高三英语专项复习之完形填空解题技巧.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,高三英语专项复习之,完形填空,解题技巧,英语完形填空的主要特点,1.,通常从一篇,250,词左右，夹叙夹议的文章中设空,20,个，首句不挖空；,2.,考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出语篇的理解，突出文化背景,;,3.,干扰项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑作用。,英语完形填空的命题趋势,1,、,突出,语篇,。,2,、,试题型稳定，选项独具匠心。,3,、,辨析词义，以,实词,为主。,4,、,记叙文为主，且第一局不设空。,5,、,生词量有增无减。,6,、,长句增加，句式灵活，,结构,复杂。,英语完形填空的命题趋势,1,、,突出,语篇,。,(,2005NMET)My sister and I,grew up in a little village in England.Our father was a struggling,36,but I always knew he was,37,.he never criticized us,but used,38,(praise)to bring out our best father said:“when I was 23,my dad persuaded me to go into law”.,36.A.biologist B.manager,C.lawyer,D.gardener,37.A.strict,B.honest,C.special,D.learned,英语完形填空的命题趋势,2,、,试题型稳定，选项独具匠心,。,(,NMET2004,),(She said she had a story to tell me-a postal letter carrier)About six months,3,it seemed that I had,4,a letter to her which had her street,5,on it but was addressed to another house with the,6,number on a different street in the neighborhood.,3.A.after,B.earlier,C.later,D.ago,4.,A.sent,B.written,C.delivered,D.given,5.A mark,B.sign,C.board,D.number,6.,A.correct B.wrong,C.same,D.different,英语完形填空的命题趋势,6,、,长句增加，句式灵活，,结构,复杂。,(,NMET(1)2005,),(when I was wait my food in a familiar restaurant)The man had a news paper,38,in front of him,which he was,39,to read,but I could,40,that he was keeping an eye on me.When the waiter brought my,41,the man was clearly puzzled by the,42,way in which the waiter and I,43,each other.,38.A.flat,B.open,C.cut,D.fixed,39.A.hoping,B.thinking,C.pretending,D.continuing,40.,A.See,B.find,C.guess,D.learn,41.A.menu,B.bill,C.paper,D.food,42.A.direct,B.familiar,C.strange,D.funny,43.,A.Chatted with,B.looked at C.laughed at D.talk about,英语完形填空的失分原因分析,1,、没有严格遵循答题步骤：,多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题,.,事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到,15-18,分钟。,切记,：一定要用,2-3,分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空。,2,、不注意积累答题技巧,:,a.,忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系,;,b.,遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择。,英语完形填空的解题步骤,1,、,浏览全文,掌握文章的中心及脉络,.,a.应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读.,b.注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句.,2,、,分段落实,逐个填空,.,a.先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格.,b.对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点.,3.通读全文,检查核对.,英语完形填空的,考查内容,复 现,同 现,替 代,省 略,顺序关系,并列关系,分指关系,转折关系,解释关系,因果关系,语篇结构（语境理解）,语法项目,英语完形填空的,考查内容,一、词汇手段,1、复现、同现,1,.,(08,天津卷),The next day Jenna went to see Mrs.Biden about being on the school,25,.Mrs.Biden wasnt as,26(enthusiastic),as Jenna.“Im sorry,but we have enough,27(writer),for the,newspaper,already.,A.committee,B.newspaper,C.radio,D.team,原词重现,2.(08,山东卷,),Garths e-mail was,short,but I learned more from that,52,message than I ever did from a textbook.,A.accurate,B.urgent,C.brief,D.humorous,同义词、近义词复现,英语完形填空的,考查内容,2,、词语的习惯用法和固定搭配,1,.,(,08,安徽),There are many different ways of seeing a town for the first time.One of them is to walk around it,guide-book,_,3,6_,hand.,A.in,B.at,C.by,D.on,2,.,(,08,安徽),When we 41(look at)it as a whole,we begin to have some,42,which even the best guide-books do not,answer,.,A.ideas,B.opinions,C.feelings,D.questions,英语完形填空的,考查内容,3、根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义,1,.,(08,湖南,),Cassie looked at me,and her glare,_,.I laughed,She smiled,A.returned B.remained,C.increased,D.softened,2,.,(08,四川),I knew she had strict sleeping habits,but I thought she ought to be able to _some of this strictness.,A.put up,B.take up,C.pick up,D.give up,英语完形填空的考查内容,4、根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行选择,1,.,(08,湖南卷,)I made my sandwich that afternoon while waiting for Cassie.,39,the butter-cream gave me an idea.,A.Spreading,B.Boiling,C.Baking D.Holding,2,.,Every morning she would give him breakfast,29,bed and bring him the papers to,30,.,29.,A.to B.at,C.in,D.by,30.,A.check,B.read,C.keep D.sign,英语完形填空的,考查内容,二、语法手段,1、省略 2、替代 3、语法项目,1,.,The strange Dr had been loved by someone:he,had given his life,as,Charley,_,for a cause he believed right.,A./,B.had been,C.had,D.had done,省略,英语完形填空的,考查内容,三、逻辑手段,1、顺序关系 2、并列关系 3、分指关系,4、转折关系 5、解释关系 6、因果关系,10.