中考英语复习-第二篇-语法突破篇-专题十六-主谓一致和倒装句市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖PPT.pptx

第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,*,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,-,*,-,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,考点解读,-,*,-,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,题组训练,-,*,-,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,满分突破,-,*,-,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,小题快练,-,*,-,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,-,*,-,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,-,*,-,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,-,*,-,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,-,*,-,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,-,*,-,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,-,*,-,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,-,*,-,第二篇,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,考点解读,题组训练,满分突破,小题快练,-,*,-,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,专题十六主谓一致和倒装句,第1页,-,2,-,第2页,-,3,-,考点,1,考点,2,主谓一致,1.(,长沙中考,)Not only my parents but also my sister,crazy about the TV play,In,the,Name,of,People,.,A.is B.are C.have been,【解析】,A,考查主谓一致。句意,:,不但我父母,而且我妹妹对电视剧人民名义疯狂地喜欢。,not only.but also.,连接并列主语时,谓语动词遵照就近标准。较近是,my sister,。故选,A,。,第3页,-,4,-,考点,1,考点,2,2.(,益阳中考,)The number of people in the city,about seven million now.,A.areB.has C.is,【解析】,C,考查主谓一致。句意,:,现在这个城市人口数量大约是七百万。,the number of,表示,“,数量,”,跟复数名词连用作主语时,中心词是,number,谓语动词要用单数。故选,C,。,3.(,宜宾中考,)Two months,a long time.We can visit our grandparents during the vacation.,A.am B.is C.are,【解析】,B,考查主谓一致。句意,:,两个月很长。我们能够在假期期间探望我们爷爷奶奶。当主语为表示时间、地点、距离、价钱等名词时,通常谓语需要用单数形式。故选,B,。,第4页,-,5,-,考点,1,考点,2,4.(,泰州中考,)Neither Jim nor Tom,Australia before,but they know the country very well.,A.has gone toB.has been toC.have gone toD.have been to,【解析】,B,考查主谓一致和,been to,与,gone to,区分。句意,:,吉姆和汤姆以前都没去过澳大利亚,但他们对这个国家很了解。,neither.nor.,连结主语时,谓语动词依据,“,就近标准,”,确定适当形式,主语,Tom,提醒谓语助动词用,has,下文,but,引导转折句意提醒用,has been to,表示,“,去过,”,。故选,B,。,第5页,-,6,-,考点,1,考点,2,5.(,贵阳中考,)We all know that one of the world,s most popular sports,football.,A.amB.isC.are,【解析】,B,考查主谓一致。句意,:,我们都知道足球是世界上最受欢迎运动之一。,one of,修饰可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用单数,;,主语,one of the world,s most popular sports,是第三人称单数。故选,B,。,第6页,-,7,-,考点,1,考点,2,6.(,齐齐哈尔中考,)A number of visitors,visiting the West Lake and the number of the visitors,increasing.,A.are,isB.is,areC.are,are,【解析】,A,考查主谓一致。句意,:,大量旅游者正在参观西湖,游客数量正在增加。,a number of,意为,“,大量,”,主语是其后所修饰名词,visitors,是复数,谓语用,are;the number of,意为,“,数量,”,主语是,number,谓语动词用,is,。故选,A,。,第7页,-,8,-,考点,1,考点,2,英语中,主语单复数形式决定着谓语动词形式,这被称作主谓一致。它主要遵照以下标准,:,1.,语法一致,语法一致指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。,(1),当,and,和,both.and.,连接名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。,Lucy and Lily are twins.,露西和莉莉是双胞胎。