阅读理解人生百味专项练习.doc

阅读理解（人生百味）专题练习

一、九年级中考英语阅读理解（人生百味）（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读理解
    The following are some tips for becoming a successful businessman by Michael Bloomberg. They are based on his experience of building a company from the ground  up, leading New York City as mayor（市长）, and so on.
Take Risks
    Life is too short to spend your time avoiding failure.
    In 1981, at the age of 39, I lost my job. The next day I took a big risk and began my own company. In , when I was debating whether to run for mayor, most people advised me not to do it. But one person said, “If you can imagine yourself giving a concession（败选）speech, then why not go for it?” That was the best advice I received, and I followed it.
    In order to succeed, you must first be willing to fail— and you must have the courage to go for it anyway.
    Make your own luck
    Luck plays a part in success. The harder you work, the luckier you get.
    Whatever you choose to do, even if it's not the job of your dreams, always work hard at it. Be the first person at work in the morning and the last to leave at night. Hard work creates chances.
    Never stop learning
    The most powerful word in English language is “why”. There is nothing so powerful as an open, inquiring mind（探究精神）. Whatever field you choose for starting a business — be a lifelong student.
    Give back
    You are responsible for your success and failure, but you only succeed if you share the reward with others.
    My first donation was a $ 5 check to my alma mater （母校） . And while the checks（支票）may be bigger today, they come with the same spirit.
    You don't have to be wealthy to give back. You can give back by giving your time and talents.
（1）In this passage, Michael Bloomberg is the name of a        .
A. newspaper                            B. place                            C. company                            D. person
（2）What did the writer do at the age of 59?
A. Lost his job.            B. Ran for mayor.            C. Built a company.            D. Became a teacher.
（3）From the passage, we can infer that the writer          .
A. is a young mayor                                              B. seldom cares about others
C. is lucky all the time                                          D. is a hard-working man
（4）Which of the following isn't mentioned in the tips?
A. Failure is the mother of success.                     B. It's never too old to learn.
C. Money is everything.                                       D. Luck comes from hard work.
（5）In which of the following columns（栏目）can you find the article?
A. Family Life             B. Interesting Stories             C. Experience Sharing             D. Adventures
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文简介了成功商人迈克尔·布隆伯格获取成功某些秘诀。包括勇于承担风险；发明出自已运气；学习永不放弃；要回报社会等等。
（1）细节推断题，根据短文第一段中出现句子“They are based on his experience”可知，这里his指是Michael Bloomberg这个人。故选D。
（2）细节理解题，根据Take Risks第二段中句子“1981, at the age of 39, I lost my job. The next day I took a big risk and began my own company. In , when I was debating whether to run for mayor,”可知，作者刚好59岁，打算精选市长，故选B。
（3）推理判断题，由Take Risks/Make your own luck中内容“Be the first person at work in the morning and the last to leave at night. Hard work creates chances.”可知，作者是一种勤奋人。故选D。
（4）细节理解题，通过排除法，A选项在Take Risks首段提到；B项在Take Risks第二段和第三段可知；D项由Make your own luck第二段可得出。故C没有提及。故选C。
（5）推理判断题。整篇文章是作者给大家分享个人经验，因此C选项最佳。故选C。
【点评】在做细节理解题时，解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文， 而常常可采用 “带着问题找答案”措施．先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索，寻找答案。推理判断题，对付此类题时我们不仅要弄懂文章字面意思，更重要是要懂得文章潜在含义，和作者所给提醒。同步要对文章含义和作者暗示作合理猜测和推论。

2．阅读理解

    One year, a college in the United States announced that it would offer a lot of money for the pure white marigold（金盏花）. The high reward attracted so many people, but in the nature, besides golden, the marigold is brown, and it is not easy to get the white one. So after they were excited for a time, many people had forgotten the announcement.
    One normal day after 20 years, the college received a letter and 100 seeds of pure white marigold. It was an old woman of over 70 years old. Some experts in the college doubted it, but in order not to let her down those seeds finally took root （根）in the earth. The miracle appeared after one year; the field was covered by pure white marigold.
    Therefore, the old woman who was always unknown to the public became a new focus.
    The old woman was a flower-lover. When she read the announcement 20 years ago, she got very excited like others. But her eight children were totally against her decision. After all, a woman who never knew the seed genetics（遗传学） couldn't complete what the experts could never do, so her thought was only a day dream.
    Still, the old woman didn't change her mind and went on working. She planted some of the most common seeds and took good care of them. A year later, when the marigold came out, she chose one faintest（最暗淡） from those golden and brown flowers and got the best seed. The next year, she again grew them and chose...Day after day, year after year, through many seasons, the old woman's husband died, her children flew far, a lot of things happened in her life, but only the wish to grow the pure white marigold took root in her heart.
    Finally, after 20 years on the day we all know, in the garden she saw a marigold, which was nearly white, but as white as silver or snow.
    A problem even experts couldn't deal with was solved by an old woman who didn't understand genetics. Was it a miracle  （奇迹）?
To take root in the heart, even the most common seed, can grow into a miracle!
（1）According to the passage, _____ marigold is unusual.

