TextIaworldempirebyothermeans自己商务综合英语王立非主编.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Text I a world empire by other means自己商务综合英语王立非主编,A world empire by other means,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,A World Empire by Other Means,What does world empire refer to?,World empire,refers to the British empire,the Empire on which the sun never sets.,Why does the title say by other means?,By other means,refers to a different way to rule the world,i.e.by means of language,in contrast to gunpowder and commerce.,1.,It is everywhere.Some 380 million people speak it as their first language and perhaps two-thirds,as many,again as their second.A billion are learning it,about a third of the worlds population,are in some sense exposed to,it and,by,2050,it,is predicted,half the world will be,more or less proficient in,it.It is the,language of globalisation,of international business,politics and,diplomacy,.It is the language of computers and the Internet.,As many,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,as many,of the same number,There wont be,as many fireworks,this year.,More than one hundred American colleges and universities now have educational exchanges with,nearly as many Chinese institutions,.,not as many as we had last year or previous years,with more or less 100 Chinese institutions,proficient,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,proficient:,a,.,(be in sth),able to do sth well or skilfully,a proficient speaker,Marthas proficient in Swedish.,Ant.,clumsy,incompetent,unskilled,n,.,proficien,c,y,proficiency in music,Can you name some common proficiency tests in China?,TEM-4,TEM-8,CET-4,CET-6,TOEFL,GMAT,GRE,IELTS,Organisation,As many,In some sense,Be exposed to,More or less,Be proficient in,Language of globalization,Diplomacy,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第,2,册,Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(14).mp3,它无处不在。它是约,3.8,亿人的母语，还是,约占,此人数三分之二人的第二语言。全世界有,10,亿人在学习它，约占世界人口三分之一的人,或多或少,会,接触到,它。预计到,2050,年，全世界半数人会,近乎,精通它。它是,全球化时代的语言,国际商务、政治和,外交,等活动使用它，也是计算机和互联网的通用语言。,Youll see it on posters in,Cte dIvoire,youll hear it in pop songs in Tokyo,youll read it in official documents in,Phnom Penh,.,Deutsche Welle,broadcasts in it.French business schools teach in it.It is the,medium of expression,in,cabinet,meetings in,Bolivia,.Truly,the tongue spoken back in the 1300s only by the,low people,of England,has come a long way,.It is now the global language.,Location map of Ivory Coast,A virtual guide to Cte dIvoire(also known as Ivory Coast),a country in southern West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea(North Atlantic Ocean)situated between,Ghana,and,Liberia,.The country is bordered in north by,Mali,and,Burkina Faso,.,Ivory Coast covers an,area,of 322,463 km,compared it is slightly smaller than,Poland,or slightly larger than the,U.S.state,of,New Mexico.,Cte dIvoire has a,population,of 22.7 million inhabitants(in 2015).Capital city is,Yamoussoukro,.Largest city and the defacto capital is,Abidjan,.Spoken,languages,are French(official);and languages of five principal language groups,the Diula(Dioula),Baule(Baoul),Dan,Anyin and Senari.,Truly the tongue spoken back,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,Truly,the tongue spoken back in the 1300s only by the low people of England has come a long way.,Paraphrase the sentence.,Indeed,the language spoken as early as 1300s by the native people in England has developed for a long time.,What does low people mean?,people of the lower class,those who were at the bottom of the society,Truly the tongue spoken back 2,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,What was the situation like in the 1300s?,After the Norman Conquest of England in 1066,until about 1300,three languages stood to each other in a hierarchical relationship,with Latin at the top,followed by French,and then by English.French was the prestige language,of the aristocracy and the court,while English a low and vulgar language of everyday folk.,Cte dIvoire,Phnom Penh,Deutsche Welle,medium of expression,Cabinet,Bolivia,Low people,Has come a long way,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第,2,册,Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(13).mp3,你能在,科特迪瓦,的海报上看到它，能在东京的流行歌曲中听到它，还能在,金边,的官方文件中读到它。