阅读理解人生百味培优题1.doc

阅读理解（人生百味）培优题1

一、九年级中考英语阅读理解（人生百味）（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读理解
    Now some women are spending a weekend at Mother's Camp（营地）. There, husbands and children are not allowed. Why would a woman want to take a vacation without her family?Some women say they need time to be alone.
    At Mother's Camp a woman has room for herself. She can sleep, read or watch TV, and no one will bother her. No children will ask, “Mom, what's for dinner?” No husband will say, “Oh, dear, I can't find any clean socks.” In fact almost 50% of women in the United States work outside the home. Many of them work full-time and then come home for a second job—taking care of their homes and families. These working women say one of their biggest problems is housework.
    In the United States, working wives do about 75% of the housework. Many of their husbands say they want to help. But then they burn the rice or they can't find the pans. They ask so many questions that their wives decide it is easier to do the job themselves.
    Some women go to Mother's Camp just to get a break from housework. For two days they don't cook, they don't clean and they don't look after their children and husbands. What do they do?They enjoy warm, sunny weather, walking, swimming or boating in a clear blue lake and sing songs around the campfire. They relax away from home. They have a really wonderful vacation at Mother's Camp.
（1）From this passage we can see ________ in the United States.
A. women want to work outside the home         B. working wives do most of the housework
C. husbands do as much housework as their wives         D. women do not like to stay at home with their families
（2）At Mother's Camp, women can't _______.
A. watch TV                                                           B. read newspapers
C. swim in the lake                                               D. bring their husbands and children
（3）Why would some mothers like to be alone?Because _____.
A. they don't like their husbands and children         B. they have to work full-time
C. they are too busy to relax themselves            D. they want a new life
（4）________is one of the biggest troubles for working wives in the United States.
A. Housework                                                       B. Working outside the home
C. When to take a vacation                                  D. Looking after their children
（5）What's the best title of this passage?
A. Busy Working Mothers                                    B. How to Buy Gifts for Mothers
C. Mothers Relax Away From Home                   D. Mothers in the US
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文简介了美国某些工作母亲参与“妈妈营地”从家务中解脱出来，放松一下。
（1）推理判断题。根据In the United States, working wives do about 75% of the housework.可知美国工作妻子做大部分家务，故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据Now some women are spending a weekend at Mother's Camp（营地）. There, husbands and children are not allowed.可知在“妈妈营地”妇女不带他们丈夫和孩子，故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据Some women go to Mother's Camp just to get a break from housework.和They relax away from home.可知某些母亲喜欢单独待着是由于他们由于太忙了而没有时间放松，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据These working women say one of their biggest problems is housework.可知在美国对于工作妻子来说，最大麻烦是家务，故选A。
（5）标题归纳题。本文简介了某些工作母亲参与“妈妈营地”从家务中解脱出来，放松一下，故选C。
【点评】对阅读理解能力测试是英语考试中必不可少测试项目，重要考察学生对于不一样体裁或不一样题材语言材料理解能力，以及通过材料阅读，对材料中信息捕捉能力。首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文主旨大意。由于阅读理解题一般没有标题，因此，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读过程中，应尽量多地捕捉信息材料。另一方面，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后问题，弄清每题规定后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕捉有关信息。要善于抓住每段主题句，阅读时，要有较强针对性。对于捕捉到信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目规定，才能做到稳、准。

2．阅读下列短文，从下面每题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

E
    My dear grandchildren Charlie and Mary,
    Your mother Rachel has expected me to write down some advice for you. Here are some important things that I've learnt about life. Wish they could help you more or less.
    Hold on to your dreams no matter how difficult they are or how “different” they may seem to others. Just do it! The worst thing in life is to look back and say, “I would have ...; I could have ...; I should have...”
    Make a “Life List” of all those things you want to do such as travelling to places, learning a skill, mastering a language or meeting someone special. Don't say “I'll do it tomorrow”. There is no tomorrow, and there is no “right” time to begin something except now.
    Be kind and spare no effort to help people — especially the weak and the poor. Everyone has a special pain, and they need our care and help.
    Read books, as many as you can. They bring pleasure, knowledge and inspiration （灵感） to you.
    Always travel, especially when you are young. Don't wait until you have “enough” money or everything is “just right”. That never happens. Get your passport today.
    Remember not to argue. It never works, and it only hurts both yourselves and others. You should hug people you love. Tell them how much they mean to you now. Don't wait until it's too late.
    Be grateful. There is an Irish saying, “This is a day in our lives, and it will not come again.” Live every day with this in mind.
Yours,
Granny
（1）What does the underlined phrase “spare no effort” mean?

