被动语态讲解微课程.ppt

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,The Passive Voice,中考被动语态专练,英语课程标准（,2011,年版）,-,中考命题的纲领性文件,语法项目表,9.,动词,（,7,）被动语态,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,Grammar,英语动词有两种语态：,主动语态（,Active Voice),和被动语态,(Passive Voice),。,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者,。,e.g.We,cleaned,the classroom yesterday.,(,主动语态，,主语,we,是,clean,这一动作的,执行者,),English,is spoken,by many people.,(,被动语态,，主语,English,是动作,speak,的,承受者,。,二、被动语态的构成,助动词,be+,及物动词的过去分词构成,。助动词,be,有人称、数、和时态的变化。,一,、,语态,三、被动语态的用法：,1.,不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者,。,e.g.These new cars,are,made in China,（中国制造）,.,（,2004,年完成句子）,这些新小汽车是中国制造。,2.,需要突出或强调动作的承受者,。,e.g.This dictionaryis used by,most,students.,这本字典是大多数学生在用的。,四,.,主动语态变为被动语态的步骤,.,We plant trees in March every year.,Trees are planted us in March every year.,主动语态变为被动语态的,三线交叉,结构示意图,:,2.be+,谓语动词的过去分词,1.,主语,2.,谓语动词,原形,（一般现在时）,3.,宾语,时间状语,3.,主语,3.,宾语,时间状语,by,介词短语,介词短语,四,.,主动语态变为被动语态的步骤,.,Bell invented the telephone in 1876.,The telephone was invented Bell in 1876.,主动语态变为被动语态的,三线交叉,结构示意图,:,2.be+,谓语动词的,过去分词,1.,主语,2.,谓语动词,过去式,（一般过去时）,3.,宾语,时间状语,3.,主语,3.,宾语,时间状语,by,四,.,主动语态变为被动语态的步骤,.,China will send up,Shen,Zhou into space this year.,Shen,Zhou will be sent up into space China this year.,主动语态为变被动语态的,三线交叉,结构示意图,:,2.will be+,谓语动词的过去分词,1.,主语,2.,谓语动词,（一般将来时）,3.,宾语,时间状语,3.,主语,3.,宾语,时间,状语,by,介词短语,介词短语,主动语态变为被动语态口诀：,1,、观原句,，,定时态,；,2,、宾,变,主,；,3,、谓,变,被,；,4,、主,变,宾,，,by,加前,，,可,省略,；,5,、介副随,。,Summary,Practice:Simple Present Tense,Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.,点拨：观察原句为一般现在时，谓语动词为,plant,，宾语为,the tea,；改为被动语态时，应将the tea,变作主语，谓语动词用,is planted,的形式,farmers,作为被动语态的宾语,前面加,by,。,1.Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains.,_,The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers.,1,2,3,点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态,uses,是谓语动词,the best materials,是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将,the best materials,作被动语态的主语，谓语动词用,are used,的形式,原句的主语,this shop,作为被动语态的宾语,前面加,by,。,2.This shop uses the best materials to make dresses.,The best materials are used to make dresses by this shop.,1,2,3,点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态,many traffic accidents,是句子的宾语；,causes,是谓语动词,改为被动语态时，应将,many traffic accidents,作被动语态的主语，谓语动词用,are caused,的形式,原句的主语,careless drivers,作为被动语态的宾语。,3.Careless drivers causes many traffic accidents.,Many traffic accidents are caused by careless drivers.,1,2,3,点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态,letters and postcards,是句子的宾语,brings,是谓语动词,改为被动语态时，应将,letters and postcards,作被动语态的主语，谓语动词用,are brought,的形式,原句的主语,the postman,作为宾语,前加,by,。,4.The postman brings letters and postcards to peoples homes.,Letters and postcards are brought to peoples homes by the postman.,1,2,3,点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态,this silver plate,是句子的宾语；,does not use,是谓语动词,改为被动语态时，应将,the silver plate,作被动语态的主语,;,谓语动词用,is not used,的形式,原句的主语,our family,作为被动语态的宾语,前面加,by;very often,为副词，紧随句后。,5.Ours family does not use this silver plate very often.,This silver plate is not used by our family very often.,1,2,3,Practice:Simple Past Tense,Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.,点拨：观察原句为一般过去时，谓语动词为,sold,，宾语为,the fridge,；改为被动语态时，应将,the fridge,作主语，谓语动词用,was sold,的形式,把,they,变为宾格,them,，前加,by,。,1.They sold the fridge at a low price.,_,The fridge was sold at a low price,by them at a low price,.,n.,电冰箱,adj.,低的；矮的,1,2,3,点拨：观察原句的句子结构可知，,stole,是谓语动词，,my camera,是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将,my camera,作句子主语，谓语动词用,was stolen,的形式，,somebody,作宾语，前加,by,。,2.Somebody stole my camera,from my hotel room.,_,_,My camera was stolen from my hotel room by somebody.,pron.,某人,n.,重要人物,1,2,3,3.Where did you take these photos?,_,Where were these photos taken(by you)?,点拨：观察原句的句子结构可知，,take,是谓语动词，,these photos,是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将,these photos,作句子主语，谓语动词用,were taken,的形式。