(08,天津,),Jenna,a popular girl from,Westwood Middle School,had graduated,first in her class and was ready for new,challenges in high school.,high school,was different.,A.Therefore,B.However,C.Otherwise D.Besides,转折关系,11.,(08,湖北),Neilson considers herself lucky_she suffered injuries.,A.and,B.but,C.though,D.when,让步关系,英语完形填空的,考查内容,四、篇章结构（语境理解）,12.,(08,湖南),I raced down the steps.The,side walk was dotted with,egg shells(,蛋壳,),from those,51,drops.,A.intended B.unexpected,C.failed,D.desired,13.,(08,四川),Clearly I had made,.I had started the evening wanting to have a happy time with my daughter but had allowed my desire to win to become more important than my relationship with my daughter,So I had to change.,A.a mistake,B.a decision,C.an attempt D.an effort,英语完形填空的解题技巧,1,、,照应,：,瞻前顾后联系全文。,2,、,积累,：,掌握,固定搭配,的用法与,同义词,的辨析。,3,、,分清逻辑关系,：,注意文中分类、对比、从属、并列等关系所用的词语。,4,、,化简句子,：,突破长句的理解。,5,、,充分利用你的,常识,。,英语完形填空的解题技巧,1,、,照应,：,充分利用文章的结构，上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。有时可能是同义词，有时可能是反意词。1,.,Travelling west,you set your clock,7,;,travelling east,you set it ahead Travelling,15,today becomes yesterday;travelling west it is tomorrow.7.A.behind,B.forward,C.back,D.ahead15.A.south,B.east,C.north,D.west,2,.,So the slave was pardoned and,50,.,A.killed B.rich C.happy,D.freed,3,.,Many old people dont have good,13,.They cant watch TV,but they can listen to music or news over the radio.A.hearing B.health,C.eyesight,D.time,英语完形填空的解题技巧,2,、,积累：固定搭配包括介词与动词的搭配、动词与宾语的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等。要根据内容选择正确的短语。,1.,They spend millions of dollars yearly,2,newspapers and magazines,A.in,B.to,C.on,D.for,2.,Tom told what he saw to the man and it wasnt long _ the police caught the thief.,A.that,B.before,C.until,D.then,3.,Some people in India do not eat meat or fish,6,.,A.after all,B.in the end,C.at all D.no longer,英语完形填空的解题技巧,2,、,积累（注意,词语的辨析,）,1.,Soon I heard a _ like that of a door burst in,and then a climb of feet.,A.sound,B.cry,C.voice,D.from,2,.,To my horror,I saw,_ my fathers shoulder,a gorilla,A.on,B.above,C.over,D.form,3,.,Give me a hand,he shouted _ he got near the boat.A.while,B.till,C.for,D.as,英语完形填空的解题技巧,3、,根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项,1,.,and the officers then began to eat their meal,saying that the mushrooms had a very strange,8,quite pleasant taste.,A,.besides,B.but,C.and,D.or,2,.,A transistor radio is sometimes very small.It is very easy to carry,11,radio broadcasts are better for blind people.,A.Besides,B.However C.Yet,D.Sometimes,英语完形填空的解题技巧,4、,简化句子，突破长句,1,.,(MNET2005江西卷,),He is a great chatter,48,(,as well).If he did not know them,he would greet them with a few,49,about the weather,50,he did know them,he would ask about their families or make,51,always cutting his cloth,52,his customers.,49.,A.Saying,B.questions,C.words,D.speeches,50.,A.and then,B.and so,C.even if,D.but if,51.A.Preparations,B.jokes,C.repairs,D.friends,52.,A.according to,B.due to,C.instead of D.up to,英语完形填空的解题技巧,5、,充分利用生活常识以及相关知识,1,.,because the earth,2,twenty-four time zones,one hour apart.,A.gives B.is,C.is divided into,D.shows,2,.,There.1350 feet above the street,a _ figure was walking on air.,A.great B.strange C.public,D.tinny,3,.,The ring had fallen of and been damaged in the great _ of the fire.,A.pile,B.heat,C.power D.pressure,（,08,江西）,The three youths leaned over the metal rails along the sea-wall and watched a few fishermen pull in their nets.About thirty metres away,a boat pulled alongside the slippery steps leading,36,to the sea.,“Hey,look!”exclaimed Rahim.“Those two men are,37,heavy rocks.I thought we no longer do muscle labour in this technological,38 .,”“you dont,39,a crane(,起重机,)to unload less than a dozen rocks,do you?”smiled Joshua.,“But those men dont,40to have muscles at all,”said Michael,rather surprised.Joshua smiled.,“They are,41,laborers who know how to spread the weight of the rocks they,42,.See how the man positions the rock just at the slope of his,43,.,36.A.through B.across,C.down D.up,37.A.loading B.unloading,C.covering D.uncovering,38.Away B.revolution,C.process D.era,39.A.ask B.expect,C.attempt D.hope,40.A.happen B.fail,C.have D.seem,41.A.ambitious,B.experienced,C.potential,D.energetic,42.A.take B.fetch,C.carry D.bring,43.A.shoulder B.back,C.chest D.arms,原词重现,语境理解,词义,用法,排除法,语境,-,词义,词义辨析,常识,Some of the rocks weight is set,44,his head,some on the right hand and some on the left hand.His body isnt bent.His legs are well,45 .,”,“Youre right,Josh.He may have a small build,46,he certainly well knows his job.Dear me!And to think we have been studying,47,!”Rahim thought about all that was happening.Suddenly,he said,“Technology wont,48,the human being completely,it appears.”,“I dont think it will.”,49,Joshua.