高考英语动词时态语态复习课件-.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Everyday English,3.,事实胜于雄辩。,Actions speak louder than words,.,4.,有个好习惯，事事皆不难。,Custom makes all things easy.,Everyday English,5.,物以类聚，人以群分。,Bird,s,of a feather flock together.,flk,vi.,聚集,English Basic Tenses,(,时态,),他,每天,都来。,他,昨天,来了,.,他,已经,来了,.,他,明天,来,.,汉语借助,词汇手段,而非词的形态变化来表示动作的发生,而英语主要通过,谓语动词时态变化,来表现,.,任何句子都要先注意,时态,.,He,came,yesterday.,He,has come,.,He,will come,tomorrow.,He,comes,every day.,语态,时态,主动,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,.,过去将来时,现在完成时,过去完成时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成进行时,v./,v-,s/es,V-ed,will+v,would+v.,had+done,have/has+done,have/has been+V-,ing,am/is/are+V-,ing,was/were+V-,ing,导入之一：,How is your daily life as a high school student?,(using 3 sentences or more,使用实意动词,和系动词,注意动词形式变化,),2.,用法,:,1),经常性或习惯性的动作,，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如,often,usually,always,every day/year,sometimes,on Sunday,等。2),表示不受时间限制的,科学事实或客观真理,。,The earth,moves,around the sun.,I,study hard,every day and I,get,along well with my classmates,but sometimes I,miss,my families.,一、一般现在时,(The Simple Present tense),1.,结构,:do/does,3,）汽车、飞机、会议等按,时刻表,将要发生的事。,The train,leaves,at three,this afternoon,.,The meeting,starts,at 2:00 p.m.,4,）在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时,即,主将从现,。,If it,_(be),fine tomorrow,we _(go)to the countryside.,If he _ (come)this afternoon,，,we_(have)a meeting.,is,will go,comes,will have,Being too anxious to help an event develop often,40,(result)in the contrary to our intention.,(08,广东）,results,Example:I _(spend)my childhood happily with my old friends.We always _(play)football and basketball together and we _(not)have so much homework to do as now.We _(be)happy at that time.,spent,played,didnt,were,导入之二：,How did you spend your childhood?,二、一般过去时,(The Simple Past Tense),1.,结构,:,谓动用动词过去式,(V-ed),2.用法,:,在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。,常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用。如,yesterday,last week,an hour ago,in 1982,等。,1.-Look!Someone has spilt,（溢出）,coffee on the carpet,（地毯）,.,-Well,it _ me.,A.isnt B.wasnt,C.hasnt been D.hadnt been,2.He,19,(pretend)that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.,(11,广东）,B,pretended,一般过去时,表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态,3.,用一般过去时表示,过去经常发生的动作,(,也可用,“used to,do”或,“would do”,代替,)。,During the vacation I often,swam,/,would swim,/,used to swim,in the sea.,假期期间我常在大海里游泳。,I used to smoke.,我曾经吸烟。,注意：,used to,表示,过去常发生而现在不再发生,的动作或存在的状态。,would,注重,过去习惯性发生,的动作。,犹如,picture,导入之三：,How will you spend your National holiday?,I will,Im going to,三,.,一般将来时,.,表示将来时的四种形式,will/shall+,动词原形,be going to do,be about to do,be to do,be going to,有很强的,计划性,，打算干什么，而,will,表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有,临时性和偶然性,。,-The telephone is ringing.,-I _ answer it.,will B.am going to C.am to D.am about to,-Alice,why didnt you come yesterday?,-I _,but I had an unexpected visitor.,A.had B.would C.was going to D.did,be going to,可用来表达,某种迹象要发生,的事。而,will,不能表示,Look at the clouds!It _ rain.,is going to,3.,be to,表示因约定、计划，职责、义务要求即将发生的动作,或,客观,安排或受人指示而做某事。,be going to,表示主观的打算或计划。,I,am to play,football tomorrow afternoon.,I,m going to play,football tomorrow afternoon.,4,be about to do,表示,“,正要干什么,”,，,1),表示即将发生的动作，,不与表示将来的时间状语连用,。,2),常与,when,连用，,when,此时意思：就在这时，是并列连词,.,3),构成句型：,be about to do,when,.,was/were doing,when,be on the,piont,of doing,when,had just done,sth,when,Eg,:I,was about to,leave,when,it rained.,四,.,过去将来时,(The past future simple Tense),1.,用法,:,过去将来时表示,立足于过去,某一时间,看将要发生的动作,或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句中,.,2.,结构,:,should/would+,动词原形,The boy promised he,would work,hard.,I told my parents,I,should return,early.,导入之五：,What,are,they,doing,now?,They,are having,a class.,五,.,现在进行时,1,表示,说话时正在进行,而,尚未完成,的动作或状态,I dont really work here.I,m helping,until the new secretary comes.,Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_ so rapidly.,A.will have changed B.has changed,C.is changing D.will change,be(am,are,is)+doing,2.,与,always,，,constantly(,不断地；时常地,),等连用，表示赞成或厌恶的感情色彩。