专八翻译题要点解析.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,从英语专八翻译真题里学英语,得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道,1,一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里,2,，我顿感打入冷宫,3,，十分郁郁不得志起来,4,。一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放,5,，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢,6,。我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片繁华,7,，自己的哥姐、堂表弟兄,8,，也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋,9,。一霎时，一阵被人摒弃，为世所遗的悲愤兜上心头,10,，禁不住痛哭起来。,本文中有相当多的四字词组，比如“横行霸道、打入冷宫、百花怒放、宾客云集、笑语四溢、大千世界”，其中一部分带有鲜明的中国文化特色，对它们的翻译构成了第一个难点，请参看翻译要点评析。另外，本文由四句构成，可每一句都包含至少四个分层，如何正确的组句构成了第二个难点，请注意对比原文与参考译文，看连接方式。,1,参考译文,Before I fell ill,my parents doted on me a lot.I could have my way at home.Once I was isolated and confined in a chamber on the hillside of the garden,I suddenly felt I was neglected and became very depressed.One spring evening,my parents held a Banquet in the garden,where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom.In no time,a crowd of their guests collected and laughter was heard all over there.I,without being noticed,lifted the curtain in my small room,only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden,and my elder sisters,brothers and my cousins,each full of the joys of spring,were shuttling among the guests.Quickly enough,I was thrown into a fist of sorrowful anger at being forgotten and discarded by the rest and could not help crying my heart outBefore I was taken ill,I had been a spoiled child of my parents,getting things my way in the family.Once isolated and confined to a small house on the slope of a garden,I suddenly found myself in disfavor and my wings clipped.One spring evening,with myriads of flowers in full bloom in the garden,my parents held a garden party in honor of many guests,whose arrival at once filled the place with laughing chats.In the small house on the slope,I quietly lifted the curtain,only to be met by a great and prosperous world with my elder brothers and sisters and my cousins among the guests,all in jubilation.All at once,seized by a fit of forlorn rage,I could not help bursting into tears.,2,翻译要点评析,1.“,横行霸道”在英语中有着许多表达方式，比如：,run amuck,like a tyrant,run wild,lord it over,gangsterism,gun law,play the bully,acting like an overlord,。它们主要与以下喻体有关：,lord,（统治者，君主，贵族），,tyrant,（暴君），,gangster,（歹徒，匪徒），,bully,（恃强凌弱）。根据上下文，（我）“在家中横行霸道”，用,lord,，,tyrant,，,gangster,等的比喻不合适，用,bully,的比喻合适，比如,play the bully at home,，还可以用,run wild,（变野蛮，放肆起来），用,run amuck,就太过分了，原文中的“我”还没有到“要杀人”的程度。,rioters running amuck in the streets.,暴徒杀气腾腾地跑在街道上,get ones way,自行其事,随心所欲,3,翻译要点评析,2.“,隔离”一般翻译为“,isolate;segregate”,，“隔离病人”为“,isolate the patient”,；“隔离审查”为“,take sb.into custody and put him under investigation”,；“种族隔离”为“,racial segregation”,。此处“我”生病隔离，选“,isolate”,。“拘禁”字面意思是“,take into custody;put under arrest;imprison;put in jail”,。此处父母并不是真的“囚禁”了我，用“拘禁”二字只是表明了作者当时那种委屈的心情，事实上应该是“局限在、关在”的意思，应译为“,be confined to;be kept in”,。,4,翻译要点评析,3.打入冷宫”中的“冷宫”：戏曲、旧小说中指君主安置失宠的后妃的地方，现在比喻存放不用的东西的地方。在此，“打入冷宫”指失宠（,fall into disfavor,），或受冷遇（,to be in disfavor,），可以意译为“,loss of favour,，,out of favor,，,in disfavor,，,fall into disgrace,，,be neglected”,等。切忌照字面翻译为“,cold palace”,，或者罗里罗嗦的用“拼音,+,加注”的方法来翻译，或者按汉语思维方式用比喻译为“,like a deserted wife”,等。,5,翻译要点评析,4郁郁不得志”中的“郁郁”形容忧伤苦闷，“不得志”指失意、失落，可以翻译为“,be in dismay;be in a dismal mood;be in low spirits;feel sad and gloomy;feel depressed;become melancholy”,等。,6,翻译要点评析,5.“,百花怒放”中的“怒”字切忌照字面翻译为愤怒，比如“,a hundred of flowers angrily(infuriately,violently)opened”,。“怒放”指（花朵）盛开，有时也用来形容心情非常高兴或愉快，比如心花怒放，此处指盛开，可翻译为“,in full bloom”,。“百花怒放”作为成语可翻译为“,Hundreds of flowers are blooming in profusion.”,。,7,翻译要点评析,6.“,宾客云集”、“宾客如云”、“宾客盈门”都形容来客很多，如聚积的云层，如同充满了家门，切忌依照汉语思维，照字面翻译为“,The guests gathered like cloud”,，翻译出“多”的意思就可以了。“笑语四溢”中的“笑语”指谈笑、玩笑的话（,cheerful talk,）；“四溢”指四散飘溢（,waft,），因此，“笑语四溢”可翻译为“,Their cheerful talks wafted through in the air.”,。,8,翻译要点评析,7.“,大千世界”原为佛教用语，世界的千倍叫小千世界，小千世界的千倍叫中千世界，中千世界的千倍叫大千世界。后来用来指广阔无边的世界。“大千世界”的字面义在英语中没有对应的，其比喻是可译的。“大千世界”的译文必须考虑与上下文中“（我在山坡的）小屋（里）”的“小屋”对比关系，即“大千”与“小屋”的对比关系。试译如下：,In my,little house,on the slope,I quietly lifted the curtain to be met by,a great and prosperous world,with my elder brothers and sisters,and my cousins among the guests,all in jubilation,。,jubil=shout of joy,（欢呼）,jubilation,欢庆，欢腾,jubilant,欢快的,.,9,翻译要点评析,8.,原文中“哥姐”、“堂表弟兄”要传达的信息与性别、长幼、父方还有母方等语义成分不大，原文的意图是作者等将“同辈亲属”的“喜气洋洋”与自己“郁郁不得志”之间的对比。原文的意图决定了译文的选择。因此，“哥姐”在这里译成“,elder brothers and sisters”,，“堂表弟兄”译成“,cousins”,反而在语用上得体。,10,翻译要点评析,9.“,穿插其间”不能照字面翻译为“,penetrate and insert in it”,。它的一般译法“,alternate;do in turn;interweave;episode”,显然也不合适。此处，“穿插其间”指（我的哥姐等）在宾客中间走过来、跑过去，根据上下文它强调的应该是他们在宾客中间而“我”不在，被，所以用一个介词“,among”,足以。,shuttling,11,翻译要点评析,10.,汉语中表示情感的量词，主要用“股”和“阵”，英语中有相应的表达，例如：,a cloud of grief(suspicion),a fit(flood,gush,storm,thrill,wave)of anger,。“一阵,悲愤”的“一阵”可以在其中选择。可是大多数时候，一套、一阵、一片等数量词语只是用来帮助形成四字词组而已，翻译时完全可以省略。,比如：（,1,）你知道他们的那一套说法。,You know their argument,。（,2,）房间里爆发出一阵大笑。,The room exploded with laughter,。（,3,）观众中响起一片掌声。,Spectators break into applause,。因此，原文中“一阵,悲愤”的“一阵”也可以省略不译。,12,