英语高考英语翻译习题含解析.doc

英语）高考英语翻译精编习题含解析

一、高中英语翻译
1．高中英语翻译题：Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．为了安全起见，小孩不应当被单独留在家里。(leave)
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2．深深吸了一口气，他面带微笑地走上了舞台。(with)
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3．一种人待人处世方式能反应出他是怎样人。(the way)
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4．只有当一系列奇数问题得到处理，到 2025 年，新能源汽车才能占汽车销量百分之二十。(Only)
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【答案】
1．For the sake of safety/ For safety, children / a child should not be left alone at home
2．Having taken a deep breath, he went up to the stage with a smile on his face.
3．The way a person treats others can reflect what kind of person he is.
4．Only when a series of technical problems are solved can new energy cars account for 20 percent of all the car sales by 2025.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考察翻译，注意使用括号内提醒词进行翻译。
1．考察被动语态和“leave+宾语+宾补”构造。根据句意可知本句使用 leave sb alone表达“把某人单独留下”，children / a child与leave之间是被动关系，应当用被动语态，故翻译为： For the sake of safety/ For safety, children / a children should not be left alone at home
2．考察非谓语动词。he与take a deep breath之间是逻辑上主谓关系，并且take a deep breath明显发生在went up to之前，因此用目前分词完毕式作状语，故翻译为：Having taken a deep breath, he went up to the stage with a smile on his face.
3．考察定语从句和宾语从句。way作先行词，定语从句关系词，有三中引导措施：in which，that或省略，reflect为宾语从句，从句中缺乏表语，用what引导，故翻译为：The way a person treats others can reflect what kind of person he is.
4．考察倒装。account for表达“占（比例）”，“only+状语”位于句首时，其后要用部分倒装，故翻译为：Only when a series of technical problems are solved can new energy cars account for 20 percent of all the car sales by 2025.

2．高中英语翻译题：Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．晚上别喝太多咖啡，会睡不着觉。（or）
2．事实证明，保持快乐心态会减少得心脏病风险。（It）
3．乐观人不会过度怀念美好旧时光，由于他们正忙着发明新回忆。（create）
4．追求稳定并不是什么坏事，诸多时候这样态度在促使我们提高自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰。（when）

【答案】
1． Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep.
2． It is proved that keeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases.
3． Optimistic people don’t miss the good old days too much, because they are busy creating new memories.
4． The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. (and) There are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考察翻译，用括号所给词将中文翻译成英文。翻译要注意句子时态和语法运用。
1．考察祈使句。祈使句 + and/or，前面祈使句表达条件，or或and引导分句表达成果这里表达转折关系，故用or。故答案为Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep.

2．考察名词性从句。翻译时句中用it作形式主语，真正主语为从句thatkeeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases.，从句翻译时要注意动名词作主语。故答案为It is proved that keeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases.
3．考察动词。翻译时注意短语be busy doing忙于做……，时态用一般目前时。故答案为Optimistic people don’t miss the good old days too much, because they are busy creating new memories.
4．考察定语从句。先行词为times，在定语从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。故答案为The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. (and) There are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks.

3．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．诸多人对他们潜能一无所知。(ignorant)
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2．这些政策在一定程度上对该地区经济衰退负有责任。(extent)
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3．自古以来老百姓就但愿天下太平，同各国人民友好相处。(long for)
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4．青少年问题发展趋势值得我们关注和研究，也值得整个社会群策群力，共商对策。which)
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【答案】
1． Many people are totally ignorant of their potential (abilities/talents).
2． These policies are to some extent responsible for the region’s economic decline.
3． Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world to live together in friendship with people from/of all countries.
/Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world, where people of all/different countries live together in friendship.
4． The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems deserves our attention and research/ analysis, which also deserves the joint efforts of the whole society to find solutions.
【解析】
1．考察ignorant有关使用方法和时态。分析句子可知，句子为一般目前时，谓语动词为 be ignorant of...“不懂得”、“不懂”。结合汉意，故翻译为：Many people are totally ignorant of their potential (abilities/talents).
2．考察extent有关使用方法和时态。分析句子可知，句子为一般目前时，谓语动词为 be responsible for，to some extent“某一定程度上”为固定短语。结合汉意。故翻译为：These policies are to some extent responsible for the region’s economic decline.
3．考察动词短语和时态。分析句子可知，由句中 Since ancient times 可知，本句为目前完毕时，谓语动词为long for“ 渴望”，因此用have longed for。结合汉意。故翻译为 Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world to live together in friendship with people from/of all countries./Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world, where people of all/different countries live together in friendship.
4．考察关系代词。分析句子可知，本句时态为一般目前时，The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems 为主语，谓语为deserve。本句还波及非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句为一般目前时。The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems 为定语从句先行词，在定语从句中作deserve主语，因此关系代词为which。结合汉意。故翻译为：The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems deserves our attention and research/ analysis, which also deserves the joint efforts of the whole society to find solutions.