A. Do your best           B. Find your time               C. Use your own way           D. Take your time
（2）What did the writer wish her grandchildren to be?

A. Rich and famous     B. Healthy and strong        C. Funny and active     D. Friendly and polite
（3）The writer suggested that her grandchildren should ________.   

A. never look back to their lives                          B. leave everything for tomorrow   
C. be thankful for the day they have                   D. always try to hug anyone they meet
（4）What can we infer from the letter?  

A. The writer has only two grandchildren. 
B. The writer has experienced a lot in life.   
C. The grandchildren were short of education.  
D. The children used to argue with their mother.
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】短文是作者结合自已人生经历给两个孙子女某些宝贵提议。

（1）词义推测题。结合句意可知是“竭力”意思，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。A.富有并有名； B.健康并强健； C.有趣并活跃； D.友好并礼貌。通读全文后，可知奶奶但愿她孙女成为一种友好而礼貌人，故选D。
（3）细节判断题。从  Be grateful. There is an Irish saying, “This is a day in our lives, and it will not come again.” Live every day with this in mind.可知要感谢我们拥有每一天，故选C。
（4）细节判断题。从文章作者给出某些感想和提议中可知作者在生活中经历了诸多，故选B。
【点评】考察对篇章把握和对细节识别能力，答题时注意紧紧围绕问题中关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

3．阅读下列材料，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。
D
    In today's world many people seem to be hungry for money. Some of them even lose their lives for it. Money does have its most useful effect（影响） on the poor, but once a person has a rich life, a lot more money doesn't mean more happiness.
    If money was everything, all millionaires would have true love, true friendship, good health and a long life. However, this is not always true.
    Nothing else is more pleasant than the three words which are "I love you". But can love be bought? I'm afraid not. Love means to give, not to take. To every person, health and long life are probably the most precious（宝贵） things. Well, can health and a long life be bought with money? The answer is "No".
    Of all the longest living people in the world, few of them are millionaires. True friendship can't be bought either. In a word, where money is worshiped（崇拜）, money can cause brothers to quarrel, lovers to hate, strangers to fight and so on. No matter how much money you have, it is still not enough to make you a happy person if you have no one to laugh with, no one to cry for.
（1）According to the passage, which of the following do you think is right?
A. Money is everything.                                                    B. Money isn't necessary.
C. Money is important, but not the most important.     D. With no money, with no success.
（2）What's the most important thing for every person according to the writer?
A. Only money.            B. Health and a long life.            C. Only friendship.            D. A, B and C
（3）Which sentence of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. If you haven't much money, you can't get more happiness.
B. You may live a long life even if you are poor.
C. Every year many people die in the world because their family is poor.
D. If you are rich, you will have less friendship.
（4）In fact, many millionaires _________.
A. have true friendship            B. die earlier            C. have good health            D. have true love
（5）What does the sentence "Love means to give, not to take." mean?
A. 爱意味着给你，而不能带走。                             B. 爱是可以得到，不要走开。
C. 爱意味着奉献，而不是索取。                             D. 爱是可以索取，而不必付出
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了金钱究竟对于我们来说意义是什么，寿命了捡钱纵然很重要 但不是最重要，我们最重要得是健康长寿，快乐和心中唉=爱，最终提出爱是奉献是快乐，而不是易位收获 所取。提醒人们对开袋金钱，
  （1）根据“Money does have its most useful effect（影响） on the poor, but once a person has a rich life, 可知钱很有用不过钱不是最重要。故选C
（2） 根据“ If money was everything, all millionaires would have true love, true friendship, good health and a long life. ”可知健康和长寿才是最重要。故选B
（3）根据“Well, can health and a long life be bought with money? The answer is "No".可知及时好穷也可以获得很长时间。故选B
（4）根据“Of all the longest living people in the world, few of them are millionaires. ”实行上诸多百万富翁死更早。故选B
（5） 根据“True friendship can't be bought either. In a word, where money is worshiped（崇拜）, money can cause brothers to quarrel, lovers to hate, strangers to fight and so on.”可知爱是奉献而不是所取故选C
【点评】议论文重点在于读懂文章阐明中心思想，明确作者主张观点，

