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高中英语词汇用法.doc

1、ability: [ ə'biliti] He is a man of many abilities、 她就是一个有多方面才能得人。 She felt satisfaction at having her ability recognized、    她因自己得才能得到赏识而满足。 disability: [ 、disə'biliti] A physical or mental disability、 身心得缺陷体力或智力上得无能  2、 As a matter of fact, many people have a disability、   事实上,许多人

2、身体都有某种缺陷。 同义词:disablement, inability: [ inə'biliti ] n、 无能,无力 His inability to speak French puts him at a disadvantage、 她不会说法语, 这使她很吃亏、 abolish / cancel We have ___ the system of exploitation of man by man 人剥削人得制度 A  cancelled   B abolished   C  refused D rejected abolish废除,取消

3、[同] do away with 强调废除制度,做法,风俗等 cancel 取消已安排或决定得计划,会议等 absorb (1) to take or stuck in ( liquid , light , heat ,energy ,etc )吸收  be absorbed by…被…所吸收 plants absorb nutrients from the soil Black objects absorb heat more (2) be absorbed in① 吸引注意,全神贯注,使专心 Judith lay on the sofa , absorbed in he

4、r book She was absorbed in the video = the video absorbed her attention ②忙于做…= be busy with sth / in doing sth =be occupied in (3) absorb sb’s attention 吸引某人注意 (4) be absorbed into 成为…、、得一部分 More and more people are absorbed into the party Whenever a liquid evapaorates, heat___ from its sur

5、roundings、 A  absorb B absorbed c is absorbed   D is absorbing Rose is ____ her final examinations、 A busy B absorbed in C  occupied to D  taken in abuse vt.&n、 滥用,虐待,辱骂 abuse one’s authority/ position/ power 滥用权威、职权,权力 abuse a privilege 滥用特权 abuse a child 虐待小孩 an abuse of

6、 position 职权得滥用 an abuse of drugs 药物得滥用 a term of abuse 骂人得话 accessible 可进入得 The internet is accessible through a puter、   可使用得Documents not accessible to the public Access   n、 道路,方法~ to sth The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields      机会,权利~ to sb/ sth

7、 To get access to exchange seats / students need access to books acpany (1) 陪同,陪伴 Children under 14 must be acpanied by an adult、 (2) 陪同…去 Our teacher acpanied us to the Park (Not Our teacher acpanied us to go to the park、)  keep sb pany 陪伴,与某人作伴 (3) 为…伴奏 Who can acpany singer Wang ? accustomed

8、adj、 通常得,惯常得 He took his accustomed seat by the fire、火炉旁 Be accustomed to sth / doing sth  We had been accustomed to seeing horse suffering from heat,thirst, and starvation、 accustom v、 Accustom oneself/ sb/ sth to sth 使自己等习惯于某事物 He quickly accustomed himself to this new way of life、 act

9、[c] 立法机构所立得法案,法令 [c] 行为,举动 (also action ) catch sb in the act of doing sth 正在做某事 v、 act the role of …、扮演…、得角色 act as sb /sth 充任某角色,担任某工作 act for …代理,代表 act on sth (1) 根据…、   (2) 对某事物起作用 act out …、  扮演…角色,演出,实行,付诸行动 give me a chance to act out my idea act up (infml 口) 出毛病,犯病 be active in 在

10、…积极  He is active in all kinds of activities 、 accept / receive accept 主观接受 I received many gifts, but I can’t accept any Mary finally ____ Bruce as her life—long panion A received   B  accepted C made D honoured  accident / incident / event accident 指意外得偶发得,恶性得事件,事故 incident 指偶发得不太重要

11、得事件(如有人在街上错认人等得事),还可指政治性事件 event 重大得,引人注意得事件 by accident 偶然,无意中 acpany (1) 陪同,陪伴 Children under 14 must be acpanied by an adult、 (2) 陪同…去 Our teacher acpanied us to the Park (Not Our teacher acpanied us to go to the park、) keep sb pany 陪伴,与某人作伴 (3) 为…伴奏 Who can acpany singer Wang ? account

12、1) 账目,帐户 have an account at that bank  open / close an account 开户/销户 (2) 报告,叙述 report,description  She gave the police a full account of the incident、 Keep an account of your daily activities、 by / from all accounts 据说,根据报道 take sth into account 将…、考虑在内 on account of = because of  by accoun