4．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他一交试卷就意识到忘记写名字了。（Hardly）
2．这家医院装备了现代化设施，并且人们乘地铁可以抵达。（accessible）
3．在这样一种迅速变化社会，人们紧张不能得到最新资讯并落后于他人。（afraid）
4．抱着努力不会白费信念，他经历了起起伏伏，最终获得了成功。（belief）

【答案】
1．Hardly had he handed in the test paper when he realized that he had forgotten to write his name on it.
2．This hospital is equipped with modern facilities and is accessible by underground.
3．In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid of not being able to get the latest information and thus falling behind others. / In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid that they will not be kept updated with the latest information and thus fall behind.
4．Holding /With the belief that his efforts will pay off can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted will be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste, he achieved success in the end and after going through ups and downs.
【解析】
1．考察倒装句。根据句意及提醒词可知，本句关键词（组）：hand in“提交”，realize“意识到”，要使用hardly…when…句型，主句使用过去完毕时，从句使用一般过去时，hardly位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装构造。故译为：Hardly had he handed in the test paper when he realized that he had forgotten to write his name on it.
2．考察accessible使用方法。根据句意及提醒词可知，本句关键词（组）：be equipped with modem facilities“装备了现代化设施”，accessible“易靠近；可进入”，此处描述是客观事实，应使用一般目前时。故译为：This hospital is equipped with modem facilities and is accessible by underground.
3．考察afraid使用方法。根据句意及提醒词可知，本句关键词（组）：such a rapidly changing society“这样一种迅速变化社会”，be afraid of/that紧张，胆怯”，be able to do“可以做某事”，get the latest information“得到最新资讯”，fall behind“落后”，此处描述是客观事实，应使用一般目前时。故译为：In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid of not being able to get the latest information and thus falling behind others. /In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid that they will not be kept updated with the latest information and thus fall behind.
4．考察belief使用方法。根据句意及提醒词可知，本句关键词（组）：hold/with the belief“坚持信念”，pay off/ can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted/ will be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste“不会白费”, achieve success“获得了成功”，go through ups and downs“经历了起起伏伏”。此处描述“信念”是客观真理，应使一般目前时或未来时，“获得成功”属于过去，应使用一般过去时。故译为：Holding /With the belief that his efforts will pay off/ can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted/ will be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste, he achieved success in the end and after going through ups and downs.

5．高中英语翻译题：Translations
1．嫌疑人已抓获，所有有关证据已移交警方． （concern）
2．众所周知，学习措施因人而异，适合你不一定适合我． （necessarily）
3．我忽然想到，我忘记提醒班长集合时间了，随即给他发了一种消息． （It）
4．学生体现自我能力越强，他们就越也许在入学面试中脱颖而出，这促使了他们将练习演讲作为每平常规．（rule）

【答案】
1． The suspect has been arrested， and all the concerning evidence has been transferred to the police．
2． As we all know， learning method varies from person to person， so what is suitable for you may not necessarily suit me．
3． It suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind the monitor of the time for gathering，so I left him a short message．
4． The stronger the students' ability to express themselves， the more likely they are to stand out in the entrance interview， which makes it a rule for them to practice speaking every day．
【解析】
1．有关，有关：concerning；嫌疑人：suspect，根据汉语提醒，使用目前完毕时，并且注意使用被动。故译为The suspect has been arrested， and all the concerning evidence has been transferred to the police．
2．这是对学习措施一种主观评价，因此使用一般目前时。首先，翻译时使用as引导一种非限制性定语从句，vary from person to person因人而异；so引导一种成果状语从句，not necessarily未必。故译为As we all know， learning method varies from person to person， so what is suitable for you may not necessarily suit me．
3．这是对过去事实陈说，因此使用一般过去时。结合句子意思和括号中代词it可知，翻译时需要使用句型it occurred to me that我忽然想起……；it为形式主语，that引导一种主语从句，remind sb of sth意为"提醒某人某物"，最终使用so引导一种成果状语从句。故译为It suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind the monitor of the time for gathering，so I left him a short message．
4．这是对学生个人能力一种客观评价，因此使用一般目前时。翻译时需要使用句式构造the+比较级，the+比较级，用来体现"越……越……"；be likely to do sth也许会做某事．而make it a rule for sb. to do某人做某事成功常规。故译为The stronger the students' ability to express themselves， the more likely they are to stand out in the entrance interview， which makes it a rule for them to practice speaking every day．
【点睛】
汉译英基本环节：
1．理解，通读并透彻理解原文含义
2．翻译，确定译文句子时态、句型、构造和用词
3．审校，首先检查译文与否对地转述了原文内容，与否有错译和漏译；另一方面，检查与否有语言上明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等．发现错误，及时改正。

6．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．你思想越开明，就越不容易受他人观点影响。(The more...)
2．究竟是什么让你对考试成果抱有如此乐观态度？(it)
3．面对剧烈竞争和许多不确定原因，家长对孩子学业成绩感到焦急是一件很正常事。(face)
4．社会发展速度飞快，假如你固执于陈旧观念无法跟上时代步伐，那么很快你就会被时代抛弃。(So)