A. white                                B. purple                                C. brown                                D. golden
（2）It can be learned from the passage that___________.

A. the children didn't agree on their mother's decision
B. the woman needed the great reward for her big family
C. the experts also succeeded in growing the white marigold
D. the woman took good care of the flowers instead of her family
（3）The woman successfully grew the white marigold at last because she______

A. was luckier than experts                                  B. put her heart into flowers
C. got support from her family                            D. studied the seed genetics well
（4）The passage mainly talks about_______.

A. the difficulties of getting the white marigold     B. the possibility of going beyond experts
C. the unforgettable development of marigold      D. the importance of holding on to dreams
【答案】 （1）A
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】这篇短文重要简介了有关金盏花故事。简介了老妇人坚持梦想重要性。（1）A细节理解题。根据One year, a college in the United States announced that it would offer a lot of money for the pure white marigold（金盏花）.可知白色金盏花是不寻常，故选A。（2）A细节理解题。根据But her eight children were totally against her decision.可知老妇人八个孩子反对老妇人决定。根据句意，故选A。（3）B 细节理解题。根据Finally, after 20 years on the day we all know, in the garden she saw a marigold, which was nearly white, but as white as silver or snow.可知最终，后一天我们都懂得，在花园里，她看到了一种金盏花，这几乎是白色，但白色或雪。由于她用心地种植这些种子，故选B。（4）D综合理解题。此篇文章重要是为了阐明坚持梦想重要性。故选D。

3．根据内容，判断下列句子正误。
    On a farm lived a father and a son. The father always got up early and read books by the stove. One morning, the son came up to him and said, "Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. What's the good of reading?"
    The father didn't reply to his question at once. He passed him a basket that was used to carry coal. He said, "Get some water from the river with the basket and then I'll tell you the answer."
    The son felt surprised but he did as his father said. He tried many times but every time the water leaked （遗漏） from the basket.
    An hour later, the son came back with the empty basket and told his father it was impossible to hold water with the basket. The father said with a smile. "Yes, you are right, my son. The basket can't hold water. But did you notice the basket was different?" The son found the dirty basket had become clean. The father continued, "Reading is like holding water with the basket. Although we can't remember all we read, we have changed while reading."
（1）The father was used to reading in the morning.
（2）The son wondered if reading was good for him.
（3）The father didn't answer his son's question because he thought it was stupid.
（4）The basket had no difference after the son used it to get water from the river.
（5）From the passage, we know that reading can make a difference to a person.
【答案】 （1）1
（2）1
（3）0
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】重要讲了父亲是怎样教育儿子读书好处。
（1）细节题。根据The father always got up early and read books by the stove.可知父亲总是早起在炉子旁边读书，故填对。
（2）细节题。根据Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. What's the good of reading?可知儿子问父亲读书好处是什么，即想懂得读书与否有好处，故填对。
（3）细节题。根据后文可知父亲通过用篮子取水事情回答儿子问题，故填错误。
（4）细节题。根据The son found the dirty basket had become clean可知儿子发现脏篮子取水后变得洁净，故填错误。
（5）细节题。根据全文可知读书可以对人产生作用，故填对。
【点评】考察阅读理解，重要考察细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

