InauguralAddress课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Inaugural Address,John F.Kennedy,Kennedy,35th president,Democrat,John Fitzgerald Kennedy,35,th,President:John F.Kennedy(JFK),35,th,president,(January 20,1961,November 22,1963),Cuban Missile Crisis,African American,Civil Rights movement,1.,Born in Massachusetts,2.35th,President of the U.S.(,1961-1963,),3.A democrat,an eloquent speaker,4.The,youngest man ever elected to the,presidency,5,.,A Catholic,6.Civil Rights problem at home,7.Cuba crisis of 1962,8.Love affairs with,Marilyn Monroe,8.,Assassinated,at Dallas in November 1963.,John Fitzgerald Kennedy,On January 20 since 1937,On April 30,1789,George Washington stepped onto a balcony of Federal Hall in New York City,placed his hand on a Bible and swore to preserve,protest and defend the constitution of the United States.,Inauguration Day,Purpose of,to persuade,to explain,to convince people,to accept his point of view,speech,/O,ration,speech,/O,ration,Characteristics,highly persuasive and convincing,eloquent:forceful expressions,structure,words with abstract meaning,emotional:language to arouse sympathy,hatred and passion,Antithesis:,end,-the end of Eisenhowers presidential term,beginningthe beginning of Kennedys presidential term,renewal,-the continuation of presidency and office of president,change,-the change from Eisenhower to Kennedy,Detailed study of the text,importance/significance of his election as president of the US,Para.1 opening paragraph,revolutionary belief-human rights,All men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them.,at issue-undecided,in dispute,The point at issue is whether you are willing to go abroad or not.,That is not the point at issue.,Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unreliable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them.But today this belief is still not accepted in many countries around the world.,The general situation of this world,In what way is the world different?,The world is different in the way of science and technology.People have modern and advanced science and technology.,Para.2,General policy of the US,Human rights,Para.3,survival and the success of liberty,1.the survival and the success of free democratic countries.,2.the newly independent third world countries,This much we pledgeand more.,We promise to do this much and we promise to do more.,A transition from general to specific.,In the following paragraphs,he will be talking about different specific groups of nations.,Para 5.transition,United,there is little,antithesis,United we can do everything.,Divided we can do nothing.,-the importance of unity,At odds,In disagreement;quarrelling,Hes always at odds with his father over politics.,This action is greatly,at,odds,with his previous attitude.,这一行动与他以往的态度大相径庭。,United there is ventures.,-United and working together,we can accomplish a lot of things in a great number of joint bold undertakings.,We dare not split asunder.,-If we are quarreling and split apart,we can not compete with the strong,powerful enemy in front of us.,the specific policy toward his friends and would-be friends,Para.6,Whom did he address?,-some newly independent countries,Para.7,ranks of the free,-the community of free and independent nations,a far more iron tyranny,-a communist dictatorship,In the past,those who foolishlyended up inside.,It is dangerous to ride the back of the tiger.If you do so,you will be swallowed up by the tiger.,You will lose your power and independence.,-Those countries which foolishly seek the aid of socialist countries will end up by losing their independence as many other countries did in the past.,Metaphor,Para.7,He promises to aid(support)the newly independent countries so that they can remain free and independent.,half the globe-,the continents of Africa and Asia constitute taking up almost one half of the land surface of the globe.,bonds-chains,fetters(pl),help them help themselves,We pledge to help them on condition that they do their best and do what we ask them to do.,If a free society cannotwho are rich.,Antithesis,If the poor is continuously exploited and oppressed,they will rise up against and overthrow the free society.,He is speaking to Latin American countries.,Usually the US regards the Latin American countries as the backyard of the US,for it has special interest in these countries.,Para.9,sister-,careful choice of word,implying equal relationship,one family,mutual good relations,a new alliance for progress-,Work together as allies to promote progress in this hemisphere,prey-metaphor,metaphor:,peaceful revolution to an animal which might fall victim to enemy nations.,-We will not allow any enemy country to subvert this peaceful revolution which brings hope of progress to all our countries.,Para.9,1.He offered special pledge that all