌,T,ibialias,anterior:,胫骨前肌,F,lexor,digitorum,profundis,:,指,(,趾）深屈肌,F,ibularis,longus,:,S,oleus,:,比目鱼肌,L,ateral head of,gastrocnemius,:,腓肠肌外侧头,P,lantaris,:,跖肌,medial head of,gastrocnemius,:,腓肠肌内侧头,C,alcaneal,tendon:,跟腱,H,eel of foot:,足跟,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,P,lantaris,:,跖肌,F,lexor,digitorum,superficialis,:,指,(,趾）浅屈肌,S,oleus,:,比目鱼肌,medial head of,gastrocnemius,:,腓肠肌内侧头,C,alcaneal,tendon:,跟腱,H,eel of foot:,足跟,Rat Dissection,ORAL CAVITY,Source#6,O,ral cavity:,口腔,H,ard palate:,硬腭,S,oft palate:,软腭,Rat Dissection,ORAL CAVITY,Source#6,S,aluvary,gland:,唾液腺,Rat Dissection,ABDOMINAL CAVITY,Source#4,Rat Dissection,ABDOMINAL CAVITY,Source#4,Rat Dissection,Source#7,ABDOMINAL CAVITY,Rat Dissection,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Source#1,D,igestive organs:,消化器官,M,esentery:,肠系膜,O,mentum,:,网膜,Rat Dissection,Source#6,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,L,iver,：肝脏,C,aecum,:,盲肠,S,mall intestine:,小肠,Rat Dissection,Source#6,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,D,uodenum:,十二指肠S,tomach:,胃,S,pleen:,脾脏,L,arge intestine:,大肠,Rat Dissection,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Source#1,diaphragm:,膈,L,iver,：肝脏,S,mall intestine:,小肠,S,pleen,：脾脏,C,aecum,:,盲肠,Rat Dissection,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Source#5,C,audal side of diaphragm:,膈肌尾侧面,M,edian lobe of liver:,肝脏中叶,L,igamentum,teres,hepatis,:,肝静脉索,L,eft lobe of liver:,肝脏左叶,S,tomach:,胃,G,reater,omentum,:,大网膜,S,mall intestines:,小肠,Rat Dissection,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Source#1,D,uodenum:,十二指肠,P,ancreas:,胰腺,J,ejunum:,空肠,I,leum:,回肠,C,olon:,结肠,C,aecum,:,盲肠,Rat Dissection,Source#6,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Rat Dissection,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Source#1,T,ransverse limb:,横结肠,A,scending limb:,升结肠,D,escending limb:,降结肠,Rat Dissection,Source#1,THORACIC CAVITY,E,xternal jugular:,颈外静脉,L,eft common carotid:,左颈总动脉,L,eft,subclavian,：左锁骨下动脉,A,ortic arch:,主动脉弓,L,eft,postcava,:,下腔静脉,L,ung:,肺脏,K,idney:,肾脏,L,eft atrium:,左心房,L,eft ventricle:,左心室,R,ight,precava,:,上腔静脉,I,nnominate,:,T,rachea:,气管,Rat Dissection,HEART+LUNGS,Source#5,R,ight auricle:,右心耳,T,hymus:,胸腺,L,eft,phrenic,nerve:,膈神经,D,iaphragm:,膈,Rat Dissection,RESPIRATORY ORGANS,Source#1,Rat Dissection,CIRCULATORY ORGANS,Source#1,C,irculatory organs:,循环器官,R,.,common carotid A.:,右颈总动脉,R.,S,ubclavian,A.,右锁骨下动脉,Innominate,A.:,R.Atrium:,右心房,R.Lung,:,右肺,Esophagus,：食管,Aorta:,主动脉,Diaphragm,：膈,R.:right,L.:left,A.:arterial,动脉的,Rat Dissection,HEART,Source#5,R,ight auricle:,右心耳,R,ight ventricle:,右心室,L,eft pulmonary artery:,左肺动脉,L,eft auricle:,左心耳,Rat Dissection,CIRCULATORY ORGANS,Source#1,D,orsal,：背侧的,superior mesenteric A.:,肠系膜上动脉C,oeliac,A.:,腹主动脉,R.,R,enal V.:,右肾静脉,Inferior vena cava:,下腔静脉,K,idney:,肾脏,O,vary:,卵巢,D,orsal