“You can harvest a crop of potatoes or wheat with one of those large,multi-purpose tractors,but you,50,use that equipment to harvest lea leaves and tomatoes,will you?”,44.A.on B.against,C.toward D.under,45.A.supported,B.grasped C.placed,D.strengthened,46.A.but B.however,C.so D.therefore,47.A.chemistry,B.physics C.biology,D.psychology,48.A.control B.affect,C.remove D.replace,49.A.agreed B.proposed,C.refused D.denied,50.A.cant B.mustnt,C.wont D.neednt,常识 词义,词义辨析,转折关系,语境理解,词义语境,语境,原词重现,“You can get a computer to,51,multiple-choice assessments,but you cannot get the computer to produce of assess essays,can you?”asked Michael.,“Well,the washing machine leaves my shirt collar quite as,52,as ever-thats domestic technology for you!”said Rahim.,“One day,perhaps,there wont be anybody,53,who can carry a large rock the way those men do.Its not going to be a very,54,world,Im afraid.”Sighed Michael.,“Youre too much of a pessimist(,悲观主义者,),，,Mike.”Said Joshua.“,55,will always be other things that will make the world exciting.”,51.A.point out,B.take out,C.hand out,D.print out,52.A.dirty B.clean,C.old D.new,53.A.caught,Barranged,C.left,D.convinced,54.A.exciting,B.mysterious,C.technological,D.modern,55.A.That B.This,C.They D.There,常识,常识,-,语境,词义,-,句型,原词重现,固定句型,英语完形填空的解题方法,总的原则：,“先完意，后完形”。,八字方针：,上下求索，瞻前顾后。,三步曲：,读,填,读,(08,江苏,)Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland.In an interview,she recalled how she became a percussion soloist(,打击乐器独奏演员,)in spite of her disability.,“Early on I decided not to allow the,36,of others to stop me from becoming a musician.I grew up on a farm in northeast Scotland and began,37,piano lessons when I was eight.The older I got,the more my passion(,酷爱,)for music grew.But I also began to gradually lose my,38,.Doctors concluded that the nerve damage was the,39,and by age twelve,I was completely deaf.But my love for music never,40,me.”“My,41,was to become a percussion soloist,even though there were none at that time.To perform,I,42,to hear music differently from others.,36.A.conditions,B.opinions C.actions,D.recommendations,37.A.enjoying,B.choosing,C.taking D.giving,38.A.sight B.hearing,C.touch D.taste,39.A.evidence B.result C.excuse D.cause,40.A.left B.excited,C.accompanied,D.disappointed,41.A.purposeB.decision,C.promise D.goal,42.A.turnedB.learned,C.usedD.ought,I play in my stocking feet and can,43,the pitch of a note(,音调高低,)by the vibrations(,振动,)I feel through my body and through my,44,.My entire sound world exists by making use of almost every,45,that I have.”,“I was,46,to be assessed as a musician,not as a deaf musician,and I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London.No other deaf student had,47,this before and some teachers,48,my admission.Based on my performance,43.A.tell B.see,C.Hear D.smell,44.A.carefulness,B.movement,C.imagination,D.experience,45.A.sense B.effort,C.feelingD.idea,46.A.dissatisfied,B.astonished,C.determined,D.discouraged,47.A.done B.accepted,C.advised D.admitted,48.A.supported,B.followed,C.required,D.opposed,I was,49,admitted and went on to,50,with the academys highest honours.”,“After that,I established myself as the first full-time solo percussionist.I,51,and arranged a lot of musical compositions since,52,had been written specially for solo percussionists.”,“I have been a soloist for over ten years.,53,the doctor thought I was totally deaf,it didnt,54,that my passion couldnt be realized.I would encourage people not to allow themselves to be,55,by others.Follow your passion;follow your heartThey will lead you to the place you want to go.”,49.A.usually B.finally,C.possibly,D.hopefully,50.A.studyB.research,C.graduate D.progress,51.A.wroteB.translated,C.copied D.read,52.A.enough B.some,C.manyD.few,53.A.However,B.Although,C.WhenD.Since,54.A.meanB.seem,C.conclude D.say,55.A.directed B.guided,C.taught D.limited,答案,36.B,37.C,38.B,39.D,40.A,41.D,42.B,43.A,44.C,45.A,46.C,47.A,48.D,49.B,50.C,51.A,52.D,53.B,54.A,55.D,