,(2),不定代词,everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,no one,everything,something,anything,nothing,等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。,Everybody here knows me.,这里每个人都认识我。,Something is wrong with my computer.,我计算机有毛病了。,第8页,-,9,-,考点,1,考点,2,(3),名词后接由,with,together with,as well as,rather than,including,besides,like,expect,but,等引发短语时,谓语动词单复数由介词前名词单复数决定。,A woman with three children has come.,一个女人带着三个孩子来了。,I as well as they am ready to help you.,不但他们,我也愿意帮助你。,(4)“a lot of(lots of)”“plenty of”“most of+,名词,”,和,“,分数或百分数,+of+,名词,”,等作主语时,谓语动词单复数形式取决于名词,假如是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数形式,假如是可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式。,Lots of students have been there.,很多学生去过那儿。,第9页,-,10考点,1,考点,2,(5),由,“a pair of+,复数名词,”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,;“pairs(kinds)of+,复数名词,”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。,A pair of shoes is under the chair.,一双鞋在椅子底下。,(6),由两部分组成表示物体名词,(,如,trousers,shorts,pants,shoes,gloves,等,),作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。,My shoes were worn out.,我鞋子穿坏了。,(7),不定式或,v.,-ing,形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。,To learn English well isn,t very easy.,学好英语不轻易。,Mending the car is his job.,修车是他工作。,第10页,-,11,-,考点,1,考点,2,2.,意义一致,意义一致指从意义上着眼处理主谓关系。比如,:,主语形式即使是单数,但意义上却是复数,谓语动词就应用复数形式。一些情况下,主语即使是复数,但意义是单数,谓语动词也应该用单数。,(1),由,and,连接两个名词作主语,假如是指同一概念,则谓语动词用单数形式。,The scientist and inventor is his father.,那位科学家兼创造家是他父亲。,(2),表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词、词组作主语时,普通被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。,Do you think three dollars is enough?,你认为三美元够吗,?,第11页,-,12,-,考点,1,考点,2,(3)family,crowd,company,class,group,等集体名词作主语时,假如表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式,;,假如表示集体中组员,谓语动词用复数形式。,The crowd are fighting for their lives.,这些人正在为生存而战斗。,(4)cattle,people,police,等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。,The police have caught the murderer.,警方已经抓获了凶手。,(5),学科名词,maths,politics,physics,等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。,Maths is hard for me to learn.,对我来说,数学极难学。,第12页,-,13,-,考点,1,考点,2,3.,就近标准,就近标准是指谓语动词单复数形式取决于最靠近它主语。,(1),由,either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but(also).,等连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与离它较近主语在数上保持一致。,Not only his children but also he wants to go to the Great Wall.,不但他孩子想去,而且他也想去长城。,Either you or he is wrong.,你或他错了。,(2)There be,或,Here be,这两个结构中,be,动词常与最近主语在数上保持一致。,There is a pen,two pencils and some books on the desk.,书桌上有一支钢笔、两支铅笔和一些书。,There are two pencils,a pen and some books on the desk.,书桌上有两支铅笔、一支钢笔和一些书。,第13页,-,14,-,考点,1,考点,2,倒装句,1.(,广东中考,)Is there any outdoor learning in your school?,.We learn outdoors once or twice every month.,A.Yes,there isB.No,there isn,t,C.Yes,it isD.No,it isn,t,【解析】,A,考查,there be,句型。依据第一句,Is there,回答应是,Yes,there is/No,there isn,t,又因为后文,We learn outdoors once or twice every month,可知,回答应是必定。