aorta:,背主动脉,U,terus:,子宫,R.,C,ommon iliac A.:,右髂总动脉,R.,I,liolumbar,V.,右髂腰静脉,R.,O,varian V.,右卵巢静脉,Rat Dissection,UROGENITAL ORGANS,Source#1,U,rogenital,system:,泌尿生殖系统,K,idney,：肾脏,O,vary:,卵巢,C,ornua,of uterus:子宫角,Rat Dissection,Source#5,EXCRETORY ORGANS,P,elvis:,肾盂,R,enal V.:,肾静脉,C,ortex:,皮质,M,edulla:,髓质,Rat Dissection,Source#5,UROGENITAL ORGANS,R,ight kidney:,右肾,U,terine horn with,feluses,:,有胚胎的子宫角,R,ight,ureter,:,右输尿管,B,ladder:,膀胱,L,eft adrenal gland:,左肾上腺,Rectum:,直肠,Rat Dissection,1.Trachea,：气管,2.Heart,：心脏,3.Lung,：肺脏,4.Diaphragm,：膈,Source#2,THORACIC CAVITY,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,1.Right Atrium,：右心房,2.Right Ventricle,：右心室,3.Left Atrium,：左心房,4.Left Ventricle,：左心室,Source#2,HEART,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,1.Jugular Vein,：颈静脉,2.Carotid Artery,：颈动脉,3.Superior Vena Cava,上腔静脉,4.Ascending Aorta,：升主动脉,5.Atrium(right),：心房（右）,6.Ventricles,：心室,THORACIC CIRCULATION,Source#2,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,You should be familiar with the order of the parts of the alimentary canal.Following the path that food would take,we would pass through:,熟悉消化道膈部分的顺序和名称。下图标明食物通过消化道的顺序,：,Oral Cavity,口腔,Pharynx,咽,Esophagus,食管,Stomach,胃,Pyloric Sphincter,幽门括约肌,Small Intestine,小肠,Duodenum,十二指肠,Jejunum,空肠,Ileum,回肠,Large Intestine,大肠,Cecum,盲肠,Colon,结肠,-,Ascending Limb,升支,-Transverse Limb,横支,-Descending Limb,降支,Rectum,直肠,Anus,肛门,Source#1,ABDOMINAL CAVITY,腹腔,Rat Dissection,1.Liver,肝,2.Stomach,胃,3.Pancreas,胰脏,4.Duodenum,十二指肠,5.Small Intestines,小肠,6.,Cecum,盲肠,7.Urinary Bladder,膀胱,Source#2,ABDOMINAL CAVITY,腹腔,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,1.Abdominal Aorta,腹主动脉,2.Renal Artery(left),肾动脉（左）,3.Renal Vein(left),肾静脉（左）,4.Inferior Vena Cava,下腔静脉,5.Hepatic PortalVein,肝门静脉,ABDOMINAL CIRCULATION,腹部血液循环,Source#2,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,1.Coagulating Gland,凝固腺,2.Urinary Bladder,膀胱,3.Vas Deferens,输精管,4.,Epididymis,附睾,5.Small Intestines,小肠,6.Seminal Vesicle,精囊,腺,7.Prostate Gland,前列腺,8.Penis,阴茎,9.Testis,睾丸,10.Scrotum,阴囊,MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS,雄性生殖器官,Source#2,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,Stomach,胃,Kidney,肾,Ovary,卵巢,Oviduct,输卵管,Uterine Horn,子宫角,Large Intestine,大肠,Urinary Bladder,膀胱,FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS,雌性生殖器官,Source#2,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,10.,13.,15.,TAGGED ORGANS,Source#7,Review and Quiz Yourself,Biceps,Brachii,肱二头肌,Masseter,嚼肌,13,Rib Cage,胸廓,Rat Dissection,5.,9.,22.,27.,TAGGED ORGANS,Source#7,Review and Quiz Yourself,Heart,心脏,Trachea,气管,Lung,肺,Esophagus,食管,3.,7.,8.,11.,17.,18.,Rat Dissection,TAGGED ORGANS,Source#7,Review and Quiz Yourself,Cecum,盲肠,Small Intestine,小肠,Ovary,卵巢,Diaphragm,膈,Liver,肝,Spleen,脾,Rat Dissection,24.,26.,TAGGED ORGANS,Source#7,Review