考研英语题型.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,考研英语题型,Section I Use of English 完型填空 10,Section II Reading Comprehension 60,Part A 4 texts 40,Part B 新题型 10,Part C Translation 10,Section III Writing 30,Part A 应用文写作 10,Part B 短文写作 20,考研英语完型填空,主讲：郑书丽,研英语大纲之知识运用,共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。在一篇240280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。考生在答题卡1上作答。,对词汇的掌握提出了更加具体的要求，具体体现在对词汇的微观掌握和记忆上：词汇基本知识（词性、词形、本义和引申义等）；词际关系（同义词、反义词、词汇搭配等）；词汇“背景”（词根、词缀等）。,完型考试的测试点,阅读能力：,对文章整体的把握和理解（要读懂文章的主题；读出文章的导向或作者态度）；要读懂文章上下段、上下句之间的关系；还要读懂句子内部结构,英语知识运用的能力,：,语法,（占20%-30%）;习惯用语（占10%）；词义的辨析和使用（占60%-70%）,完型填空的误区,.很多同学认为完型填空就是语法词汇题,对语法：现在考试当中如果还考语法，就考定语从句或同位语从句，所以准备语法就准备从句：定语从句、同位语从句、状语从句,对词汇：不能只知其一不知其它；不能只知大概不知具体；不能只知认词不知辩词，不能只知词义不知使用。不能用中文的思维，替代英文词的词义。,完型填空的误区,.很多同学认为完型填空需要背诵大纲中的5500个单词,背单词的理念：通过真题记单词,背诵真题，把握真题的理念：以真题为圆心，以努力为半径画完美的考研备考的圆,完型填空的备考思路,背诵近十年真题，要求大家背诵每篇240-280字的文章,背诵近十年真题中的所有选项，选项基本上体现了完型填空考查的范围,（每个单词一定要知道对错的原因，知道每个单词的准确用法）,把握解题技巧与方法，没有解题技巧指导的考研完型是比较失败的考研完型,背大批量的词组,适当的做一些模拟试题,解题技巧与方法,.卷子发下来后，利用红花绿叶原则做题,红花词：某个单词在历年真题中每次出现都选,绿叶词：屡出现屡不选，屡不选屡出现,注意,两个问题：,1.红花绿叶原则能做对2-5个题,2.红花词偶尔会失手,解题技巧与方法,.明白A B C D选项的规律,A B C D 的个数都是4-6个之间，四个答案基本均匀分布,完型填空中一般而言A较多,没有连续三个答案都一样的情况，连续两个答案都一样的情况是0-3个，前后答案彼此都不一样的情况是17-20个,在五个一组的答案中，至少要出现三个字母（此规律同样适合阅读理解）,解题技巧与方法,.同义原则,在四个选项中，当两个或三个实词互为同义词时，答案往往在其中,当两个或三个虚词互为同义词时，往往都不选,当四个选项有一个共同的意思时，该意思往往不能够入选,1.无关词排除法（与主题相关原则）,The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases _31_the trial of Rosemary West.,In a significant _32_of legal controls over the press,Lord Irvine,the Lord Chancellor,will introduce a _33_bill that will propose making payments to witness _34_and will strictly control the amount of _35_that can be given to a case _36_a trial begins.,35.A)publicity B)penalty C)popularity D)peculiarity,2.同现结构法（与文章主题导向或倾向一致原则）,Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep,characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming,and longer periods of non-REM sleep._41_(答案为Neither)kind of sleep is at all well-understood,but REM sleep is _42_to serve some restorative function of the brain.The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more _43_.,43.A)subtle B)obvious,C)mysterious D)doubtful,3.复现结构法（与本题一致原则）,Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep,characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming,and longer periods of non-REM sleep._41_(答案为Neither)kind of sleep is at all well-understood,but REM sleep is 42_to serve some restorative function of the brain.The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more _43_.The new experiments,such as these _44_for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis,suggest fascinating explanations _45_of non-REM sleep.,43.A)subtle B)obvious,C)mysterious D)doubtful,3.复现结构法（与本题一致原则）,For example,it has long been known that total sleep _46_is 100 percent fatal to rats,yet,_47_examination of the dead bodies,the animals look completely normal.A researcher has now _48_the mystery of why the animals die.The rats _49_bacterial infections of the blood,_50_their immune systemsthe self-protecting mechanism against diseasehad crashed.,4.关联结构法,Companies _41_（答案为with）low accident rates plan their safety programs,work hard to organize them,and continue working to keep them _42_and active.,42.A)alive B)vivid,C)mobile D)diverse,5.时间线索定位法,It is generally recognized,_29_（答案为however）,that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century,_30_ by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s,radically changed the process.,30.A)brought B)followed,C)stimulated D)characterized,6.