名词性从句终极版.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Grammar,宾语从句,Object Clause,表语从句,Predicative,主语从句,Subject Clasuse,同位语从句,Appositive Clause,名词性从句,Noun Clause,从句一律保持陈述语序。,主语,从句,同位语从句,表语,从句,宾语,从句,How,should we,use modern technology?,The problem is,The problem is,how,we should,use modern technology,.,When,will man,be able to live on Mars?,.is unknown to us all.,When,man will,be able to live on Mars,is unknown to us all.,Where,will all these advanced technology,lead us?,I cant imagine.,I cant imagine,where,all these advanced technology,will,lead us.,His success,in the competition made us happy.,That,he succeeded in the competition in the game,made us happy.,一个句子，在连词的引导下，在另一个句子中充当名词使用，叫名词从句,His job,is important.,What he does,is important.,This is,his job,.,This is,what he does every day,.,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,主语,表语,I dont like,his job.,I dont like,what he does every day,.,I dont know about,the man,Mr.White.,I dont know about,the fact that he is a teacher.,宾语,同位语,At lunch time,the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.,The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.,What surprised me most was that the old man couldnt see anything.,The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity.,Find clauses from the following sentences,and tell the functions of them.,Appositive Clause(,同位语从句,),Subject Clause(,主语从句,),Object Clause(,宾语从句,),Predicative Clause(,表语从句,),1.连接词有：,that whether 和 lf,2.连接代词有：,who whom whose which what,等,3.连接副词有：,when where why how,等,另外,whatever whoever whichever,等 也可 以引导,主语和宾语两种从句,。,名词性从句中的“that”没有词义，也不作任何成分。,1.主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分,1),.,That,he will succeed,is certain.,2),Whether,he will go there,is not known.,3),What,he said,is not true.,4),Where,he hid the money,is to be found out.,5),Whoever,comes,is welcome.,6)Its certain,that,he will succeed.,7),How,we can help the twins,will be discussed at the meeting.,8),When,theyll start the project,has not been decided yet.,It,的用法：（形式主语）,It possible/important/necessary/clear,that,很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清楚,It said/reported that.据说/据报道,Its been announced/declared that.已经通知/宣布,It seems/appears/happens.that显然、明显、碰巧.,Its no wonder that并不奇怪/无疑,Its a pity/a fact/a common knowledge(众所周知）/a common saying.（俗话说）,注 意：,What you left,are,only several old,books.,What you said,is,of great importance.,“if”不能引导主语从句，应有“whether”引导。,主语从句的“that”一般不能省。,“,what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：,1）常与其后的名词作表语一致 2）根据句子的语境而定。,_ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.,A.That B.Why C.What D.How,2._well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.,A If B Whether C That D Where,3._ is known to us all is that America is a developed country_the First World.,Which;belong to b.As,belonged to,c.What;belonging to d.It;belonging to,4.Its known to us all _ a form of energy.,A.water is B.that water is C.is water D.that water to,5.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.,A.whether B.That C.what D.when,6.What I say and think _ none of your business.,A.is B.are C.has D have,2.宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）,If、whether都可用,1).They know,that,the habit will kill them.,2).It all depends on,whether,they will support us,.,3)He asked,how,much I paid for the violin.,4).He made,it,clear to the public,thathe did an important and necessary job,.,5).I find,it,necessary,that,we should do the homework.,当,whether,后紧跟,or,/,or not,时,不用,if.,I dont know,whether,I will stay,or not,介词,后面的宾语从句不能用,if.,I worry,about whether,I hurt her feeling.,注意,1.Whether,和,if,都可以引导宾语从句,注 意：,1,、,当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句是什么时态就用什么时态。,2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语,动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容,为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。,The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.,travels,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be),The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go),Tom says that they _ (play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.,I hear they _ (return)it already.,He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be),will be,goes,were playing,have returned,had been,6.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write),7.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take),8.Ling Feng told me he _ to the Great Wall several times.(be),wrote,has taken,had been,3.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.,增加了 连接词：,/as if/as though because,The question is,whether,we can rely on him.,Thats,because,we were in need of money at that time.,He looked,as if,he was going to cry.,Thats,why,I was late.,注 意：,在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“whether”不能用“If”。,一般情况下，“that”不能省。It is/was because.,It is/was why.,3.The reason(why/for)is/was that.,4 The reason is because/why,that .,1.Thats _ the Party called on us to do.,A.why B.what C.how D.that,2.The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.,A.because B.why C.that D.Whether,3.That is _ they separated.,A.that B.what C.which D.where,4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago.,A.what B.which C.that D.when,4 同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（,idea；belief；fact；truth；,problem；news,等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明.,同位语从句常用 that 引导或用连接副词when/where/why/how/whether,1,),The idea,that computers can recognize human voices,surprises many people.,2),Word,came,that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them.,3).Sydney kept his,promise,that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.,I have no idea,when,he will be back.,how,he can get the treasure.,where,the concert will be hold.,who,can finish the workwhy,it happened.,which,pen is mine.,what,we should do next.,whom,they are talking about.,whether,itll rain tomorrow,.,that,our football team won the game.,I have heard,the news that he visited our factory,.,I have heard,the news that he told you the other day.,同位语从句和定语从句的区别：,1 同位语从句that 只起连接作用，不作任何成分,定语从句 that 是关系代词，起连接作用和充 当宾语和主语,2同位语从句同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系，对名词进行补充说明,定语从句 定从和前面的名词是所属关系，对名词进行修饰，加以限定,3同位语从句that 不能省,定语从句 that 在从句中作宾语时，可以省,We expressed the hope,that they had expressed.,2.We expressed the hope,that they would come to China again.,1.,The information has been announced,that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.,2.The information,that he revealed at the meeting,is of great value.,AT,AP,AP,AT,Attributiveor Appositive,名词性从句连接词的选用,(,1)that,和,what,的选用,that,和,what,都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，,what,除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而,that,在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。