,德国之声,电台用它播放节目，法国商学院用它授课，,玻利维亚的内阁会议,用它作为,交流媒介,。的确，这种在,14,世纪的英格兰只有“,下等人”,才说的语言取得了,长足的发展进步,，如今已经成为世界的语言。,The main idea of the first paragraph:,It is the,language of globalisation,of international business,politics and,diplomacy,.It is the language of computers and the Internet.,Lower class,Global language,2How come?Not because English is easy.True,gender,s are simple.But the verbs,tend to,be,irregular,the grammar,bizarre,and the,match,between spelling and pronunciation a,nightmare,.English is now so widely spoken in so many places that,umpteen versions,have,evolved,some so,peculiar,that even native speakers,may have trouble understanding,each other.,Match between spelling and pronunciation,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,match:,n.,a corresponding pair,1.,Can you give an example of the odd,match between spelling and pronunciation,?,2.,Pronounce the following words with-ough:,cough,plough,though,thorough,drought,thought,through,tough,h,onour,psychology,castle,comb,Gender:Sex,Tend to do:Be inclined;Have a tendency,Irregular:Uneven;Unbalanced;,Bizarre:StrangeWeird;Peculiar,Match:Equal;Equivalent,Nightmare:,Umpteen versions,Evolve:Develop;Progress,Peculiar:Odd;Strange;Unusual,Have trouble doing sth,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第,2,册,Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(1).mp3,为什么会这样？原因不在于英语好学。诚然，英语单词,词性,简单，但是动词变化,不规律,，,语法怪异,，拼写和发音之间的,对应,简直是,噩梦,。由于传播十分广泛，英语,衍生出众多的版本,，有些,独特,的表达连英语为“母语”的人们也,难以相互理解,The main idea of 2,nd,paragraph,Come a long way,Not easy,3As a language with many,origins,Romance,Germanic,Norse,Celtic and so on English,was bound to be a mess,.But its,elasticity,makes it,messier,as well as stronger,.When it comes to,new words,English,puts up few barriers,to entry.Every year publishers,bring out,new dictionaries listing,neologisms galore,.The past decade,for instance,has produced not just,a host of Internettery,computerese and phonebabble,(browsers,downloading,texting and so on)but quantities of,teenspeak,(fave,fit,pants,phat,sad).All are readily received by English,however much some,fogies,may,resist,them.,But its elasticity makes it messier,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,But its elasticity makes it messier,as well as stronger.,What represents the elasticity of English?,It absorbs words from other languages and accepts created ones,thus a much larger vocabulary than many languages.In its history,it accepts,both in spoken and written form,influences from other languages,religion,law and science.,What does elasticity mean?,flexibility,adaptability,But its elasticity makes it messier 2,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,How does the elasticity of English make it messier and stronger?,messier:,There are many varieties of English,differences among them in pronunciation,vocabulary,grammar and so on,which can be very confusing sometimes.,stronger,:,English can be used in many fields and so it becomes a lingua franca,and enjoys a dominant status.,When it comes to,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,When it comes to,saving,the planet,do celebrities practise what they preach?,When it comes to,renting,or,buying,youll spend about the same amount.,When it comes to,as regards,to is not followed by an infinitive,but a noun or noun phrase,.,barrier,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,barrier:,n,.,(to),obstacle,language,barrier,trade,barrier,to remove barriers to success,set barriers to communication,Syn.,obstacle,hindrance,A host of,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,a host of,a great number of,a host of bills,a host of new devices,Other similar phrases:,a crowd of,a swarm of,a flock of,a throng of,Origin:Source:Beginning,Be bound to do:,Elasticity:Spring;Flexibility,Mess:Disorder,Put up:Erect;Build,Barrier:Obstacle;Difficulty,Neologism galore,A host of,Internettery,Computerese,Phonebabble,Teenspeak,Fogy,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第,2,册,Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(2).mp3,英语的来源甚广，包括罗曼语、日耳曼语、挪威语、凯尔特语等等，因此它必定会杂乱无章，但正是这种灵活性在使它变得庞杂的同时，也变得更加强大。