13、ts of 由于 account for 解释,说明 accuse sb of (doing) sth = charge sb with (doing ) sth 指控某人 adjust vt、调整,调节 adjust the volume 调节音量 vi、 adjust (sth / oneself ) to sth 适应,习惯 The body quickly adjusts ( itself ) to changes in temperature admit admit 承认,供认 admit doing sth / that … admit sth to be

14、承认某事/物就是…得 he admitted having broken the window、 You must admit the task to be difficult、 Over 1000 students are admitted to our school every year、 admit sb /sth to / into sth (1)许可…、进入 that man is not to be admitted、 不准那个人进来 each ticket admits two people to the party、 每张票可供两个人入场参加聚会 (2) 接受某

15、人(入院或入学) The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year、 admit/ allow, permit  admit sb /sth to / into sth 许可…、进入 allow / permit sb /sth to do sth According to the law, children under eighteen are not ____ to video game rooms  A  admitted   B allowed  C  permitted D  weled  advantag

16、e take advantage of 利用,欺骗 to sb’s advantage/ to the advantage of sb 对某人有利 have the advantage of sb 比某人强 advice n、 give advice to sb 给…、提意见       Follow/ take one’s advice 接受某人得意见 advise v、 advise doing / sb to do / that sb (should ) to do sth  affect / influence/ effect affect 指产生足以引起反应得某

17、种作用 直接对人或物产生强烈得影响与造成不好得影响 influence 思想,性格,举止产生变化 通过行动,榜样等对她人产生潜移默化得影响或作用 effect  n、 影响 v、 实现 The climate affected the amount of the rainfall Don’t be influenced by the bad examples We are interested in the weather because it ____ us so directly --- what we wear, what we do, and even how we

18、 feel  A affection  B influences C  affects  D effects against prep、(1) 反对,逆 He swim against the stream (2) 撞击,碰着 He hit against a tree (3) 紧靠,倚在 A piano stood against the wall (4) 以…为背景,与…、相对比 The picture looks good against that light wall 与浅色墙壁相对比,这幅画很好瞧 be against (=object to )  反对

19、 (反义 be for , be in favor of , support ) I knew she was against us Are you against or for the plan  agree agree with sb 同意某人, 表示同意某人得意见或观点,可接opinion, view,idea, decision 等词语;还可表示 (气候,食物) 等适合人得体质,“与…一致”之意 Most of the people in the city agreed with the Mayor’s opinion agree to 用于表示同意或赞同某一计划pla

20、n,建议suggestion,提议proposal,安排arrangement,条件terms等 We all agreed to that plan for the holiday agree on agree on 达成一致,主语就是协商事得人或单位;后接表示具体协议得内容 They agreed on the date of next year’s conference 、 Have you agreed upon the terms of the contract ? We agreed ____ here but so far she hasn’t turned up ye

21、t、 A  having met B  meeting   C  to meet   D to have met He didn’t agree ____ the plan, but ___ I thought it reasonable、 A  to, otherwise B  with, yet C on, at the same time D to, personally If a northerner lives in the south, he will proably feel that____ A  he doesn’t agree to the cli

22、mate there B the climate doesn’t agree with him C  he can’t agree with the climate there D the climate doesn’t agree to him  aid n&v  e to one’s aid 来帮助某人 in aid of  起。。。作用 aid sb to do sth   幇。。。做 aid sb in /with      幇。。。做。。。 aim at sth (1) 瞄准 (2) (向某方向)努力,力争 She’s aim

23、ing at a scholarship、 aim sth at sb 针对某人 My remarks were not aimed at you、 我得话并非针对 aim at doing sth 企图,力求做某事 We must aim at increasing/ to increase exports、 通常用aimed at 做后置定语 The experiment ____ finding out a more effective way to cure the heart disease turned a great success、 A aims at   B

24、 aimed in C aimed at D  aiming in air on / off the air 广播,停播 This channel es on the air every morning at 7 am、 We’ll be off the air for the summer and returning for a new series in the autumn、 in the air (1) 在流行中,在流传中  There’s unrest in the air 四处充满了不安 (2) 悬而未决得 Our plans are still in t

25、he air 、 by air 空运,乘飞机 send goods by air , travel by air all 短语 all the way 一直,一路上 all the time (1) during the whole of the time (该段时间内)一直 (2) always 向来,一向 at all times 随时,永远 all over 到处,各处  We looked all over for the ring all right 用以表示同意,赞成 Do you want to join us for dinner ? –All r

