2025年英语高考英语阅读理解社会文化抓分训练及解析.doc

英语）高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)抓分精品训练及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1．阅读理解
    In India, most of the women wear a red dot between their eyebrows. While it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital(婚姻)status, the practice is primarily related to the Hindu(印度教)religion. The dot goes by different names in different Hindi dialects, and “bindi" is the one that is most commonly known. Traditionally, the dot carries no gender restriction Men as well as women wear it. However, the tradition of men wearing it has faded in recent times, so nowadays we see a lot more women than men wearing one.
    The position of the bindi is standard center of the forehead, close to the eyebrows. It represents a third, or inner eye. Hindu tradition holds that all people have three eyes The two outer ones are used for seeing the outside world, and the third one is there to focus inward toward God. As such, the dot means piety(虔诚)and serves as a constant reminder to keep God in the front of a believer's thou ghts.
    Red is the traditional color of the dot. It is said that in ancient times a man would place a drop of blood between his wife's eyes to seal their marriage. According to Hindu beliefs, the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple. Today, people go with different colors depending upon their preferences. Women often wear dots that match the color of their clothes. Decorative of sticker bindis come in all sizes, colors and variations, and can be worn by young and old, married and unmarried people alike. Wearing a bindi has become more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.
（1）Why did people in India start wearing a red dot on their forehead?
A.To stress their family background.
B.To indicate their social rank.
C.To show their religious belief.
D.To display their financial status.
（2）What is the function of the third eye in Hindu tradition?
A.To help the other eyes see better.
B.To look to the distance.
C.To see the outside world.
D.To pay respect to God.
（3）Why was red chosen as the original color of the bindi?
A.The word "bindi" means "red" in some Hindi dialects.
B.Red was believed to be a lucky color for husband and wife.
C.The red dot represented the blood of God.
D.Red stood for a wife's love for her husband.
（4）Which of the following statements is true about bindis today?
A.Bindis are now used to make people look better.
B.Bindis are worn anywhere on the face now.
C.Most Indian women do not wear bindis anymore.
D.More men than women wear bindis in India.
【答案】 （1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，大多数印度女人眉毛中间都戴着红点，这种做法重要与印度教有关，它代表是第三只眼，可以时时提醒信徒要尊敬上帝。目前眉心红点更多是作为装饰品使用。
（1）考察推理判断。根据第一段中“In India, most of the women wear a red dot between their eyebrows. While it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital（婚姻）status, the practice is primarily related to the Hindu（印度教）religion.”在印度，大多数女性眉毛上均有一种红点。虽然这一般被认为是他们婚姻状况一种指标，但这种做法重要与印度教有关。可知这种做法重要与印度教有关，因此印度人前额戴红点是展示他们宗教信奉。故选C。
（2）考察细节理解。根据第二段可知，印度老式上认为人有第三只眼。以及“As such，the dot serves as a constant reminder to keep God inthe front of a believer's thoughts．”因此，点作为一种持续提醒，以保持神在信徒思想面前。因此第三眼在印度教老式中重要性是要尊重上帝。故选D。
（3）考察细节理解。根据第三段中“According to Hindu beliefs，the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple．”可知，根据印度教信奉，红色被认为能为已婚夫妇带来好运。故选B。
（4）考察细节理解。根据第三段中“Decorative or sticker bindis come in all sizes，colorsand variations，and can be worn by young and old，married and unmarried people alike．Wearinga bindi has become more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.” 装饰物或贴纸贴纸有多种尺寸、颜色和变化，年轻人和老年人、已婚人士和未婚人士都可以佩戴。佩戴宾蒂帽与其说是一种宗教习俗，不如说是一种时尚宣言。可知，眉心红点目前更多被用作装饰品。故选A．
【点评】本题考点波及细节理解和推理判断两个题型考察，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要精确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出对答案。