总分结构对照分析法,If no surplus is available,a farmer cannot be_47_.He must either sell some of his property or _48_（答案为seek）extra funds in form of loans.Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low _49_（答案为rate）of interest,but loans of this kind are not _50_ obtainable.,47.A)self-confident B)self-sufficient,C)self-satisfied D)self-restrained,7.对应成分分析法Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements usually carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and _45_nitrogen.,45.A)mostly B)partially,C)sometimes D)rarely,7.对应成分分析法,Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements usually carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and _45_nitrogen.They are different 46_their students are arranged differently.,46.A)in that B)so that,C)such that D)except that,8.逻辑关系定位法,The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases _31_the trial of Rosemary West.,31.A)as to B)for instance,C)in particular D)such as,8.逻辑关系定位法,_,46_,inaccurate or indefinite words may make _47_ difficult for the listener to understand the _48_which is being transmitted to him.The speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be _49_to explain or describe in a _50_that can be understood by his listeners.46.A)Moreover B)However,C)Preliminarily D)Unexpectedly,8.逻辑关系定位法,The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word.In speaking,the choice of words is _41_the utmost importance.Proper selection will eliminate one source of _42_breakdown in the communication cycle.Too often,careless use of words _43_a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener.The words used by the speaker may _44_unfavorable reactions in the listener _45_interfere with his comprehension;hence,the transmission-reception system breaks down.,动词题解题的六种方法,：,1.看主语，注意主谓搭配的一致性（主要是看主语是人还是物),something _,A.doubt B.challenge,主语必须是人的动词：believe,regard,think,be impressed by,intend,require,doubt,主语一般是物的动词：manifest,动词题解题的六种方法：,2.看宾语，注意动宾搭配的一致性,看宾语是人还是物,_ something,A.assure B.ensure,assure sb.of sth.,assure sb.that,看宾语是抽象名词还是具体名词,_ the soil,A.enhance B.feed,动词题解题的六种方法：,3.从动词及物或不及物的角度出发做题,_ old agricultural implements(农具),A.replace B.dispose,4.根据主语和宾语的逻辑关系判定动词,changes in the economy that _ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment,A.point B.lead C.come D.amount,动词题解题的六种方法：,5.根据动词后的介词以及介词宾语判定答案,Lord Irvine said he _ with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not _ sufficient control.,A.sided B.shared C.complied D.agreed,6.根据能够对动词起到限制性的成分来判定动词（一般指形容词）,He must sell in order to _ old agricultural implements and,A.replace B.purchase C.supplement D.dispose,名词题解题的五种方法：,1.名词作主语时，谓语或表语就是信息线索,_ be impressed by,A.sb.B.sth.,2.名词作宾语时，谓语动词就是线索,assure _,A.sb.B.sth.,名词题解题的五种方法：,3.根据名词前后的介词判定名词,_ for,A.explanation B.purpose,exposure to,approach to,answer to,confidence in,reason for,attitude toward,暴露,途径,答案,自信,原因,态度,名词题解题的五种方法：,4.根据已有名词来判定已选名词,_ of the letter,A.publication B.release C.printing,5.当名词后面出现定语从句或同位语从句时，从句就是线索,needed _ that comes from achieving success.,形容词解题的四种方法:,1.形容词作表语时主语就是线索,2.有副词修饰形容词时副词就是线索,legally _,A.binding B.restraining,形容词解题的四种方法:,3.当多个成分同时修饰一个名词时，答案就在修饰成分中,a _ bill that will propose making payments to witnesses,A.sketch B.rough C.preliminary D.draft,4.当形容词修饰名词时，名词就是线索,a _ of media protest when he said the,A.rage B.storm C.flare D.flash,副词题解题的三种方法:,1.根据主旨做题,2.同义原则,3.根据时态来判断,例：instantly，不能放在现在进行时里,做题顺序：,1.先做整体通读,通过整体通读读出,：,1)读出文章的中心(focus);,2)读出文章的导向或作者的基本态度,通读时应注意,：,不求甚解，重点读首句或首段。,读完首段后可先读尾段再读其它。,除首句外不必读的很细，耗时不能超过3分钟。,做题顺序：,2.以段为单位，按段精读，按段理解，按段做题；段本身就是具有独立意义的一群,3.进行最后的通读检查（review）；建议不要做完后立刻review，可以过一段时间再进行这一步,