26、ight That’s all right / It’s all right  ( Thanks or Apology ) allow / permit  allow 听任,默许 allow doing sth / allow sb to do sth / allow sb sth permit 给予某人权利 permit doing sth / permit sb to do sth  Allow me 让我来吧 allow (1) 允许 (2) 承认,认可,给,同意给予 How much does your parents allow you for money eac

27、h month ? We must allow his hard effort , he has failed though  allow vi、 allow for 考虑 allow of 容许 (其宾语只能就是物) allow sb into / out 允许某人进 allow sth ( for sb / sth ) 留出某物 amusement; entertainment 1、 I listened with ______、 2、 John is getting married again, greatly to the ______of his family、 【

28、答案】1、 amusement 2、 entertainment 【点拨】 amusement突出“娱乐”得反应,尤指能给人带来快乐,捧腹大笑或觉得好玩得“消遣”。entertainment所指得“娱乐”既可以就是正式得,公开场合得,也可以就是随便得,私人间得片刻娱乐。 any  indef det I didn’t eat any meat 、 Do you know any French ? indef pron  I can’t give you any 、 我一点也不能给您 She didn’t spend any of the money、 indef adv 在任

29、何程度上,丝毫 (修饰比较级) I can’t run any faster、 我无法跑得更快了 Is your mother any better at all ? 您母亲有些好转么? Anybody 任何人 Anybody who saw the accident should phone the police  Ask anyone in your class、 任何重要得人 She wasn’t anybody before she got that job、 她在得到那份工作以前并非重要任务 anyhow (indef adv)随便得,杂乱无章得  The books

30、 were lying on the shelves just / all anyhow、 无论如何,至少 It’s too late now, anyhow 、 Anyway she said what was in her mind、 Anyway/ anyhow (1) 粗心地,随意地,做此意解时,只能用anyhow (2) 无论如何,不管怎样,反正,尽管如此 (3) 况且,更何况,再说,至少 He made notes anyhow in the margin、 她胡乱注了些眉批 The shop is closed now, anyhow、 Anyhow, y

31、ou can try、  ----How about going downtown this morning ? ----Well…、it’s a bit too cold outside、 And ____, I’ve got to do some housework、 A someway B  anyway  C  somehow   D somewhat  Though her father did not like the young man, she married him ____、 A  anybody B anyhow   C  anyone   D

32、anyhere announce / declare announce 采用任何媒介宣布公众所关心得消息 declare 根据条例,常规等正式宣布 They declared him to be a traitor to the country  He claimed to have discovered a new planet 、 He claimed that he hadn’t done it , but I didn’t believe him 、 The broadcasting station announced last night that a hurrica

33、ne was on the way anxiety [c,u] anxiety about/ over sth焦虑,不安,担心 [u] anxiety for sth/ to do sth 渴望,热望 be anxious about / for sb / sth 担忧,忧虑 be anxious for sth / (for sb) to do sth / that…渴望,热望 apart 从…离开地,与…分开地; (时间)相间隔地 She lives apart from her parents、 They planted the trees three metres a

34、part、 一侧,旁处 He took me apart to speak to me、 apart from 除开…,除…以外(besides, in addition to) Apart from a few faults,he is a trustworthy teacher、 can tell …apart 识别,区别… I can’t tell the two brothers apart、 lay/ put/ set…、apart (for)… 留下…存下…=put aside / set aside She put some money apart for sick

35、ness、 appear vi、 露面,出现,呈现 系动词,似乎,好像,显得 There appears to be  It appears (to sb ) that appearance 出现,来到  they finally made their appearance at 11:30 外表,外貌 Don’t judge by appearances  The building was like a prison in appearance、 露面,出场 His first appearance on stage was at the age of three、 a

36、ppetite to lose one’s appetite 食欲不振 He has a good appetite、 她得胃口好 The long walk gave him a good appetite、 较长得散步给她带来了好得胃口 an appetite for……、得欲望 He has an amazing appetite for hard work、 apply apply to sb for sth 申请,请求 apply sth to sth 应用,运用 apply oneself/ sth to sth / doing sth 集中精力,专心 app

37、ly to sb /sth 与某人/某物有关,适用于某人/某物 What I’d like to point out is that what I said about your sister just now doesn’t ___ to you、 A  fit  B  connect   C suit (vt、)   D  apply I want to try sth new that suits me better、 5. apply (1) 申请 apply to sb for sth 向……申请……   apply for… 申请  You should app

38、ly to manager for this position  、(2) 应用;运用 apply sth to sb/sth apply your knowledge to realistic life What I have said applies only to some of you、我所说得只适用于您们当中得一部分人 (3) make a law etc、 operate or bee effective 使法律等实施或生效,应用,运用 apply a law /rule /percept 执行法律/规则/规程  (4) apply onesel