如：,他总是帮助别人。,3.,“,系动词介词或副词,”,也表示进行时的意义。,桥梁正在建设中。,He,is always helping,others.,The bridge,is under construction,.,=is being constructed/,bulit,The problem,is under discussion,.,=is being discussed,六,.,过去进行时,(The Past Continuous Tense),1.,结构：,was/were+doing,2.,用法,:,表示,过去某时或某段时间正在进行的动作或状态,。,常用的时间状语,at ten yesterday,from nine to ten last evening,when,while,at that time,I first met Lisa three years ago.She _ at a radio shop at the time.,has worked B.was working,C.had been working D.had worked,3.,与,always,，,forever,，,constantly,连用，表示赞成或厌恶的感情色彩。如：,他总是考虑别人，从未考虑自己。,He,was always thinking of,others,，,never,thinking of,himself.,My brother,was always losing,his key.,七,现在完成时,(The present Perfect Tense),1.,结构,:,have(has)+done,2.,用法,:,1).,现在完成时表示过去某一时间开始，一直延,续到现在的动作或状态,通常用于延续性动词,.,常与表示延续性的时间状语连用,如,:so far,up to now,recently,since,for,over time,等,I,have lived,in,Zhuhai,for 3 years.,He,has lived,here,since,last summer,.,时间线,现在,过去,lived,延续到现在,:has lived,last summer,since,1.-When did he go to America?,-Oh,he _ there since half a year ago.,A.went B.has been C.has gone D.was,2.Shelly _ California for Texas and _ there ever since.You can go and pay her a visit on your way to Mexico.,A.left,worked B.has left,had worked,C.left,has worked D.has left,worked,比较一般过去时与现在完成时,1).,一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态,不涉及对现在的影响,；现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作或状态,一直延续到现在,或强调过去的事情对现在的造成的影响,。,My family,lived in,Zhuhai,10 years ago,.,（现在不在珠海了,),My family,have lived in,Zhuhai,for 10 years,.,(,目前还在珠海,),2).,过去时常,与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用,，而现在完成时通常与,不确定的,或,包括现在在内,的时间状语连用，或无时间状语,.,I _(study)in,Zhongshan,university in 2000.,I _(study)in,Zhongshan,university since 2000.,I _ just _(buy)an apartment.,(,just,表示不确定的时间状语,）,studied,have studied,have,bought,注意：,非延续性动词不能与表示延续时间的状语,(since;for),连用。但其否定形式则可以。,1)They have married for ten years.,2)I have received his letter a month ago.3)I havent received his letter for a month.,F,F,T,have been married,They got married ten years ago.,我已收到他的信一个月了。,I have received his letter for a month.(),请改用三个正确的表达法,:,1._,2._,3._,I,have kept,his letter,for a month,.,It is a month,since,I,received,his letter.,I,received,his letter,a month ago,.,八,.,过去完成时,(The past perfect Tense),结构,:,haddone,概念：表示过去的过去,-|-|-|-,过去的过去,过去现在将来,导入之八,：,You graduated(,毕业,)from Junior Middle School in July 2009.You,had stayed,there for 3 years,when you graduated,.,By the end of last te,r,m,we,had learnt,20 units.,现在,过去,过去的过去,the end of,last te,r,m,had learnt,时间线,用法,(1),表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。句中常用,by,，,before,，,until,，,when,等词引导的时间状语。如：,2,.,表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算,(“,本想”,;“,本来打算”,),。,I,had hoped,to see more of,ShangHai,.,I,had meant,to help you,but I was too busy at the moment.,I,had thought,you would come tomorrow.,3,、常用于下列句型中：,1),Hardly/No sooner(,过去完成时,)when/than,（一般过去时）。,2),It/This/That was the time that从句用过去完成时,),。,3),It was+,一段时间,+since(,从句用过去完成时,),。,1).When the police arrived,the thieves _(run away).,2).When I came into the classroom,my dear students _(begin)reading,.,He walked in as if he,_,_(buy)the school,.(12,广东）,had run away,had run away,had run away,had begun,had bought,3.I _ to take a good holiday this year,but I wasnt able to get away.,A.hope B.have hoped,C.had hoped D.hoped,4.Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home.,A.has left;comes B.left;had come,C.had left;came D.had left;would come,c,c,导入之九：,-How long,have,you,been,studying,in this school?,-Almost two and a half years.,九、现在完成进行时,主语,+,has/have+been+doing,.,表示过去某一时间发生,一直持续到现在,还会,继续,下去的动作（动作未完成），动词,必须用,延续性,动词,。