提到新词，英语几乎毫不阻拦地接纳。每年出版商都会推出包含大量新词的新字典。例如，过往十年里不仅出现了很多网络用语、计算机用语、手机用语（如“浏览器”、“下载”、“发短信”等），还诞生了大量青少年俚语（如“赞”、“正”、“残”、“酷”、“杯具”）。虽然一些守旧者强烈反对，但这些都被英语欣然接纳。,Main idea of the third paragraphMess-elasticity,Fogy-resist,4.English-speakers have not always been so,angst-free,about this,laisser-faire,attitude,to,their language.In the 18th century three writers Joseph Addison(who founded the Spectator),Daniel Defoe(who wrote Robinson Crusoe)and Jonathan Swift(Gullivers Travels)wanted to see a,committee,set up,to,regulate,the language.,Angst-free,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,angst-free:,a.,without anger or worry,Word Formation,-free,:,not containing a specified substance(often used in combination),tax-free,a sugar-free soft drink,Laisser-faire attitude,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,laisser-faire attitude:,laisser-faire,often refers to the principles of free trade,allowing for freedom to a great degree.Here it means hardly any restriction in the use and development of English.,English-speakers have not always been so,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,English-speakers have not always been so angst-free about this laisser-faire attitude to their language.,Paraphrase the sentence.,Some people in history,contrary to most others,took a negative attitude towards the elasticity of English.,to see a committee set up,to see done:,to make sure,You will see the work done properly.,He is always the last to go to bed to see all the doors locked.,Joseph Addison,(1 May 1672 17 June 1719)was an English,essayist,poet,playwright,and politician.He was the eldest son of The Reverend,Lancelot Addison,.His name is usually remembered alongside that of his long-standing friend,Richard Steele,with whom he founded,The Spectator,magazine.,Daniel Defoe was an English trader,writer,journalist,pamphleteer,and spy,most famous for his novel,Robinson Crusoe,.,Jonathan Swift,(30 November 1667 19 October 1745)was an,Anglo-Irish,satirist,essayist,political,pamphleteer,(first for the,Whigs,then for the,Tories,),poet and cleric who became,Dean,of,St Patricks Cathedral,Dublin,.,Angst-free,Laisser-faire,Attitude to,Committee,Set up:,Regulate:Order;Standardize;Adjust,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第,2,册,Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(3).mp3,英语母语者也并非一直对自己语言的这种,放任态度,毫不在意。,18,世纪便有三位作家,约瑟夫,爱迪生（,旁观者周刊,的创立者）、丹尼尔,笛福（,鲁滨逊漂流记,的作者）以及约翰森,斯威夫特（,格列佛游记,的作者）希望,建立,一个委员会来,规范,英语。,Main idea of paragraph 5:,Fogy-speaker,Committee-regulate,5.Fortunately,the principles of free,trade triumphed,.The success or failure of a language,has little to do with,its,inherent qualities,and everything to do with the,power of the people,who speak it.,To have little to do with,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,to have little to do with:,Other relative phrases:,to have everything to do with,to have much to do with,to have nothing to do with,Triumph:Succeed;Win,Have little to do with,Inherent:Intrinsic;Innate;Inborn,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第,2,册,Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(4).mp3,所幸，自由贸易的原则,占了上风,。一种语言的成败,并不取决于,它的,内在,品质，“而全在于说这种语言的人拥有多大,权力,。”