Latin American countries to work together to make progress.,2.He warned the enemies not to interfere in the internal affairs of these countries,because we are master of this hemisphere.,The United Nations,instruments of peace.,The UN is our last and best hope of survival in a world where the instruments of war have far surpassed and exceeded the instruments of peace.,-to prevent the UN from becoming an assembly where people just criticize,insult and abuse each other,-to strengthen the power of UN to protect the newly independent and weak nations,-to enlarge the area in which its authority and mandate would continue to be in effect or in force,make themselves our adversary-clever choice of words,This phrase throws the blame for confrontation and world tension on the other party.,The US has done nothing to create enemies.Its the other side that is challenging the US.,Before the dark powers self-destruction.,Before the terrible forces of destruction,which atomic bombs can now release,overwhelm mankind;before this self-destruction,which may be planned or brought about by an accident,takes place.,Para.11,He is speaking to the enemies,especially the Soviet Union.,point out danger,danger-self destruction(the Third World War),Advanced weapons will destroy the whole mankind,whether intentionally or accidentally,We dare not tempt them with weakness.We must be very strong.If we are weak,they would attack us.We dare not be weak because it might tempt the enemy to take rash actions.,Point out position of strength,But neither can two final war.,Neither of the two camps headed respectively by the US and the Soviet Union will feel comfortable and happy with the way things are going now:cold war/hostile confrontation,Both sides are feeling the great financial burden of the arms race.,Both are made conscious of the gradual spread of the terrible atom bombs.,Both sides are trying to change this uncertain balance of this terrible military power which restrains/prevent each group from launching the Third World War.,Now,the balance of terrible weapons,though uncertain,stops the war that can wipe out mankind.But,Stay ones hand:restrain sb.from doing,I beg you to,stay,your,hand,in pity!,我请你高抬贵手吧。,To point out needs/situation(find no comfort in present situation),Sincerity is always subject to proof.,Subject to:,1)depending on,The plan is subject to the directors approval.,2),liable to sth.,常有,;,倾向某事物,:,The timetable is subject to alteration.,3)to sth/sb:under the authority of sth/sb:,We are subject to the law of the land.,-Ones sincerity must be proved by deeds.,Let both sides seek to invoke terrors.,-Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can dofor mankind instead of the frightful things it can do.Let both sides try to use science to produce good and beneficial things for man instead of employing it to bring frightful destruction.,Isaiah,(8th century BC)in the Jewish and Christian religions,a Hebrew,prophet,who said that God would send a,messiah,(,弥赛亚,;,救世主耶稣,)to save the Jews.,To point out co-operation/different proposals,Trying to find out specific fields in which we can agree with each other.,Para.14-18,1.control arms,2.use/develop science for peace purpose instead of the war purpose.,explore the stars,conquer the desert,eradicate disease,tap the ocean depths,encourage the art and commerce,3.enjoy human rights,What are the specific proposals?,And if a beachhead of let both sides join,-and if a little bit of cooperation can lessen the deep suspicion that exists on both sides,let us,Metaphor,Beachhead:a small beginning of cooperation,Jungle:deep and widespread suspicion,Para.19,point out purpose,objective,We must work together to make a new world order.,one hundred days-historical allusion,Famous period in American history,in President F.D.Roosevelts presidential term,During the famous“hundred days”(Mar.9-Jun.16,1933),Roosevelts administration rushed through congress a flood of anti-depression measures(more than 70 bills for approval),which were generally known as Roosevelts“New Deal”.“,新政”,Para.20 conclusion,Since the country was foundednational loyalty.,-since the founding of the country,Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country(by fighting and dying for their countrys cause).,He appeals to his fellow Americans to support him and to do everything they can,even to sacrifice their lives for their country.,Para.21,twilight struggle,-unclear,dubious struggle but which might become more dangerous with the passage of time;a struggle in which we see neither daylight or night,Tyranny,poverty,disease and cold wars are not bloody wars.,“rejoicing in hope,patient in tribulation”,biblical style,-to be happy when things look bright and hopeful,to be patient in distress/in trouble,-It is a call to face the challenge of the cold war which includes