,He,has been working,here for three years.,The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities,has been rising,steadily since 1990.,-Isnt it hard to drive downtown to workYes,that why I _to work by train.,A.have been going B.have gone,C.was going D.will have gone,现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别,现在完成时,:,表到现在为止,已经完成,，或过去发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果，也可表示延续性；,现在完成进行时,:,往往强调,仍将继续,下去的动作。,I have written a letter.,（已完成）,I,have been writing,a letter.,（未完成）,过去,现在,时间线,have written,have been writing,Exercises,I usually _ up at 6:00,but yesterday I _ up at 7:00 and tomorrow I _ up at 6:30.(get),Listen!Someone _(knock)at the door.,I _(be)in Beijing for two years.,How often _ Andy _(surf)the internet?,He fell asleep while he _(read)a book.,group competition,get,will get,got,is knocking,have been,does,surf,was reading,6.I _ never _(hear)of that man before.,7.My brother often _(go)for walks last summer.,8.Lily said she _(put)on the new dress the next day.,9._ the story _(happen)in London in 1949?,10.What _ his mother _(do)when he opened the door?,have,heard,went,would put,Did,happen,was,doing,11.If it _(not rain)tomorrow,they _(go)fishing.,12._ your mother _ the piano every Sunday?,13.They _(not)call you the day after tomorrow.,14.Tom _(work)there since two years ago.,15.By the time I _(walk)into the classroom,the teacher _(start)teaching.,doesnt rain,will go,Does,has worked,wont,walked,had started,play,Jenny,Jenny _(be)a foreign girl.She _(come)from the United States.Look,she _(draw)pictures in the living room.,Two years ago,her parents _(move)to China.Jenny _(not have)any friends,so she _(feel)lonely.But now,she _(have)many Chinese friends and _(study)with them everyday.Jenny _(visit)her grandparents in the United States next month.,is,comes,is drawing,moved,didnt have,felt,has,studies,will visit,One good turn deserves another,I _(have)dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in.Tony _(work)in a lawyers office years ago,but he _(work)at a bank now.He _(get)a good salary,but he always _(borrow)money from his friends and never _(pay)it back.Tony _(see)me and _(come)and _(sit)at the same table.He _ never _(borrow)money from me.While he _(eat),I _(ask)him to lend me twenty pounds.To my surprise,he _(give)me the money immediately.I have never borrowed any money from youTony said,so now you can pay for my dinner!,was having,worked,is working,asked,saw,came,has,sat,gave,was eating,borrows,gets,pays,borrowed,动词的语态,(voice),动词的语态,语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；,主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。,We watched,a film,last night.,I drink,milk,everyday.,A film,_.,Milk,_.,Summary(,总结,):is/was+done(,p.p,),P,resent/past simple(,一般现在,/,过去时,),was watched by us last night,is drunk by me everyday,Will/would be done,新电脑下周将投入使用。,The new computers will be used next week.,妈妈告诉我我的自行车明天去修。,My mother told me that my bike would be repaired the next day.,P,resent/past future(,一般将来时,/,过去将来时,),am/is/are being done,was/were being done,中国国家大剧院正在建设当中。,The National Opera Building is being built at present.,P,resent/past progressive(,现在进行时,/,过去进行时,),has/have been done,had been done,这个问题已经得到了圆满的解决。,The problem has been well solved.,昨天晚上我到超市的时候，牛奶已经卖完了。,The milk had been sold when I got to the supermarket last night.,P,resent/past perfect(,现在完成时,/,过去完成时,),不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态,比较：,rise,是不及物动词；,raise,是及物动词。,The price has been risen.,The price has risen.,The price has raised.,The price has been raised.,The accident was happened last week.,The accident happened last week.,(,错,),(,对,),(,错,),(,对,),(,错,),(,对,),要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。,一般现在时,:be(am/are/is)+p.p.(,过去分词,),一般过去时,:,be(was,/were)+p.p.,一般将来时,:will be+p.p.,过去将来时,:would be+p.p.,现在进行时,:be(am/are/is)+being+p.p.,过去进行时,:,be(was,/were)+being+p.p.,现在完成时,:have/has+been+p.p.,过去完成时,:had+been+p.p.,高中英语教学大纳中要求掌握的只有八种：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时，过去将来时,。,另外现在完成进行时，过去完成进行时和将来完成时也比较常用,。