,that/what,1he wants is a book.,2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7.I have no doubt _ he will come.8.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,a.,主语从句,b.,表语从句,c.,同位语从句,e.,介词后的宾语从句,f.whether to do,做动词宾语不能用,if to do.g.whether or not,连在一起引导宾语从句时不用,if.,if 和whether 的选用,不能使用,if,的情况：,1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.6.The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8.I dont know _ to go.,if/whether,Whether,whether,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,whether,if/whether,其它连接代词和副词的连用,主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义，正确的选择,who、which、when、where、why、,how,等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。,_,we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.,我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。,I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.,我不知道他长的什么样子。,I have no idea _ he looks like.,这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。,This is _ I left my glasses.,When,who,what,where,that,可省略的情况：,that,不可省略的情况：,主语从句表语从句同位语从句用,it,做形式宾语的宾语从句并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词,that,不能省略,引导词that的省略,单个宾语从句中的,that,可省略,1.,I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless.4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.,(,that),that,that,that,that,(,that),that,that/(that),名词性从句专项练习：,1._made the school proud was _more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.,A What/because B What/that,C That/what D That/because,2._she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.,A What/why B That/what,C What/because D Why/that,B,A,B,3,.,He is absent from school.It is _ he is seriously ill.A.why B.because C.that D.the reason,4 _has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.,A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever,5.Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.,A that B how C where D what,D,A,6._ is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize in the match.,A.There,that B.It,that,C.There,whether D.It,whichA,7 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.,-Is that _you had a few days off?,A why B when C what D where,8 Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?,-Oh,thats _.,A what makes me feel excited,B whatever I feel excited about,C how I feel about it,D when I feel excited,A,A,._ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.,A What B That C This D Which,10.When you answer questions in a job interview,please remember the golden rule:Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants.,A what B which C when D that,11.We made the suggestion that he _ his work.,A continues B continue,C continued D had continued,B,A,B,11.There will be a special price for _ buys things in large number here.,A.who B.whom C.whoever D.Whomever,12.Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game.,why B.what C.who D.that (05),13.The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get.(05),A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whenever,14.Many newspaper printed the governors statement _ would support a tax cut.,and he B.was that he C which he D that he,15._ man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.,Which B.How C.What D.That,16.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.,A.However B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever,1.Can you make sure _ the gold rings?,A.where she had put B.where had she put C.where she has put D.where has she put,2.The reason that has been such a success _ he never gives up.,A.is B.is because C.is that D.is what,3._ breaks the law should be punished.,A Whoever b.No matter who c.anyone.d.who,4.That is _ I had to take the risk of being washed away.,A.why B.reason why C.how D.what,5.Do _ you think is right _ difficulties you may have.,A.what;however B.that;whatever,C.whatever;whoever Dwhat;whatever,6.The workers considered it important _ the boss would agree to give them a rise.,A.whether B.how C.where D.which,7.Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.,A.which B.that C.what D.whether,8.You are saying that everyone should be equal,and this is _ I disagree.,A.why B.where C.what D.how,9.Difficulty lies _ we have no money.,A.that B.in that C.in the fact D.in the fact that,10.I dont think the question of _ they are old or young is important.,A.which B.whether C.how D.why,11.It makes no difference _ you will go today or tomorrow.,A.if B.whether C.that D.what,12._ should be sent to work there?,A.Who do you suggest,B.Who do you suggest that should,C.Do you suggest who should,D.Do you suggest whom should,13.The news _ Lincoln was murdered filled the American peoples hearts with deep sorrow.,A.which B.when C.that D.how,14._ he said at the meeting astonished everyone present.,A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter,15.I dont trust his promise _ he will buy me a new car.,A.which B.what C.when D.that,16.She received the message _ he would come by plane.,A.that B.which C.what D.when,17.Energy is _ makes things work.,A.what B.something C.anything D.that,18.Our city has changed a lot,and now it is quite different from _ a few years ago.,A.what it used to be B.that it used to be,C.which it used to be D.what was it,19.We all know the truth _ there are air,water and sunlight,there are living things.,A.wherever B.where C.that D.that wherever,20.The true value of life is not in _,but_.,A.how you get;that you give,B.which you get;what you give,C.what you get;what you give,D.what do you get;what do you give,21._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.,A.There B.This C.That D.It,Good bye,