,The main idea,No-inherent quality,But-the power,6English,moved with the times,and by the 19th century the times were such that it had spread across an empire,on which,the sun never set.It,thus,began its rise as a,global language,.,Text I_,BG_2.1,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,On hearing“The,Empire,on which the sun never sets,what do you think?,TEXT I,powerful,universal language,invasion,thus,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,thus:,ad.,in the way indicated,in this way;accordingly,therefore,Usage:,Which of the following is wrong?,1.We have arrived late.Thus we have to face the penalty.,2.,We were not careful,thus we have to pay the fine.,We were not careful.Thus we have to pay the fine.,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第,2,册,Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(5).mp3,Thus 2,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,Translate the following sentences.,If you throw the ball thus,as Im showing you,youll have better luck hitting the target.,2.I have all the tools I need.Thus I should be able to fix the bike myself.,3.Register your phone right after purchase,thus enabling us to provide you even better service in case of questions or in case of a warranty claim.,tr.,tr.,tr.,如果你像我演示的这样扔球，命中的机会更大些。,我有所有需要的工具，所以我应该可以自己把自行车修好,。,购买后请立即登记您的电话，以使我们在您有疑问或提出保修要求时能提供更好的服务。,英语,随时代发展,，到,19,世纪它已蔓延到日不落帝国的各个角落，自那以后它开始成为全球的语言。,Main idea,Empire-global,7.That could be seen,not just by,the use of English in Britains colonies,but also by,its,usefulness,much farther,afield,.When,for instance,Germany and Japan were negotiating their,alliance,against America and Britain in 1940,their two foreign ministers held their discussions in English.,But however accommodating,English might be the real reason for the latter day triumph of English is the,triumph of the English-speaking United States as a world power.Therein lies,a huge source of,friction.,Not just by,But also by,Afield,Alliance:,Accommodating:Helpful;Accepting,Friction:Resistance;Conflict,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第,2,册,Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(6).mp3,英语的发展,不仅见于,其在英国殖民地的广泛应用，还体现在它在,遥远国度,的,用途,。例如，,1940,年，德国和日本协商建立反对英美的,同盟,，这两国的外交大臣交流时使用的便是英语。然而，不论英语如何地海纳百川，它日后的,成功要归功于美国这个,英语国家作为,世界巨头的崛起,，这其中也,存在导致摩擦,的重大原因,8The,merit,of English as a global language is that it enables people of different countries to,converse and do business with each other,.,But,languages are not only a,medium of communication,which enable nation to speak unto nation.They are,also,repositories of culture and identity,.And in many countries the,all-engulfing advance,of English threatens to damage or destroy much local culture.This is sometimes,lamented,even in England itself,for though the language that now,sweeps,the world is called English,the culture,carried with it,is,American,.,All-engulfing,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,all-engulfing:,all-knowing:knowing everything,all-important:of greatest importance,all-powerful:having unlimited power,Do you know any other words combined with all?,Though the language that now sweeps the,Detailed Reading,Warm-up,Background,TEXT I,Paraphrase the sentence.,though the language that now sweeps the world is called English,the culture carried with it is American,.,English was spread through the power of the British Empirebut now it is spread through the culture of a different powerful country the USA.,(,Actually,globalization is equivalent to Americanization to a large extent.),The merit,Converse-conversation,Medium of communication,Repository,All-engulfing,Lament,Be carried with,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第,2,册,Unit1MP3U1-Text Iclip(7).mp3,英语成为全球通用的语言，,其好处,在于便利各国人民相互交流、进行商务往来。然而，语言不仅是国与国之间对话交流的,媒介，,还是文化和身份的宝库。在很多国家，英语日益显现,出压倒性,势头，将要破坏或摧毁当地的文化，有时甚至在英国也有如此令人悲叹的情景，目前,横扫,世界的语言叫做英语，但,承载,它的确是美国文化。,9.On the whole,the Brits do not complain.Some may regret the passing of the bullet-proof waistcoat(in favour of the bullet-proof vest),the arrival of hopefully at the start of every sentence,the,wholesale,disappearance of the perfect tense,and the,mutation,of the meaning of presently from soon to now.But few mind or even notice that their old railway station has become a train station,the car park is turning into a,parking lot,a