2．阅读理解
    Visitors must present all carried items for inspection upon entry. After inspection, all bags, backpacks, umbrella, parcels and other items as determined by security officers must be left at the checkrooms, free of charge, close to each entrance. All oversized bags, backpacks and luggage must be left at the checkrooms near the 4th Street entrance of either the East or West Building. These items will have to be x-rayed before being accepted. Items of value, such as laptop computers, cameras and fur coats, may not be left in the checkrooms but may be carried into the gallery. We regret that the museum doesn't have enough space for visitors items larger than 17*26 inches in the gallery.
    Additional security procedures and checks may be taken according to the decision of the gallery.
    *For the safety of the artworks and other visitors, nothing may be carried on a visitor's back. Soft front-baby carriers are allowed, but children may not be carried on shoulders or in a child carrier worn on the back. Wheelchairs are available free of charge near each checkroom.
    *Smoking is prohibited. Food and drink are not permitted outside the food service areas. Unopened bottled water may be carried only in a visitor's bag. Cell phones may not be used in the gallery.
    *Animals, other than service animals, are not permitted.
    *Skateboarding is prohibited.
    *Picture-taking(including video) for personal use is permitted except in the special exhibits.
    *Please don't touch the works of art.
（1）According to the text, which item can be carried into the gallery?
A. umbrella                              B. package                              C. Ipad                              D. suitcase
（2）When in the gallery, what can visitors do?
A. They can carry opened bottled water in their bags.         B. They can drink inside the food service areas.
C. They can take pictures for personal use anywhere.         D. They must pay if they use wheelchairs for the children.
（3）What is the text mainly about?
A. The polices of the gallery                                B. The artworks of the gallery
C. The location of the gallery                               D. The history of the gallery
【答案】 （1）C
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，简介了参观博物馆某些规定。例如，游客携带物品需要在入口处接受检查；过大物品不容许带入博物馆；此外，除了服务犬外其他动物不容许进入等等。
(1)考察细节理解。根据第一段中“After inspection, all bags, backpacks, umbrella, parcels and other items as determined by security officers must be left at the checkrooms, free of charge, close to each entrance.“可知，伞、背包和手提包等都不可以带进国家美术馆。故选C。
(2)考察推理判断。根据带星号要点第二点“Food and drink are not permitted outside the food service areas.“可知，不容许饮食服务区以外食品和饮料，可推知可以饮用饮食服务区内供应饮料，故选B。
(3)考察主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文简介了艺术展上，参观者需要注意事项，故选A。
【点评】本题考点波及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型考察，是一篇简介类阅读，考生需要精确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出对答案。

3．阅读理解
    Singles Day: Alibaba Says a Lot of People in China Bought Online
The planet's biggest shopping day has come and gone, and Alibaba again showed the world how many mountains of stuff (物品) it could persuade people to buy in the 24 hours.
    Monday was Nov. 11, known in China as Singles Day. This year, nearly $38.3 billion worth of stuff was sold on Alibaba's platforms (平台) that day, beating last year's $30.8 billion and making Black Friday look, yet again, like a yard sale.
    China has grown richer and more digitally connected. Alibaba has become a technology powerhouse. Along the way, the company has made a few famous friends. This year the singer Taylor Swift performed in its live-streamed evening gala (庆典) in Shanghai on Sunday. In previous years the model Miranda Kerr and the actors Nicole Kidman and Daniel Craig also showed on the Singles Day stage.
    Alibaba started taking the lead in China, simply enough, by connecting big Chinese manufacturers with big buyers across the world. Its business-to-business site, A allowed people to buy almost everything. Alibaba's advantage wasn't hard to see: size. Alibaba is just big, even by Chinese standards.
    Alibaba now calls itself a data and technology company, one that provides digital tools to help the businesses on its platforms. That, in turn, leads consumers to look to those platforms for their every need, from shopping and services to entertainment and travel. Today, Alibaba is itself a gigantic company, and it wants to grow bigger still.
（1）Where is this passage probably from?
A.A textbook.
B.A newspaper.
C.A science news report.
D.An advertisement.
（2）How many famous people showed on the Singles Day stage?
A.2.
B.3.
C.4.
D.5.
（3）What does Alibaba's advantage mainly lie in?
A.Its platform.
B.Its service.
C.Its price.
D.Its size.
（4）Which word can replace the underlined word "gigantic" in the last paragraph ?
A.Large.
B.Small.
C.Good.
D.Successful.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，简介了引领了中国双十一购物节阿里巴巴企业。每年购物节前夕都会找明星预热。同步简介了阿里巴巴有关信息。
（1）考察推理判断。本文简介了中国双十一购物节有关数据和阿里巴巴企业状况，可以从报纸理解到有关信息。故选B。
（2）考察细节理解。根据第三段中Taylor Swift ，Miranda Kerr，Nicole Kidman，Daniel Craig等人都参与了双十一晚会庆典，共4人，故选C。
（3）考察细节理解。根据第四段中“Alibaba's advantage wasn't hard to see: size. Alibaba is just big, even by Chinese standards.”阿里巴巴优势不难看出，就是其规模，并且阿里巴巴规模以中国原则而言也是非常大。故选D。
（4）考察词义猜测。最终一段中“and it wants to grow bigger still”，阿里巴巴也想继续扩大，此处使用了bigger形容词比较级，由此可判断划线词意为“大”，故选A。
【点评】本题考点波及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型考察，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要精确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出对答案。

