自然拼读专题培训课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,自然拼读,1,、学习兴趣：入学时：兴趣,100%,毕业时：兴趣,？,60%,2,、语言技能：听？说？读？写？,3,、英语思维习惯养成了吗？,一、小学阶段英语教学的出发点和最终目标,最终目标：,Read to Learn!,小学目标：,Learn to Read!,小学：,1,、语言知识：（背单词、练句子、话题）,2,、语言技能：听？说？读？写？,二、我们的教学现状是怎样的呢？,1,、,Phonics,2,、,Sight words.,3,、,Reading,三、,Learn to read,包括那几项基本技能！,What are Sight Words?,Sight,Words,are words that appear in texts with high frequency.,They must be read fluently and automatically at first sight.,Sight Words are critical to reading not only because they are,used so frequently,but also because many of them cannot,easily be sounded out or illustrated.,1,、,美国学者,E.W.Dolch,在二次世界大战之前，针对英语儿童读物做了分析，统计后，所整理出最常被使用的,220,个字，在孩子早期阅读的书本中就占了,5,0%75%,，被称为,DolchSightWords,。,2,、包含了不少抽象意义的介词和代词，,例如：,for,、,to,、,he,、,it,等。,3,、还有一些,较,不符合字母拼读法发音规则,，如,down.,4,、中文解释较困，混杂文法变化，如：,do,have,up,等,。,Sight words,（,60%-70%,熟练掌握见字能读）,Phonics,（,30%-40%,解码拼读）,Reading,+,=,Sight words,教学切莫翻译，词不离句,Phonics is a method of teaching beginners to read and pronounce words by learning to associate letters or letter groups with the sounds they represent.,Phonics,已经在欧美国家流行百年，是自然形成,的一种发音规律，主要教授英文字母与语音之间,的对应关系，不用借助字典和音标就可以顺利读出,初级英语中,70%,左右的单词了。,What is Phonics?,（什么是自然拼读法？）,Page,8学习使用,Phonics,和没有接触过,Phonics,的有什么差呢？,学过,Phonics,没有用,Phonics,23,岁之前可以掌握,10,万个单词,掌握,10,万个单词,需要,173,岁,小学生掌握并且运用,180,条规则就可以大量阅读,靠记忆背单词，很难超过,600,个,/,年,8,岁以后词汇正常增长,速度为,2910,4850,个单词,/,年,不会有自然增长。,Phonics,-,直观，字母与声音对应关系稳定，见词能读,国际音标,-,抽象，需要查字典，一般的书不注音标，需 要 死记硬背,Phonics,国际音标,Phonics,与国际音标,的区别？,Page,10,Phonics教学法三要素：,Letter（字母）,Sound（音）,Blending（拼读）。,英语自然拼读学习的六阶成功法：,第一阶：建立字母与字母自然发音之间的直接联系。,第二阶：能够成功拼读元音,+,辅音（辅音,+,元音）。如：,c-a ca a-t at,第三阶：能够成功拼读辅音,+,元音,+,辅音。如,d-o-gdog,第四阶：能够成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。如,sw-ea-t-ersweater,第五阶：能够听音辨字，即听到单词读音就能拼出该单词。,第六阶：单词量大量扩充，能够阅读英语文章。,a_e cak,e,capenametapelakegamemaketakehatee_e these Japanese Chinesei_e bite five nine kitemineniceridesideo_e rosenose ropenoteposehomerodethoseu_e tubecube June cute huge,元辅,e,结构,ai:tailrainpaintpainjailrailnailmaiday:bayraywaysayhaypayMaylayee:reedseelbeepeeljeepfeetseeteethea:seameatpeanuteaglepeachtealeafpeaey:donkeymonkeyjockeyturkeymonkeyhockeykeytrolleyie:tiepieliedieigh:rightsightnighttighthightfighthighsighoa:roadtoasttoadcoalgoatboatcoatsoapow:rainbowpillowyellowwindowbowlrowhollowlowui:suitjuicefruit,双元音,1,：,aiayeeeaeyieighoaowuiue,ou:houseoutmouthcountfountainmountainshoutmouseow:cowtowelclownowlcrownbrownflowertoweroi:coinoilpointnoiseboilsoilpoisoncoiloy:oysterboycowboysoytoyau:augustsausesausagenaughtyautumnapplauseaw:pawdrawsawstrawstrawberrylawnoo:moonzooroofroosterbootsfoodspoonroomcoolfoolboomfoolishoo:bookcookgoodfootlookhookea:headsweatersweatpearleadbearleatherfeather,双元音,1,：,ouowoioyauawooooea,ch:beachlunchcheesebenchchurchchickenchaircherrysh:sheepshirtshipfishdishpushshoesshovelwh:whalewhitewheelwheatwhipwhistlewheelchairwhisperph:photoelephanttelephonetrophypharmacyalphabetth:brotherfeatherleatherfathermotherth:thumbthreebathmatthirstythiefbathmouthteethkn:knobkneeknifeknockknitwr:wristwrinklewrapwreathwritemb:thumblambbombcombcrumbnumb,双辅音：,chshwhphththknwr,bl:blueblackblousebloombleachblanketblondehairfl:flatfluflyflameflutefloorflagflowerpl:planeplayplusplanetplatformplumplateplantcl:clockcloudcleanclayclimbcloseclapclowngl:gloveglobeglassglueglassesgliderbr:brightbrookbrimbridebrownbreadbrickbrothercr:crowncrabcreamcrowcrayoncrocodilecrycroissantgr:graygreengrassgrapesgroundgrowgrandmapr:prixepriceprawnpressprinceprincessprayfr:frogfrostFridayFrenchfriesfruitfrontfriendframetr:tractortrucktraintraytreetriangletrunktrolleydr:dreamdrumdrydropdrawdrivedressdrink,双辅音：,blflplclglbrcrgrprfrtrdr,sm:smilesmallsmellsmokesmoothsn:snowmansnowsnoresnakesnailsneakerssneakerssnacksl:slowslapsleepslideslopesledsw:switchswallowswanswimsweetswingsweatersweatsp:spiderspaceshipspinachspoonspellst:stockingsstorestarstampstormstickstudentstandsc:scarfscooterscannerscarecrowscalescorpionscoopsk:skunkskisskirtskatesall:calltallfallballwallew:dewfewviewhewnewnephewnewspaperYy:skyflydryspytypeshycrymyYy:Minysunnypuppydizzydirtyponyhappybaby,双辅音或三辅音：,smsnslswspstscskallewy,单音节词，以元音结尾，,这个元音发字母音如：,me,hi,go,等等,ar(car),ay(hay,may,say),igh(high,night,might),ew(new),er(sister,brother),ur(burn,hurt),ir(girl,fir,firm),or(horn),eigh(eight),oi(oil,boil),oy(boy),ow,等有其特别的发音,c,和,k,在一起时，,发一个音,:quick,black,等,.,特殊读法,Irregular:,Phonemic Awareness,1,、,Hear and say!(,单词无论长、短，难、易！,),2,、,Rhyme,！,3,、,Syllable clap!,专家举例,4,、,Segmenting!,5,、,Blending!,6,、,Alliteration!,7,、,Letter Blending!,8,、,Sound Substitution!,9,、,Tap it out!(Dictation),自然拼读法教学的几种形式和组织技巧,1,、顺口溜,Tonguetwister,：,（,例：,Abigblackbearsatonabigblackbug.,）,2,、,Chant,（,歌谣举例,）,3,、绘本故事（,故事举例,）,创编故事,4,、游戏,顺口溜,Tonguetwister1.Abigblackbearsatonabigblackbug.2.Abigblackbugbitabigblackdogonhisbigblacknose!3.Cat,Cat,catchthatfatrat.4.Afatcatcatchesamadrat.5.Bluegluegun,greengluegun.6.Blackbackground,brownbackground.7.Anoisynoiseannoysanoyster.8.Agoodcookcancookgoodcookies.9.AtnoonItookagoodbook,，,andsatbythepoolinthewood.Isoontookoffmyboot.Andputmyfootinthepool.Oh!Howcool,howcool.10.Thehunterandhishugehorsehidebehindinhouse.,自然拼读法教学需要遵循的理念,Whole