4．阅读理解
    When I was ten, my mother worked all day so I had to take care of my younger brother. At that time my little brother was about four years old and he missed mum all the time.
    One day, after I had given him his dinner, he started crying for mum. He was so young and really needed mum. So I dressed him, put on his shoes, carried him on my back and walked out. Soon he fell asleep. About half an hour later, I found that he had lost a shoe while sleeping. I took him off my back and put him down. I knew we needed to find that shoe, for our mother couldn't afford new shoes. We had to go back to find it, so I told my brother to wait right there. A man heard it and stopped me just before I walked off. He asked me, "You are leaving your brother here to find the shoe? What would you do if he is not here when you return?" I did not know how to answer that question. He continued, "It's OK if you can't find the shoe, but it is not OK to lose your brother." Then he sent us to mum's workplace by taxi.
    I have depended on（依托） the kindness of many strangers in my whole life, I feel regretful that I can't find them and say thank you. I do not even remember what the man's face looked like, but he taught me a lesson—people are more important than things.
（1）Why did the younger brother cry for his mother?
A. Because he was hungry.                                  B. Because he missed his mother.
C. Because he wanted to sleep.                           D. Because he wanted to play outside.
（2）What does the underlined word "regretful" in the last paragraph mean?
A. Sorry.                               B. Excited.                               C. Happy.                               D. Angry.
（3）What did the man mean by saying "It's OK if you can't find the shoe, but it's not OK to lose your brother"?
A. People are more important than things.         B. Things are more important than people.
C. Both the shoe and your brother are important.         D. The shoe is more important than your brother.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）A
【解析】【分析】重要讲了作者妈妈成天工作，因此作者照顾弟弟，一天弟弟哭着找妈妈，作者背着弟弟出去了，成果把鞋子掉了，作者想丢下弟弟找鞋子，一位好心人告诉作者不要把弟弟独自丢下，并且带他们去找妈妈，这让作者明白了人比东西更重要。
（1）细节题。根据he started crying for mum. He was so young and really needed mum.可知弟弟哭原因是他想找妈妈了，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据 I can't find them and say thank you.可知作者没有找到协助作者那些好心人，并且也没有说谢谢，因此作者是内疚，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据后文he taught me a lesson—people are more important than things.可知作者明白了人比东西更重要道理，故选A。
【点评】考察阅读理解，重要考察细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

5．阅读理解
    “Homestay is a form of study abroad program. It allows the visitor to rent a room from a local（当地）family to better understand the local lifestyle. It also helps to improve the visitor's language ability,” said a teacher during a school meeting last term. “Students who wish to learn more about foreign cultures or to get foreign experience should join this kind of holiday. I am sure you won't be disappointed（失望）.”
    After this special meeting, I always thought about this kind of holiday. Last month, I had a chance at last to go on such a holiday with some of my schoolmates and we went to London, a place where I had wanted to go since years ago.
    As we were still young, we had a group leader who planned things for us and looked after us. After we got to London, we went to stay with different families. I was lucky that my host family（寄宿家庭） was a white couple who had a daughter about my age. They treated me as a daughter of their family during my stay there. They were interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from them, too.
    The holiday was filled with activities every day. After breakfast, a local teacher would come to take us in his car. Then we would have classes or go on a sightseeing trip to different places of interest like the Big Ben, the London Bridge, and the Buckingham Palace. We would go back to our own homes after the activities.
    The holiday was a valuable experience for me. I enjoyed every minute of it. Yet, time really flew fast. Three weeks later, we had to leave “homes”for Hong Kong.
（1）In the “homestay”program, a visitor can    .
A. learn more about holidays                              B. understand his culture better
C. improve the language ability                          D. take part in foreign meetings
（2）The writer had wanted to visit London since    .
A. last month               B years ago               C. the special meeting               D. her stay abroad
（3）The group leader should    .
A. make plans for the family                                B. take care of the students
C. stay with different families                              D. rent rooms to the students
（4）The writer's host family    .
A. was very kind to her                                         B. went sightseeing with her
C. had two white daughters                                 D. was interested in her activities
（5）From the passage, we know that the writer    in London.
A. wished to stay a little longer                           B. spent three weeks in her home
C. had classes in many interesting places           D. helped the teacher take the students in a car
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
（5）A
【解析】【分析】本文简介了作者参与homestay活动，在伦敦参观学习经历。
（1）细节理解。根据第一段中It also helps to improve the visitor's language ability...可知这个项目可以提高参观者语言能力，故答案为C。
（2）细节理解。根据第二段中...we went to London,a place where I had wanted to go since years ago.可知作者数年前就想去伦敦，答案选B。
（3）细节理解。根据第三段中As we were still young,we had a group leader who planned things for us and looked after us.可知小组领袖为我们制定计划，照顾我们，故答案为B。
（4）细节理解。根据第三段中They treated me as a daughter of their family during my stay there.可知作者寄宿家庭把她当女儿看待，故答案为A。
（5）推理判断。通读最终一段可知,作者对伦敦很留恋,舍不得走,但愿在那儿待更长时间，故答案为A。
【点评】本文属于夹叙夹议文章，考察对篇章把握和对细节信息识别判断能力，答题时注意紧紧围绕问题中关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

6．阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
    Social media plays an