4．阅读理解
    In our annual Readers' Choice Awards survey, we asked our readers to rate their favorite cities in the world for arts and culture. These cities are centers of music and dance, museums, and theaters. Here are four of them where you can find inspiration in the arts, starting with the top spot.
    Rome, Italy
    At its peak, the Roman Empire extended over nearly two million square miles of land across Europe, Asia Minor and North Africa. Today, that history is on display everywhere. The city's main attractions are famous not because of tourist advertisements, but because they are really so impressive. No wonder it's known as the Eternal City: You could spend forever here and find new artistic and cultural treasures every day.
    Paris, France
    Hemingway famously called Paris "a moveable feast", but wherever you go while in the city, there is always something to see, hear, taste or feel. With some 150 museums, Paris doubles as an art history class, offering the very best of the discipline across centuries and styles.
    London, United Kingdom
    London is inspiration and setting for the rise of Shakespeare, Dickens, Orwell and Eliot and the breeding ground for all those iconic (标志性) bands: The Kinks, The Clash and The Stones. London is also Banksy's favorite canvas, home to more than 1,000 galleries, and the kind of place where you can spend a whole day in a single museum and still be ready for more when it opens the next morning.
    Vienna, Austria
    As we all know, Western music would be unrecognizable without Austria's capital, which nurtured many famous musicians. It's also the site of the Vienna Secession, a revolutionary art movement founded in 1897 by Gustav Klimt. Visitors today can see the fruits of all that creativity in the city's 100 – odd museums.
（1）Why is Rome regarded as the Eternal City?
A.It had an important role in history.
B.Its history can be seen everywhere.
C.People can easily find new art and culture.
D.People can spend money well there.
（2）What does the underlined word "nurtured" in the last paragraph mean?
A.Produced.
B.Affected.
C.Attracted.
D.Changed.
（3）Which column can we probably find the text?
A.History.
B.Art.
C.Education.
D.Life.
【答案】 （1）C
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，简介了四个世界上最受爱慕艺术和文化都市。
（1）考察细节理解。根据  Rome, Italy部分中“No wonder it's known as the Eternal City: You could spend forever here and find new artistic and cultural treasures every day.”可知难怪它被称为永恒之城：你可以永远在这里度过，每天都能发现新艺术和文化宝藏。由此可知罗马被视为永恒之城是由于人们可以很容易地找到新艺术和文化。故选C。
（2）考察词义猜测。根据Vienna, Austria部分中“As we all know, Western music would be unrecognizable without Austria's capital”可知，假如没有奥地利首都，西方音乐将是不可识别，因此推断画线句句意：奥地利诞生了许多著名音乐家。由此可知划线单词意思为“产生，诞生”，故选A。
（3）考察推理判断。根据第一段中“In our annual Readers' Choice Awards survey, we asked our readers to rate their favorite cities in the world for arts and culture.”可知在一年一度读者选择奖调查中，我们规定读者对世界上最爱慕艺术和文化都市进行排名。以及文章内容重要简介了四个艺术和文化都市，由此可推知文章可以在“艺术”一栏找到。故选B。
【点评】本题考点波及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型考察，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要精确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出对答案。

5．阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
    When first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob (烤肉串) hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.
    Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.
    The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly charming.
    Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customers, especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Eastern cooking.
    A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, and reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plates piled with food.
    The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. Most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well.
    The food especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill (烤肉架).
    The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different styles of grilled meat.
    One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob, which is made of grilled chicken pieces served with either rice or bread. Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, a kabob consisting of grilled beef.
    Although the restaurant is small, the atmosphere and the food is delicious. It is a place that should not be overlooked.
（1）When first entering the restaurant, one can find that it ________.
A. has pleasant smells of kabobs                        B. is splendidly decorated
C. is crowded with dining tables                         D. looks like a common restaurant
（2）What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?
A. Reading local English newspapers.                 B. Drinking a kind of black coffee.
C. Watching news events on TV.                          D. Discussing world topics in low voices.
（3）The food of the restaurant ________.
A. is served in small amounts                              B. is rather expensive
C. is rich in variety                                                D. is very healthy
（4）What is the dish Joojeh Kabob mainly made of?
A. Rice                                 B. Chicken                                 C. Bread