【答案】
1．The more open-minded you are, the less easily you’ll be influenced by others’ opinions.
2．What is it that makes you hold such a positive attitude towards the result of the examination?
3．When parents are facing / faced with fierce competition and plenty of uncertainties, it is natural for them to feel anxious about their children’s academic performance.
4．So fast is the society developing that if you stick to outdated concepts and can’t keep up with the pace of the times, it won’t be long before you are abandoned / deserted by the times.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考察汉译英，注意按括号内规定翻译。
1．考察固定句式。“the+比较级，the+比较级”表达“越……，越……”，根据句意可知，从句用一般目前时，主句用一般未来时，故翻译为：The more open-minded you are, the less easily you’ll be influenced by others’ opinions.
2．考察强调句型特殊疑问句形式。强调句型特殊疑问句构造为：what is it that…?陈说是客观状况，应当用一般目前时，故翻译为：What is it that makes you hold such a positive attitude towards the result of the examination?
3．考察face使用方法和形式主语。face表达“面对”时是及物动词，背面直接接宾语，也可用短语be faced with表达“面对”，根据句意可知本句用it作形式主语，真正主语是背面不定式，陈说是客观事实，用一般目前时，故翻译为：When parents are facing / faced with fierce competition and plenty of uncertainties, it is natural for them to feel anxious about their children’s academic performance.
4．考察so…that倒装和条件状语从句。stick to表达“坚持、固执于”，keep up with 表达“赶上”，so…that构造中so连同它所直接修饰成分共同位于句首表达强调时，主句要进行倒装，that后成果状语从句不倒装，if引导条件状语从句复合句遵照“主将从现”原则，故翻译为：So fast is the society developing that if you stick to outdated concepts and can’t keep up with the pace of the times, it won’t be long before you are abandoned / deserted by the times.

7．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．老师们认为学生卓越在于勤奋和持之以恒。(lie)
2．无论遇到什么苦难，我们但愿这些鼓励案例能给你力量和决心。（confront）
3．毫无疑问，做暑假作业有助于我们巩固知识，发现问题，并深入提高我们自主学习能力。(doubt)
4．和别假期活动相比，这次考试意在敦促学生努力学习，让其意识到“学习如逆水行舟”。(mean)

【答案】
1．Teachers consider that students’ excellence lies in diligence and perseverance.
2．No matter what difficulties you confront/ are confronted with, we hope these encouraging cases can give you power and determination.
3．Without doubt, doing summer vacation homework is helpful for us to strengthen our knowledge, find out problems and improve our self-study ability further .
4．Compared with other holiday activities, this assignment is meant to urge students to study hard so as to let them realize that learning is like sailing against the current
【解析】
【分析】
考察句子翻译。
1．考察固定短语。固定短语lie...in“在于……”。短语diligence and perseverance“勤奋和持之以恒”。且根据句意应用一般目前时，故译为Teachers consider that students’ excellence lies in diligence and perseverance.。
2．考察固定短语。固定短语be confronted with“面对”；本句为no matter what引导让步状语从句，根据句意用一般目前时，故译为No matter what difficulties you confront/ are confronted with, we hope these encouraging cases can give you power and determination. 。
3．考察固定短语。固定短语without doubt“毫无疑问”，本句为动名词短语doing summer vacation homework做主语，为一般目前时，故译为Without doubt, doing summer vacation homework is helpful for us to strengthen our knowledge, find out problems and improve our self-study ability further .。
4．考察固定短语。固定短语be meant to“故意要；意在”；固定短语urge sb. to do sth.“敦促某人做某事”。且Compared with做伴随状语。故译为Compared with other holiday activities, this assignment is meant to urge students to study hard so as to let them realize that learning is like sailing against the current.。

8．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他排了好几种小时才买到这个新出iPhone。（release）
2．一件雕塑赠送了都市博物馆，以纪念两个都市间珍贵友谊。（present）
3．他一进饭店，就被告知这家饭店可以手机扫二维码点餐。（Hardly）
4．虽说忠告逆耳利于行，这个年龄孩子很叛逆，你越劝，他也许越不会听。（advice）

【答案】
1．He waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone./ Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.
2．A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of / to commemorate / to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.
3．Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed/ told that he could order the food by scanning the code/ QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR code to order the food.
4．Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.
【解析】
1．考察时态和过去分词作定语。根据汉语提醒可知，本句基础时态是一般过去时；“排队”wait…in line/ queue，“新出iPhone”the newly-released iPhone，其中一种时间状语从句“过了……才……”…before…；本句还可用“排了好几小时队”目前分词形式作为伴随状语，再结合其他汉语提醒，本句可译为：He had waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone. Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.
2．考察被动语态和短语。根据汉语提醒可知，本句基础时态是一般过去时；“以纪念”in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honor，“珍贵友谊”precious/ valuable friendship，雕塑 (statue/sculpture)和赠与(present)之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时被动语态，再结合其他汉语提醒，故本句可译为：A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.
3．考察部分倒装和被动语态。根据汉语提醒可知，本句基础时态是一般过去时；“一……就……”hardly…when…，hardly置于句首时要部分倒装，“告知某人做某事”inform/tell sb. to do sth.，“使用手机扫描二维码”us