Language,先见林，后见树,Sight Words,Phonics,Sight words,、,phonics,、,reading,如何与我们的教学整合,a and away big can come funny,go help here it is jump little,my play I the to you blue,down find for in look make me,not one red run said see,Three two up we where yellow,Dolch sight word level 1,all am ate are but did do,eat four get have like must no,new now please say so soon this,that want what who yes at be,black brown came good he into on,out our pretty ran ride saw she,there they too under was well went white with,Dolch sight word level 2,an as ask could fly give her,how just know let live may of,put take thank then think walk after,again any by every form old going had has him his once open over round some stop them were when,Dolch sight words level 3,always around because been before best both call,cold does dont fast,first goes its off,many made pull very,why upon buy found,gave green or read,right sleep sing sit,these those tell their,us wash which wish,Work would write your,Dolch sight words level 4,about better bring clean cut done draw drink far full grow hurt laugh myself never own pick shall show start together carry eight fall got hold hot if keep kind light long much nine only seven six small ten today try warm,Dolch sight word level 5,一、,Sight words,学习进度：,每节课,5,分钟,sight words,时间。,每节课学习,五个,（对于高年级学生都是认识的单词，只是巩固操练。）,每周,4,节课，可巩固,20,个。,220,个,Sight words,大约需要,11,周，即三个月内时间。,如何将,Sight words,和,Phonics,的学习纳入到日常教学中去？（针对五六年级）,低年级可以慢慢来，一学期或一学年一个级别，每个级别大约,40,到,50,个左右。也可以根据教材中出现顺序来教。,二、,Sight words,学习要点1,、记忆规律：,听,6,次，说,8,次，读,6,次，写,4,次，用,2,次,。,2,、放在在课前热身环节，利用单词卡片、多种游戏、竞赛、练习等形式灵活有趣地进行。,3,、坚持每节课将所有学过的,重复、循环,复习。,4,、,See and Say.,绝不翻译，词不离句，每一个词配上一个典型应用的句子。还要让学生举一反三造句子。,如：,I see a,图片,.,教具示范,如何将,Sight words,和,Phonics,的学习纳入到日常教学中去？（针对五六年级,三、,Phonics,学习进度：,1,、,每节课,5,分钟学习,Phonics.,2,、每节课,1,、,2,个字母，可学几个复习一次，可打乱顺序，依据对比原则或相似原则，,16,节课学完,26,个字母的发音，约,4,周。每学完一个字母，课下都要在学过的所有字母表里找含有这个字母的单词，系统的复习巩固一遍小学单词表。,3,、,More Vowel Rules,双元音用,7,课时学完。,4,、,Letter Blends,每节课练习,4-5,个，用,16,课时学完。,Phonics,约,10,周，三个月内学完。,如何将,Sight words,和,Phonics,的学习纳入到日常教学中去？（针对五六年级）,四、,Phonics,学习要点：,1,、绝对不讲音标。只学习字母与声音的关系。建立起学生对音素的敏感性，即培养音素意识。2,、采用多种语音游戏进行练习，如同文字游戏一样让学生乐在其中。,（举例示范）,多尝试让学生见字能读，听词能写。,3,、,Phonics,的学习离不开大量的泛读做基础，这个泛读一是指大量的原版书阅读，绘本和分级都需要，只有多学科的增大孩子的英文阅读量，才能更加丰富孩子的阅读视野，这是孩子学习,Phonics,千万不能舍本求末的基础。,4,、学习,Phonics,需要长期坚持，不能一蹴而就，要贯穿在平常教学中不断强化拼读技能。,如何将,Sight words,和,Phonics,的学习纳入到日常教学中去？（针对五六年级）,每节课,5,分钟学习,sight words,导入。,每节课,5,分钟学习,Phonics.,每节课主教材教学,25,分钟。按全语言理念创造性备课。,每节课阅读推荐与分享展示课外阅读,5,分钟。（可循序渐进得开展）,小结：,Read to learn,的目标,是我们每一个英语教育者应该有大视野。,Thank you!,