and Quiz Yourself,UterineHorn,子宫角,Urinary Bladder,膀胱,Rat Dissection,1.,6.,20.,23.,25.,TAGGED ORGANS,Source#7,Review and Quiz Yourself,Ureter,输尿管,Kidney,肾,20,25,Rectum,直肠,Stomach,胃,Adrenal Gland,肾上腺,Rat Dissection,Toward the midline,朝中线方向,Toward the backupper surface of body),朝向背部（动物身体的上表面）,Toward the tail,朝向尾部,Toward the side,朝向两边,Farthest from the point of attachment,附着点的最远端,Toward the belly(underside of body),朝向腹部（动物身体的下表面）,Closest to the point of attachment,附着点附近,Toward the head,朝向头部,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT FUNCTION:,Caudal,尾侧,Lateral,外侧,Cranial,颅侧,Proximal,近端,Ventral,腹侧,Distal,远端,Dorsal,背侧,Medial,内侧,Heres a word bank to help you out:CaudalCranialDistalDorsalLateralMedialProximalVentral,ANATOMICAL TERMS,解剖术语,Rat Dissection,The term referring to bending of a joint,关节弯曲的术语,The term referring to movement of an appendage toward the long axis of the body,四肢向身体长轴方向移动的术语,The term referring to straightening of a joint,关节处伸直的术语,The term referring to movement of an appendage away from the long axis of the body,四肢向身体长轴反方向移动的术语,ANATOMICAL TERMS,解剖术语,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT FUNCTION:,Adduction,内收,Flexion,俯屈,Abduction,外展,Extension,伸展,Rat Dissection,The,whiskers,which have a sensory function,有感知功能的胡须,The flap-like external ear that directs sound waves into the ear opening,收集声波片状的外耳,Paired openings leading into the nose,鼻子的一对导气孔,Organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities,胸腔腹腔里的组织,A partition or wall separating 2 cavities,分割两腔的隔膜,A membrane which suspends the organs,支持器官的膜,Shiny membrane that lines the abdominal cavity,腹腔光滑的膜,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT ORGAN:,Vibrissae,触须,Pinna,耳郭,Nares,鼻孔,Mesentery,肠系膜,Septum,隔膜,Viscera,内脏,Peritoneum,腹膜,Heres a word bank to help you out:Mesentery,Nares,Peritoneum,Pinna,SeptumVibrissaeViscera,ORGAN FUNCTION,器官功能,Rat Dissection,Abducts the thigh,大腿向外侧运动,Extends the forelimb,前肢伸直,Constricts the abdomen,腹部收缩,Closes the jaw,关闭下颚,Adducts the thigh,大腿内侧运动,Flexes the forelimb,前肢弯曲,Draws the forelimb toward the chest,前肢向胸侧运动,Extends the foot,伸脚,Moves the forelimb dorsally+caudally,前肢向背部和尾部运动,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT MUSCLE:,Biceps,Femoris,股二头肌,Triceps,Brachii,肱三头肌,External,Obliques,腹外斜肌,Biceps,Brachii,肱二头肌,Gracilis,股薄肌,Masseter,咬肌,Pectoralis,Major,胸大肌,Heres a word bank to help you out:Biceps,Brachii,Biceps,Femoris,External,Obliques,Gastrocnemius,Gluteus,Maximus,Gracilis,Latissimus,Dorsi,Masseter,Pectoralis,MajorTriceps,Brachi,or,Gluteus Maximums,臀大肌,Gastrocnemius,腓肠肌,Latissimus,Dorsi,背阔肌,ORGAN FUNCTION,器官功能,Rat Dissection,Produces,WBCs,(White blood cells),产白细胞,Moves food in mouth and tastes,将食物移入嘴里，品尝,Organs for gas exchange,换气的器官,Windpipe leading from pharynx to lungs,由咽到肺的管道,Bony anterior roof of mouth,口腔前骨顶,Muscular