a fight against tyranny,poverty,disease,and war.This struggle will last a long time.We must be hopeful but also be patient when things go wrong.,Past-Many Americans died for their country.They showed their loyalty to their country.,Present-Now our generation is called upon to face the challenge of the cold war,to struggle against poverty and disease.,Para.21-22,freedom in its hour of maximum danger,We are in the greatest danger of losing freedom,He deliberately exaggerates the sense of urgency,Emphasizes the situation and responsibility,para.24,the energy;the faith the devotion=light,fire,glow,The energy,the faith and the devotion that the Americans bring to this task will inspire not only the United States and her people but also the whole world.,us-the president and members of his cabinet,you-people of the US and the world,-We demand you to show high standards of strength and sacrifice and we also want you to demand us to show the same high standards of strength and sacrifice.,Our reliable reward is only a good conscience.,History will finally judge whether we have done our task well or not.,With Gods blessing and help,let us start leading the country we love,knowing that on earth what we are doing is Gods work(which is just),Biblical style,with a good conscience.,Para.27 conclusion,General Analysis of the Text,Part I(paras 1-5),General introduction,with Para 5 transitional,Part II(paras 6-10),Explanation,Part III(paras 11-20),Policies,proposals,objectives,Part IV(paras 21-27),Conclusion,Part I,（,1-5,）,Introduction,with para5 as a transition,We shall pay any price,.,General Analysis of the text,Part II(6-10),His specific policy towards different groups:,1.the allies,2.the newly independent countries,3.the developing countries,4.the Latin American countries,5.the UN,Part III(11-20),His specific policy toward the enemy.,1.point out the danger,2.point out he position of strength,3.point out the situation and need.,Proposals:,1.control arms,2.use science for peace purpose,3.enjoy human rights,Objective,-to make a new world order,Part IV(21-27),conclusion,He calls on the Americans to support him and to sacrifice their lives for their country.He calls on the people of the whole world to unit and work for the freedom of men.,specific comment on the speech,very powerful and wonderful,appealing,well organized,highly rhetorical,Language features,1.highly rhetorical-parallelism,antithesis,metaphor,simile,metonymy,hyperbole,2.biblical-invoking the name of God,the use of biblical style,3.key abstract words:,faith,devotion,freedom,liberty,courage,loyalty,belief,Language features,4.the use of heroic-sounding verbs,explore,conquer,dare-which are inspiring and emotional.,5.more repetition in the structure of paras,which gives the address a certain rhythm.,Language features,fatal-It stresses,inevitability,and actual result of death,destruction and disaster,Many fatal diseases have been prevented by cleanliness and the proper medicine.,清洁的习惯和正当的使用药物，防止了许多致命的疾病。,This piece of news was fatal to his political future.,这则新闻毁了他的政治前途。,fatal,deadly mortal lethal,mortal-It implies that death has occurred or is,certain,to occur.,All men are mortal beings.,She suffered from a mortal disease.,fatal,deadly mortal lethal,deadly-It implies an extremely high degree of,probability,rather than a certainty of death,Both of the great and powerful groups of nations are alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom.,两个强大的国家都对致命的原子力量的不断扩展感到震惊。,fatal,deadly mortal lethal,lethal-It implies the existence of sth is the condition of the cause of death.,Cyanide sanad is a lethal poison.,氰化物是一种致死的毒素。,a weapon,凶器,fatal;,deadly;mortal;lethal,faithful-,It implies a firm and unswerving adherence to a person or thing to which one is united by some ties as marriage,friendship,honor,or allegiance.,指对婚姻，友谊，荣誉，或政治需要体现出忠心和忠诚。,Husband and wife should be faithful to each other.,faithful;loyal;constant;staunch;resolute,loyal-,It refers faithful to ones pledged word or to the country,the leader,the institution or the principle to which one feels oneself mortally bound.,指受良心，正义感的影响对祖国，团体，事业表现出的忠心忠诚,He is loyal to the revolutionary cause.,faithful;loyal;constant;staunch;resolute,constant-means unchanging faith to love or cause.,He has been constant in his devotion to scientific studies.,他坚毅地致力于科学研究。,She is constant to love.,她对爱情忠贞不渝。,faithful;loyal;constant;staunch;resolute,staunch-,indicates loyal or firm to political belief and religious belief,对宗教，政治信念表现出的毫不动摇的意志和决心,Mary is a staunch Christian.,He is a staunch supporter of his political party.,faithful;loyal;constant;staunch;resolute,resolute-,steadfastness and determination which cannot be broken,强调决心无法动摇,He was resolute in his decision to give up smoking.,The soldiers are resolute for victory.,faithful;loyal;constant;staunch;resolute,