,动词时态和语态,时态 主动 被动,一般现在时,do,be(am/are/is)+done,一般过去时,did,be(was,/were)+done,一般将来时,Will do,will be+done,过去将来时,Would do,would be+done,现在进行,be(am/are/,is)+doing,be(am/are/is)+being+done,过去进行时,be(was,/were)+doing,be(was,/were)+being+done,现在完成时,have/has+been+doing,have/has+been+done,过去完成时,had+been+doing,had+been+done,Challenge yourself!,1,、对於这个问题，关注很少。,Little attention,was paid,to this problem.,2,、课堂上应该鼓励小组讨论。,Group discussion,should be encouraged,in class.,3,、据报导，这里将修建一条新的马路。,It is reported that a new road,will be built,here,.,4,、必须采取措施来防止河流受到污染。,Measures,should be taken,to stop the river from being polluted.,动词时态的一些典型用法,1.,在条件状语从句、时间状语从句、让步状语从句中，,主将从现,。,The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager,as soon as she arrives.,Can I join your club,Dad?,You can when you get a bit older.,Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.,He will work wherever he is wanted.,2.,语境中的过去时，往往表示“刚才，刚刚”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样,”。,Come on in,Peter.I want to show you something.,Oh,how nice of you!I never thought you were going to bring me a gift.,Your phone number again?I didnt quite catch it.,Nancy is not coming tonight.,But she promised!,3.,用一般过去时表示过去经常发生的动作,(,也可用,“used to,do”或,“would do”,代替,)。,During the vacation I often swam/would swim in the sea.,I used to smoke.,4.,表示愿望、打算一类的词，如：hope,expect,mean,intend,want,think,suppose等，其过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图,。,I had hoped to see more of,ShangHai,.,I had meant to help you,but I was too busy at the moment.,I had thought you would come tomorrow.,5.,某些固定句式中的动词时态是固定的、约定俗成的,。,It/,This is the first time I have come here.,It was the third time(that)he had made the same mistake.,It is/has been,two months since I gave up smoking.,It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.,I was about to go out when the telephone rang.,They were reading when Tom shouted in pain.,Hardly(No sooner)had I got home when(than)the rain poured down.,It+be+,一段时间,+before,从句,It wont be long before he succeeds.,(=He will succeed,soom,.),It was ten years before they met again.,(=They met again ten years later.),高考对于进行体的常考点,一个长动作作为背景，被一个短动作打断，长动作往往用进行体，短动作用一般体。如,：,My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.,The students were writing busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she had left in the office.,Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking.,As she was reading the newspaper,Granny fell asleep.,The reporter said that the UFO was traveling east to west when he saw it.,表示动作的未完性、暂时性。如,：,Have you moved into the new house?,Not yet.The rooms are being painted.,I dont really work here;I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.,Shirley was writing a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.,Selecting a mobile phone for a personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.,表示计划、安排要做的事。如,：,Ive won a holiday for two days to Florida.I am taking my mum.,What were you doing when Tony phoned you?,I had just finished my work and was starting to take a shower.,表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况,。,I dont think Jim saw me;he was just staring into space.,I first met Lisa 3 years ago.She was working at a radio shop at the time.,Is this raincoat yours?,No,mine is hanging there behind the door.,Hey,look where you are going!,Oh,Im terribly sorry,I wasnt noticing.,主动和被动,一、get+,过去分词可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化,。,She got married last week.,The patient got treated once a week.,He fell off the car and got killed.,be seated,/,be hidden,He is seated on a bench.,（He seats himself on a bench.）,He was hidden behind the door.,(He hid himself behind the door.),be lost,/,be drunk,/,be dressed,(in),二、,主动形式表被动意义,1,.,系动词look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become,fall,get,grow,keep+,形容词/名词,构成系表结构,。,The steel feels cold.,His plan proved(to be)practical.,It has gone bad.,2,.,表示开始、结束、运动的动词。如,:,begin,finish,st