初中英语被动语态小结.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,泸州十中 曹霞,一、英语有两种语态,:,主动语态和被动语态,1,、,主动语态,表示,主语,是动作的,执行者,。,例如,:Many people speak Chinese.,谓语,:speak,的动作是由主语,many people,来执行的。,2,、,被动语态,表示,主语,是动作的,承受者,例如,:Chinese is spoken by many people.,主语,Chinese,是动词,speak,的承受者。,二、被动语态的构成,被动语态由“,be+,动词的过去分词,”构成。,Be,动词有,人称、数和时态的变化,一般现在时,:,am/is/are,+,done,一般过去时,:,was/were,+,don,e,一般将来时,:,will,+,be,+,done,或,be going to,+,be,+,done,现在进行时,:,am/is/are,+,being,+,done,过去进行时,:,was/were,+,being,+,done,现在完成时,:,have/has,+,been,+,done,过去完成时,:,had,+,been,+,done,含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“,情态动词,+be+done,”,构成,情态动词有：,could,should,would,can,must,may,主动语态变被动语态,用,十字交叉法,如：,Cats,eat,fish,.,（主动语态）猫吃鱼。,Fish,is eaten,by,cats,.(,被动语态,),鱼被猫吃。,三、被动语态的特殊用法,1.,使役动词,make,、,let,、,have,在主动语态中,，其,宾语补足语,要求用,不带,to,的,不定式,。但,在变为被动语态时，通常省略的不定式符号,to,必须恢复。,eg,.,Mother never,lets,me,watch,TV.,I,am,never,let,to,watch,TV by mother.,make,sb,.do let,sb,.do have,sb,.do.,a,.He,made,the boy,work,for two hours yesterday.,The boy,was made,to,work,by him for two hours yesterday.,b,.I,saw,him,come,into the room.,He,was seen,to,come,into the room.,hear,、,see,、,watch,、,notice,、,find,等,在主动语态,中,，其,宾语补足语,要求用,不带,to,的,不定式,。但,在变为被,动语态时，通常省略的不定式符号,to,必须恢复。,see,sb,.do.hear,sb,.do watch,sb,.do.,notice,sb,.do find,sb,.do,3.,不及物动词,无被动语态,eg,.,This listening material,together with its CD-,ROMs,_well,.,【2013,江苏常州,】,A.sells B.sell C.is sold D.are sold,4.,不及物动词,+,介词,/,副词,可以用于被动语态，但介词,/,副词不能省略。,eg,.Excuse me.Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself.,Sorry.,The book,you ask for_,out,.,【2013,河南,】,A.is selling B.is sold C.was selling D.will be sold,四没有被动语态的几个常用动词：,1.,感官系动词,无被动语态,：,look,sound,taste,feel,smell,2.,表示“,发生,”的两个动词：,happen,，,take place,3.,属于,：,belong to,4.,及物动词,cost,表示“,价值,”、“,花费,”意义时，,没有被动语态,。,5.,come true,、,fall asleep,无被动语态,练习题,1.,English,_ in the world.,A.speaks B.are spoken,C.is speaking D.is spoken,2.,This English song,_,by,the girls after class.,A.often sings B.often sang,C.is often sang D.is often sung,3.,This kind of car,_ in Japan.,A,makes B.made,C.is making D.is made,4.,New computers,_ all over the world.,A.is used B.are using,C.are used D.have usedD,D,D,C,5.,The sports meet,_,be held,until,next week,.,A.didnt B.wont C.isnt D.doesnt,6.Who,was,the book,_?,A.write B.wrote C.written D.written by,7.,The play,_ at the theatre,next Sunday,.,A.is going to be shown B.will shown,C.will show D.is shown,8.,Our room,must,_ clean.,A.keep B.be kept C.to be kept D.to keep,9.,The flowers,_,often,.,A.should be water B.should be watered,C.should watered D.should water,B,D,A,B,B,10.,The books,may,_,for two weeks,.,A.be kept B.be borrowed,C.keep D.borrow,11.,The telephone,can,_ for sending information.,A.use B.be use C.be used D.be using,12.,The teacher,made him _ his homework.,A.to do B.do C.did D.done,13.,The coat,_ her sister.,A.made to B.were made for,C.was made for D.was made to,14.,The apple,_ very sweet,A.,is tasted,B.,taste,C.,tastes,D.,are tasting,A,C,B,C,C,19,.,The earthquake,_in Wen chuan,in 2008,.,A.,have happened,B.,happened,C.,have been happened,D.,were happened,20,.,The bike,_ 500 yuan.,A.,was cost,B.,costed,C.,cost,D.,is costed,B,C,1.一Who designed,this game,?（,2013四川雅安,）,一,It,_,by,Tom,in 1999,.,A.is designed,B.designs,C.was designed,D.designed,2,.,Many buildings,in Lu,shan _ in the earthquake,on April 20th,.It will surely be reconstructed(,重建,)more beautifully.（,2013四川内江）,A.have destroyed,B.are destroyed,C.were destroyed,D.are destroying,3.,Chinese,_,by,the largest number of people.（,2013四川南充,）,A.speaks,B.speak,C.is spoken,4,.,With the help of,the people around China,many beautiful new,buildings,_,here and there in the earthquake-hit area in Sichuan.,(,2013四川凉山,）,A.can see,B.can be seen C.will see,5,.Why did Tom go to bed so late yesterday?,Because,his homework,_on time.,(,2013四川广安,）,A.didnt finish B.finish C.wasnt finished,6,.How often do I need to feed,the dog,?,It,_ food every day,or it will be hungry.,(,2013湖北黄冈,A.must give,B.must be give,C.must be given D.must be gave,7.Have you finished your project?,(,2013浙江宁波,）,Not yet.,Ill,finish it,if,I,_ ten more minutes.,A.give,B.am given,C.will give,D.will be given,8,A lot of trees,_around here,every year,，and we can enjoy fresher air now,(,2013重庆,）,Awere planted Bare planted,Cwill plant,Dare planting,9.What,languages,_ in that country?,German and English【2013天津】,A.are speaking B.are spoken,C.speak,D.is spoken,