sheet that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities,分开胸腔与腹腔的肌肉层,Incisors(biting)and molars(grinding),剪切和磨食物,Muscular posterior roof of mouth,口腔顶尾部肌肉,Affects metabolic rate and body growth,影响新陈代谢率和身体成长,Review and Quiz YourselfNAME THAT ORGAN:,Tongue,舌头,Lungs,肺,Diaphragm,横膈膜,Hard Palate,硬腭,Trachea,气管,Teeth,牙齿,Heres a word bank to help you out:DiaphragmHard PalateLungsSoft PalateTeethThymus GlandThyroid GlandTongueTrachea,Thymus Gland,胸腺,Soft Palate,软腭,Thyroid Gland,甲状腺,ORGAN FUNCTION,器官功能,Rat Dissection,Produces insulin for glucose metabolism,产生胰岛素的地方,Aids in digestion of proteins,帮助蛋白质消化的地方,Food tube from pharynx to stomach,将食物由咽部运送至胃的导管,Digests and absorbs nutrients,营养物质的消化吸收的地方,Folds in stomach that help mix food,胃里帮助碾碎食物的摺,Secretes bile,cleans blood,stores glycogen,分泌胆汁，净化血液，储存糖原,Cleans blood,removes old,RBCs,净化血液，清除年老的红细胞,Reabsorption,of water,水重吸收,Blind pouch where ileum joins colon,回肠与结肠连接处的盲段,End of intestines,compaction of feces,消化道尾端，压缩排泄物,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT ORGAN:,Stomach,胃,Esophagus,食道,Liver,肝,Rugae,胃皱褶,Small Intestines,小肠,Spleen,脾,Heres a word bank to help you out:,Cecum,EsophagusLarge IntestineLiverPancreasSmall IntestineSpleenStomachRectum,Rugae,Pancreas,胰腺,Large Intestine,大肠,Cecum,盲肠,Rectum,直肠,ORGAN FUNCTION,器官功能,Rat Dissection,Removes wastes+excess H,2,0 from blood,将血液中的废物和多余的水除去的地方,Houses developing fetuses,胎儿生长的地方,Produces and stores sperm,储存精子的地方,Stores urine before excretion,尿排出前储存的地方,Secretes a fluid that aids sperm survival and motility,分泌支持精子存活或运动的液体的地方,Produces eggs,卵细胞产生的地方,Carry urine from kidney to bladder,将尿由肾运输至膀胱的东东,Secretes a fluid that nourishes sperm,分泌滋养精子的液体的地方,Sac that holds the testes,睾丸外的囊,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT ORGAN:,Uterine Horn子宫角,Testes,睾丸,Ovary,卵巢,Prostate,前列腺,Bladder,膀胱,Ureter,输尿管,Heres a word bank to help you out:BladderKidneyOvaryProstateScrotumSeminal VesicleTestes,Ureter,Uterine Horn,Kidney,肾,Seminal Vesicle,精囊腺,Scrotum,阴囊,ORGAN FUNCTION,器官功能,Rat Dissection,Takes blood from heart to lungs,将血液由心脏转运至肺的血管,Large veins take blood to right atrium,将血液转运入右心房的大静脉,Top chambers,receive blood,心脏接收血液地方,Membrane around heart,心脏外膜,Artery taking blood to head,将血液运输至头部的动脉,Bottom chambers that pump blood out,心将血液运出的地方,Largest artery taking blood from left ventricle,将血液从左心室运出的大动脉,Lower descending aorta takes blood to lower trunk and legs,将血液运送至下躯和腿的降主动脉,Takes blood to kidneys,将血液运送至肾的血管,ORGAN FUNCTION,器官功能,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT ORGAN:,Vena Cava,腔静脉,Atria,心房,Ventricles,心室,Common Carotid,颈总动脉,Pericardial Sac,心包囊,Aorta,大动脉（主动脉）,Heres a word bank to help you out:Abdominal Aorta,Aorta,AtriaCommon CarotidPericardial SacPulmonary ArteryRenal ArteryVena CavaVentricles,Pulmonary Artery,肺动脉,Abdominal Aorta,腹主动脉,Renal Artery,肾动脉,