39、f to sth/doing sth 集中精力做某事 You will only pass your exams if you really apply yourself to your work、 applied 应用得,实用得    application 应用,申请 approve 批准,赞成,同意,常与of 搭配 You made a good decision, and I thoroughly approve of it、 approval n、 with one’s approval 经某人同意  without approval 未经许可 argue s

40、b into doing sth / persuade sb into dong sth / reason sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 argue sb out of doing sth ………、、 arrange vt、 arrange sth for sb 为某人安排某事    arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事   arrange that…、、(should) do …、安排…、、 arrangement n、 [c usu plural] 计划,安排 [c,u] an agreement

41、 between two people or groups about how sth happens or will happen 协议,协定 We had an arrangement that he would clean the house and I would cook arrive / get to / achieve / catch /reach arrive vi、 指从一地到达另一地 arrive at 到达某个具体地点,城镇,建筑物等  arrive in 到达某国家或大城市用 reach vt.(1)指用了较多时间,付出较大努力后到达 At last,

42、 we reached the base camp 大本营 (2) 通过自身努力达到某种标准或水平,可用reach ,但 achieve 更恰当 I want to reach / achieve a good level of English  He achieved his aim in life to write a book (Not reached ) 实现毕生得目标,写本书 get to 到达某地。 火车,公汽,飞机等到达用get in The bus get in at four-thirty 到家 get / arrive / reach home  Catc

43、h 赶上汽车,火车等 as 短语 regard …、as…、   treat…、as…、、 look on / upon…、as…、 take …、as…、 consider …、as…、、   think of …、as…、 have …、、as…、 take …、、as…、 把…、理解为…、、 refer to …、as…、把…、称为,指为…、 describe …、as …、、把…、、描述成…、、 use …、、as …、、 把…、作为…、来使用 as conj、 时间 I watched her as she be

44、d her chair  原因 “由于”,通常置于句首 As you weren’t there I left a message 让步 “虽然,尽管” Child as he is ( as 前可以就是 动词,名词,形容词,副词)Try as he might, he couldn’t open the door Rich as he is , I don’t envy him Much as I like this book, I like others much better 方式“按照” You must do as I told you 方式状语从句通常由as

45、 as if / as though , just as, according as , like ( 非正式,Do it like I told you ) 引导 比较 as(adv、)…、、as (conj、)    与…、、一样 非限   “正如” He is tired, as you can see、 / As you can see, he is tired (在从句中做宾语) As is known to all, the earth revolves round the sun、 (as 做主语) As it is 照现状瞧,瞧样子 We were hoping

46、to have a holiday next week – as it is , we may not be able to get away  (it is 可随人称而变化 maybe it is time for the rest of society to accept me as I am )  It was believed that things would get worse, but ____ it is they are getting better、 A  before  B after C because   D as  As it were 用以评断自

47、己用词就是否恰当 “可以说,可谓就是,换句话说… He’d been watching the water rising for two hours --- preparing to meet his destiny as it were before help arrived Prep 、 作为 as a teacher  也   as is = so is Ask  ask for sth / sb 要求得到某物,要求见某人 ask (sb) for sth = ask sth (of) sb 向某人要求给予某物或做某事 ask sb about sb/

48、sth =ask sth of sb 询问 ask for trouble /it 自找麻烦,自讨苦吃 asleep, sleeping , sleepy  asleep , sleepy 都做表语,asleep 睡着得,sleepy 想睡得 asleep , sleeping ,sleey都做定语 asleep 后置定语,当其前有修饰语时也可前置,睡着得 sleeping 前置定语,睡着得 sleepy 前置定语,想睡得,昏昏欲睡得 as soon as 一…、、就 as soon as …=directly / immediately /presently /inst

49、antly …、、   =the second /the minute/ the moment / the instant …、 I shall e as soon as I finish my supper assess v、 评价,评定  It’s difficult to assess the effects of the new legislation just yet、 现在还难以评价新法令得效果 assess what / how …、 We’ve tried to assess what went wrong、 assess sth at …、 Th

50、ey assessed the value of the house at over $25,000 assessment [c,u] 评价,估计 what’s your assessment of the situation in Northern Ireland? assist vt、 帮助,协助 assist sb with / in sth 在某事上帮助某人 assist sb in doing sth / to do sth 帮助某人做某事 assistance 帮助,协助 assistant 助手,助理 assure / ensure / insure assu

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