国际贸易英语ppt1.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Why We need learn SBE,Learn specialized knowledge from English textbook,-,get a general knowledge of International trade,including the definition of the International trade and some basic concepts.,Experience an English class of teaching international trade but not only the language.,Improve your ability of using English.,improve your English reading competence in the field of foreign trade,-,Master the commonly-used business key terms and make good use of them.,Grasp some important words and expressions,Grasp some of basic theories related with international trade,qualify the students to work competently in the field of foreign trade,How to Learn,Requirements to students,Do pre-reading before a class.,Review the related paragraphs after the class.,Participation in Class Activities,Memorize new words and expressions.,Do the assigned homework.,What is international trade?,No matter whether you are a businessman or not,you have some business dealings everyday.Maybe you dont believe this,but its true.we are all part of this business world and involved in the business activities in some way,International trade,also known as world trade,foreign trade or overseas trade,is the,fair and deliberate exchange,of goods and services,across national boundaries,It concerns trade operations of both import and export and includes the purchase and sale of both visible and invisible goods,comparative advantage,The economic motive and cause of international trade.Countries increase their economic prosperity by exporting the goods that they are relatively more efficient at producing and importing the goods that other countries are relatively more efficient at producing.,HeckscherOhlin model,It builds on,David Ricardos,theory of,comparative advantage,by predicting patterns of commerce and production based on the,factor,endowments of a trading region.The model essentially says that countries will export products that use their abundant and cheap factor(s)of production and import products that use the countries scarce factor(s),Key terms,GDP-gross domestic product,Total market value of the goods and services produced by a nations economy during a specific period of time.GDP is customarily reported on an annual basis.,GDP differs from gross national product(GNP),which is defined to include all final goods and services produced by resources owned by that nations residents,whether located in the nation or elsewhere.,globalization,It describes the process by which regional economies,societies,and cultures have become integrated through communication,transportation,and trade.The term is most closely associated with the term,economic globalization,:the integration of national economies into the international economy through,trade,foreign direct investment,capital flows,migration,the spread of,technology,and,military,presence,factors of production,The requirements for production,usually represented as capital,labour,and land.,Capital covers all man-made aids to future production;fixed capital stays put,and includes the physical plant,buildings,tools and machinery,while circulating capital includes raw materials and components.,factors of production,Labour includes all human resources.It may be unskilled,semi-skilled,or skilled,Cheap,unskilled and semi-skilled labour may be an important locational factor for multinational corporations while skilled labour is significant in high technology industries.Industries may be capital-or labour-intensive.,Land includes natural resources,as in mining,and is an increasingly important factor as modern factories extend on one level and require space for storage and parking.,tariff,tax on imported and,more rarely,exported goods.It is also called a customs duty.Tariffs may be distinguished from other taxes in that their predominant purpose is not financial but economic-not to increase a nations revenue but to protect domestic industries from foreign competition.,free trade,Trade between countries which takes place completely free of restrictions.Such trade allows specialization in member states of free trade areas,and lowers costs because,together with competition,the markets are increased.Within a free trade area there are no barriers,such as,tariffs,and,quotas,.However,there is not necessarily a common policy on trade with countries outside the free trade area,protectionism,Government actions and policies that restrict or restrain international trade,often done with the intent of protecting local businesses and jobs from foreign competition.Typical methods of protectionism are import tariffs,quotas,subsidies or tax cuts to local businesses and direct state intervention.,Useful Words and Expressions,gain from:从获得利益,1.,We hope for some,gain,from,our investment,我们希望投资有利可图.,2.,Gain,from,fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rate.,凡因外币汇率变动所获得之利益皆属之。,In principle,原则上，基本上，大体上，一般而言,be restricted to:仅限于.,限制在.,.,Be,crucial,to,sth.,对来说是至关,重要,的,Money will,be,crucial,to,the accomplishment of our objectives.,要实现我们的目标，钱是至关,重要,的。,be vulnerable to:,易于患上,易受影响,be proposed to,specialize in:专攻,精通,以为专业,专门从事,专门经营,.,In,collage I,specialize,in,organic chemistry.,在学院里我主修有机化学。,What do you,specialize,in,?,你们经营什么?,We,specialize,in,Sichuan food,determinant：n.,1.决定物;决定因素,adj.,1.决定物的;决定因素的,But cost is not the sole or even primary,determinant,.,但是费用并不是唯一或甚至是主要的决定因素,The main,determinant,of economic success is our ability to control inflation,经济方面的成就主要取决於我们控制通货膨胀的能力,paramount：adj.,1.最高的,至上的;首要的,主要的,be,paramount,to all others,胜过其它一切;比其它一切都重要;高于其它一切,Safety is of,paramount,importance.,安全有至高无上的重要性。,This matter is of,paramount,importance.,此事至关重要。,The reduction of unemployment should be,paramount,.,降低失业率应是头等大事。,be advocates of;,We are,advocates,of,the abolition,of,war,we do not want war;,我们是战争消灭论者，我们是不要战争的,distort:vt.,1.歪曲,曲解2.使变形；扭曲；使失真,1.,distort,history,篡改历史,2.,deliberately,distort,有意,歪曲,3.,distort,the facts,歪曲,事实,4.,distort,the original intention,曲解,原意,access to:1.有权使用到某地的通道,Access,to,Public Facilities,公共设施的使用,4.,easy,access,to,information;,鼓励开放资讯；,pit against,使与竞争，以与抗衡,correlate with:1.(使)相同于,符合于,接近于2.把联系起来,However,longer Internet and television use before bedtime did not,correlate,with,less actual sleep.,然而，睡前长时间上网或看电视时间,与,实际睡眠较少并不相关。,Results in the natural sciences seldom,correlate,with,those in history or art.,自然科学的成果很少,与,历史或艺术的成果,有,相互关系。,align with 结盟,使一致；使密切合作,We must,align,ourselves,with,the workers.,我们必须,和,工人们站在一起。,align,oneself,with,a group or a way of thinking.,让自己按照一整套思路做事。,exercises,3.Translate the following sentences into English with the phrases given below.,(1)International trade can be defined as the exchange of goods and proceeds between the buyer and the seller across countries boundaries.,(2)Several different models are proposed to predict the trade patterns and analyze the impact of trade policies.,(3)The Netherlands and the United Kingdom were both strong advocates of free trade when they were economically dominant.,(4)Protective tariff is used to prevent foreign business from shipping certain commodities to domestic market.,(5)In order to avoid unnecessary trade failure,we must be familiar with the unique problems of international trade.,Review Questions,Key Terms,Useful Words and Expressions,Summary 小结,What is international trade?,How does international trade classify?,The major forms of invisible trade,What is the comparative advantage theory?,How is international trade regulated?,Risk in international trade,What does free trade mean?,What economic policy of restraining does protectionism have?,