JohnSteinbeck.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,John,Steinbeck,约翰,斯坦贝克,(1902-1968),I.Social background,II.Biography of John,Steinbeck,III.Major works,IV.Analysis of his masterpiece,“The Grapes of Wrath”,I.Social background,1)The Great Depression in 1930s,The Wall Street crash in Oct.24,1929,“the bottom dropped of the stock market”,Result:,a.The dim decade of 1930s replaced the glittering 1920s.,Banks failed,factories closed and agriculture withered;Jobless millions roamed the street;the,breadless,stretched long;Absolute poverty and struggled for survival is a nightmarish experience of life.,b.The physical waste land replaced the,spritual,waste land represented by T.S.Eliot,II.Biography of John,Steinbeck,1.Born in Salinas,California,2.Read widely especially in English classical literature under the influence of his schoolmaster mother,3.Supporting himself from childhood,working at a variety of manual jobs:ranch hand,trainee carpenter,painter,laborer and chemist,which provided first hand materials,observations of the attitudes,manners and language of the working people,in particular,the migrant farm workers,4.Entering Stanford University in 1919 as an English major and left without a degree due to the disturbance of various jobs.,5.In 1925,he went of New York pursuing a literary profession,both as a newspaper reporter and a laborer,6.,Publishing his masterpiece“The Grapes of Wrath”in 1939,7.,In 1962,he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature,with the honorary words,for“his realistic and imaginative writings,distinguished as they are by a sympathetic humor and a social perception.”,“,通过现实主义的、寓于想象的创作，表现出富于同情的幽默和对社会的敏感观察”,8.He died of a heart attack on Dec.121,1968 in New York.,III.Major works,1.First novel:,Cup of Gold,(1929),金杯,2.Workers Trilogy:,a.,In Dubious Battle,(1936)胜负未决,-About the strike by migrant farm-workers,b.,Of Mice and Men,(1937),人鼠之间,-the mutual dependence and shared dreams of migrant farm-workers,c.,The Grapes of Wrath,(1939),愤怒的葡萄,his masterpiece for which,Steinbeck,received the Nobel Prize for it in 1962,3.,The Moon Is Down,(1942),月亮下去了,4.,East of Garden,(1952),伊甸园以东,IV.Analysis of his masterpiece,“The Grapes of Wrath”,1.Source of the title,2.Introduction of the story,3.Major characters,4.Purpose of the novel,5.Biblical structure,1.Source of the title,-A war song of the Civil War,“The Battle Hymn of the Republic”,共和国的战斗赞美诗,：,Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord,He is tramping out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored,“,我的眼睛已经见到老爷驾临的荣光，,他在践踏那些被储存了很久的愤怒的葡萄”,Questions for consideration,Whats the intention of borrowing the title from a war song?,-An implication of an invincible army marching on to victory,What is implied in the symbol“grapes”?,-The“grapes”stand for the building up(,集聚,)of the pressure and imminence(,迫在眉睫,)of explosion into violence,2.Introduction of the story,-His epic masterpiece of social consciousness and a crisis novel;,-A picture of helpless people crushed by drought and depression,；One of the classic documents of the Great Depression,-The thirteen members of the three generations of the,Joad,family are the impoverished(,一贫如洗的,)victims of the,Dustbowl,1,(,美加西部的干旱尘暴去,)drought in Oklahoma,；,-They set out on the trek(,长途跋涉,)in an old automobile they bought for all their family property for California,in which they believe they could seek their,promised land,2,(,上帝应许之地,).,-On the road,before their eyes are:,a.Unspeakable pain and suffering on the road;,b.Frequently occurring deaths,c.A universal landscape of decay and desolation,-Reaching and settling down in California,they met with bitter resistance from the local landowners,-Working in the migrant labor camps in California,life proved to be a misery of poverty and dislocation(,混乱,):,Evils are widespread and wrath is about to overwhelm patience,-As a result,the,Joads,joined in the migrant workers strike under the influence of the rustic socialist,Jim Casey;,-After Jim Casey was murdered,Tom,Joad,became the labor organizer to carry on Jims work with the powerful support and cooperation.,Dustbowl,Oklahoma dust bowl refugees.San Fernando,California.,3.Major characters,13,Joad,family members:,-,Tom,Joad,:from an unconscious strike participant to a conscious labor organizer,-,Jim,Casy,:a rustic socialist and the labor organizer,who was murdered by the landlord,-,Rose of Sharon,罗撒香,:Toms sister,who gave birth to a stillborn(,夭折的,)child,offers her milk to a dying man,which symbolizes a gleam of hope of life and peoples confidence in human nature,4.Purpose of the novel,showing authors clear expression of sympathy with the dispossessed and the wretched,5.Biblical structure,1)The 30 chapters fall into 3 sections:,-First 10 chapters:the description of the drought;,-Chapters 13 to 18:the journeying to California;,-The remaining 12 chapters:a narrative of the life of the migrants in California,2)Biblical influence,-The story corresponds to,“The Exodus”,出埃及记,in the Old Testament of the Bible:,The ancient Jews went to Egypt in search of food and stayed there for 400 years and became the slaves of the,Egyptian Pharaoh(,埃及法老,),；,The God sent,Moses(,摩西,),as His prophet to lead them out through the desert toward,Canaan(,迦南,),the Promised Land,the place the God had promised to,Abraham(,亚伯拉罕，犹太人的始祖,),the Father of the Jews,Under the oracle of the God when reaching Canaan,Moses made the Ten Commandments,摩西十诫,The Ten Commandments(,摩西十诫,),