但要注意，主被动时态和句型一致的原则。,1,2,3,4.Our parents advised us not to go out alone.,_,_,We were advised not to go out alone by our parents.,点拨：观察原句为一般过去时态，谓语动词为,advised,，宾语为,us,；改为被动语态时，应将,us(,宾格）变为,We(,主格）作主语，谓语动词用,were advised,的形式，,our parents,作宾语，前加,by,。,advise sb.(not)to do,sth,.,1,2,3,5.Different writers translated the book into different languages.,_,_,The book was translated into different languages by different writers.,v.,翻译,translateinto,点拨：观察原句为一般过去时，谓语动词为,translated,，宾语为,the book,；改为被动语态时，应将,the book,作主语，谓语动词用,was translated,的形式,different writers,作宾语，前加,by,。,1,2,3,Practice:Simple Present Tense,Rewrite the sentences according to the example.,1.You must clean your bedroom everyday.,Your bedroom,must be cleaned everyday.,2.Parents should encourage teenagers to do social work for their community.,Teenagers,should be encouraged to do social work for their community by parents.,3.Can Lucy do her homework tomorrow instead?,Can,her homework be done by Lucy tomorrow instead?,Practice:Simple Future Tense,Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.,点拨：观察原句为一般将来时态，谓语为,will make,，宾语为,a model plane,；改为被动语态时，将,a model plane,作主语，谓语动词用,will be made,的形式,原句主语,Tom,作为宾语,前加,by,tomorrow,随其后。,1.,Tom will make a model plane tomorrow.,A,model plane will be made by Tom tomorrow.,1,2,3,Practice:Simple Future Tense,Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.,点拨：观察原句为一般将来时态，原句的谓语动词为,will sell,，宾语为,the car,；改为被动语态时，应将,the car,变作主语，谓语动词用,will be sold,的形式,把原句,they,变为宾格,them,。,2.They will sell the car at a low price.,The car will be sold at a low price by them,.,1,2,3,2002-2015,年陕西省中考被动语态试题,2002,年,.,25.The old man was quite weak after the accident,so he _.,A.must be take care of B.must take care of,C.must be looked after D.must look after,2004,年,.,25.A talk on science _ in our school,next Monday.,A.will give B.will be given,C.has given D.has been given,2005,年,.,27.,Today,computers,_ in both cities and towns.,A.were using B.are used C.were used D.are using,2006,年,.,27.The window _,ten minutes ago,and the room is bright now.,A.can be cleaned B.is cleaned,C.was cleaned D.will be cleaned,2002-2015,年陕西省中考被动语态试题,2006,年,.,8.,All these photos,_,（,take,）,by my father in Hong Kong,in 1997,.,（完成句子）,2007,年,.,30.,Trees and flowers,_,every year,to make our country more beautiful.,A.is planted B.was planted,C.are planted D.were planted,2008,年,.,All the books written by Maugham,39,in a short time and the writer,became,famous.,（完形填空）,A.are sold out B.were sold out,C.have sold out D.sold out,2009,年,.,4.,More trees and flowers,should be _(plant)to make our hometown beautiful.,（完成句子）,2010,年,.,10.Many school things were _(send)to,Yushu,last month,.,（完成句子）,2002-2015,年陕西省中考被动语态试题,2011,年,.,25.,Driving after drinking wine,_ in China.,A.allows B.doesnt allow,C.is allowed D.isnt allowed,2012,年,.,29.A new club _in our school,at the beginning of this year,and,now,it has many members.,A.starts B.is started,C.has started D.was started,2013,年,.,28.The mobile phone has influenced people,s life a lot,since,it _.,A.invents B.invented,C.is invented D.was invented,2014,年,.,26.,Every daytoo much water _in our school.We should save it.,A.is wasted B.wastes C.was wasted D.wasted,2002-2015,年陕西省中考被动语态试题,2015,年,.,28.Tourists bad behavior_ by the government in our country,from now on.,A.will record B.will be recorded,C.records D.is recorded,2015,年,.,短文填空,7,0,题,In life,the love we give others will find its way back to us.It may travel from heart to heart or it may blossom(,开花,)in the heart which it was,planted,in.The love we share,the kindness we give,and the happiness we create will always come back to us with a pleasant surprise.,2015,年,中考说明示例,A,27.An exciting and amazing water park_ in my home town,next year,.,A.build B.was built C.will build D.will be built,Thank you!,