4．根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
    As December comes to an end, you think about the new year and all the ways you want to improve your life. But as you start to write down your hopes for the new year, you think about the last year. You excitedly write down all the changes you are going to make, but by the end of January those ideas get lost in your busy life.
    Here's a suggestion: Forget the too big, hard to achieve goals and just think about the small ones. “We often think that we have to do everything in big steps, even though it's so hard for us to reach it, said Robert Maurer, who recently wrote the book One Small Step Can Change Your Life. “What we try to do is to begin with such a small step that we can't find any excuse not to do it.”
    “Kaizen”, a Japanese word, is used to mean to change behavior and attitudes. During World WarⅡ, American factory managers were able to increase productivity by trying small, continuous improvements instead of sudden changes. After the war, the idea was brought to a rebuilding Japan. It made Japan develop fast. The Japanese called it “Kaizen”, which means “improvement”.
    Maurer studied the idea and did some experiments with it. “Kaizen” could possibly help people succeed in doing everything.
（1）Robert Maurer wrote a book to tell us ______.
A. we should do everything in big steps             B. how to change one's life with one small step
C. we should try a lot of sudden changes          D. how to find a small step without any excuse
（2）The underlined part “increase productivity” in the passage means “______”.
A. 提高生产率                         B. 增长成本                         C. 增长出口量                         D. 提高待遇
（3）The writer of the passage suggests we should ______.
A. make changes at the end of the year             B. do few experiments with “Kaizen”
C. do things with hard to achieve goals             D. take a tiny step to achieve big goals
（4）Which of the following is TRUE from the passage?
A. You can achieve your goals if you are not too busy.          B. Robert Maurer studied “kaizen” and found it helpful.
C. You can't find any excuse not to reach a big goal.          D. “Kaizen” was brought to Japan during World WarⅡ.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文重要讲述了应忘记太大、难以实现目，只想想小目，一步步地去实现它。
（1）B细节理解题。根据who recently wrote the book One Small Step Can Change Your Life（近来写了一本书《一小步可以变化你生活》）可知，故选B
（2）A细节理解题。根据by trying small, continuous improvements instead of sudden changes（通过尝试一种小、持续进步来替代忽然地变化）可知，选A
（3）D细节理解题。根据Forget the too big, hard-to-achieve goals and just think about the small ones（忘记太大、难以实现目，只想想小）可知，本题选D
（4）B细节理解题。根据Maurer studied the idea and did some experiments with it（莫勒学习了这个主意，然后做了某些试验）可知，本题选B
【点评】本文属于议论文，阅读时首先要弄清晰作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样论据进行怎样分析，最终得出了什么样结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致内容，就可以轻松确实定答案。

5．阅读下列短文，从下面每题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
    During the Rio Olympic Games, many Chinese sports fans sat in front of the TV and cheered our athletes on, hoping that they would get as many gold medals as possible.
    But sometimes our hope for getting more gold medals can result in our more disappointment （失望） if the athletes fail to get them. For example, when Liu Xiang, China's track hero, pulled out of the Beijing Olympics because of his injury （伤势）, he greatly disappointed many Chinese sports fans.
    But things are different now. In the Rio Olympic Games, we saw a healthier and more lenient （宽容） Chinese attitude towards the sportspeople, fully in line with the Olympic spirit—that is—friendship, participation, fair play and never give up.
    China didn't win any gold medals on the first day. But, instead of criticizing （批评） the athletes, most of the fans were happy with their efforts. "They have tried their best. Athletes don't feel good after they miss the gold medal." That's the attitude of most audience. It shows the maturity （成熟） of a person, and is also a development of a country.
    Swimmer Fu Yuanhui won fans' hearts, even though she only won a bronze medal in the 100m backstroke final. Her fans on her Sina Weibo have increased from 100,000 to over 6 million. Many sports fans like her straightforward character and attitude towards competitions.
    "The attitude towards the Olympics has got to a higher level. We are happy to see this warm change." said an article in People's Daily.
（1）When sports fans were watching the Olympic Games on TV, they ________.
A. cheered for themselves                                    B. had a celebration party
C. wished their athletes to win                            D. played sports with the family
（2）What can we know about Liu Xiang from the passage?
A. He didn't complete his event in the Beijing Olympics.
B. He was asked to give up the competition.
C. The audience had little hope for him.
D. He never disappointed Chinese sports fans.
（3）People like Fu Yuanhui because of her ________.
A. winning a bronze medal                                 B. kindness to the fans
C. Sina Weibo                                                       D. attitude to competitions
（4）The passage is mainly about ________.
A. the changing attitude towards sportspeople in China
B. the importance of winning gold medals
C. the maturity of a person and a country
D. the development of sports in China
【答案】 （1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】重要讲了里约奥运会中国人对运动态度变化。
（1）细节题。根据many Chinese sports fans sat in front of the