故选,A,。,第14页,-,15,-,考点,1,考点,2,2.(,白银中考,)There,a basketball game between these two grades in the gym this afternoon.,A.will B.is going to have C.is going to be D.will have,【解析】,C,考查,there be,句型未来时使用方法。句意,:,今天下午在这两个年级之间将有一场篮球赛。由,this afternoon,可知句子用未来时态。,there be,句型未来时用,there will be,或,there is going to be,表示。故选C,。,3.(,南京中考,)Look!There,a photo of our English teacher in today,s newspaper!,A.isB.areC.haveD.has,【解析】,A,考查固定句型。句意,:,看,在今天报纸上有我们英语老师图片。,there be.,表示,“,有,”,后面名词,a photo,是单数,所以系动词用,is,。故选,A,。,第15页,-,16,-,考点,1,考点,2,4.(,安顺中考,),there anything new in today,s Qianzhong Morning Daily?,No.But there,some inspiring stories worth reading.,A.Is;isB.Are;areC.Is;areD.Are;is,【解析】,C,考查主谓一致。句意,:,今天黔中早报有一些新东西吗,?,没有,但有一些令人鼓舞故事值得一读。前者不定代词,anything,作句子主语,there be,句型中,be,动词应用单数形式,;,后者,some inspiring stories,作句子主语,there be,句型中,be,动词应用复数形式。故选,C,。,第16页,-,17,-,考点,1,考点,2,5.(,黔南州中考,)There,an NBA match on TV this weekendA.will playB.is going to beC.will have D.is going to have,【解析】,B,考查,there be,句型。句意,:,这个周末将有一场,NBA,比赛。,there be,普通未来时结构为,there is going to be,意为,“,将要有,”,。故选,B,。,第17页,-,18,-,考点,1,考点,2,6.(,凉山州中考,)There,a party tomorrow evening.Would you like to go with me?,I,d love to.,A.isB.hasC.is going to haveD.is going to be,【解析】,D,考查,there be,结构。句意,:,明天晚上有个晚会,你想和我一起去吗,?,我愿意。,there be,不与,have/has,连用,可排除选项,B,、,C;,由时间状语,tomorrow evening,可知用未来时。故选,D,。,7.(,宜宾中考,)There,a basketball match in our school this afternoon.,A.will have B.will beC.is going to have,【解析】,B,考查,there be,句型与动词时态。句意,:,今天下午我们学校将会有一场篮球比赛。,there be,句型未来时态为,:there will be.,或,there is going to be.,。故选,B,。,第18页,-,19,-,考点,1,考点,2,8.(,贵阳中考,)“I,ve never been to Disneyland,Judy.”“,”,A.So have I.B.Neither am I.C.Neither have I.,【解析】,C,考查倒装句。句意,:“,朱迪,我从没去过迪斯尼乐园,”“,我也没去过。,”,上句是否定句,所以下句倒装句应该用,Neither,引导,可排除选项,A;,上句中用了助动词,所以倒装句中应该用助动词。故选,C,。,第19页,-,20,考点,1,考点,2,9.(,天水中考,)It,s very cold in Shenyang in winter.,here.,A.So it isB.So is itC.So it doesD.So does it,【解析】,A,考查倒装句。句意,:,沈阳冬天非常冷。,这里也是。本句上下文主语相同,都是,“,天气,”,所以,so,是表语提前组成倒装句,正常语序是,It is so here.,就句子某一成份提前组成倒装句,当主语是代词时要用主谓语序。上文用了,be,动词提醒下文也用,be,动词。故选,A,。,第20页,-,21,-,考点,1,考点,2,10.(,宿迁中考,)I don,t like horror films.They,re terrible.,.,A.Either I do B.Neither I doC.Either do ID.Neither do I,【解析】,D,考查倒装句。句意,:,我不喜欢恐怖电影。它们太可怕。,我也不喜欢。承接上文,用,neither,或,nor,引导倒装句,表示,“,也不,”,要组成完全倒装句。上句助动词用,do,下文也用,do,。故选,D,。,第21页,-,22,-,考点,1,考点,2,1.there be,句型倒装,there be,句型是一个表示某时某地,“,存在,”,某人或某物句型,是主语在,be,动词后倒装句。,There is a small river near the village.,村子附近有一条小河。,第22页,-,23,-,考点,1,考点,2,2.so,neither,引导倒装句,“So+be,动词,/,助动词,/,情态动词,+,主语,”,表示前面必定情况也适合后面人或物,意为,“,某人也是如此,”;“Neither+be,动词,/,助动词,/,情态动词,+,主语,”,表示前面否定情况也适合后面人或物,意为,“,某人也不,”,。,I like playing the guitar.So does he.,我喜欢弹吉他,他也喜欢。,He can,t do it.Neither can I.,他不会做这事,我也不会做。,第23页,-,24,-,考点,1,考点,2,3.,方位副词引发倒装,以,here,there,out,in,down,away,等表示方位副词开头句子,假如主语是名词,而谓语动词是,be,come,go,lie,run,等,用全部倒装。注意,:,假如句子主语是代词时,则用半倒装。,Here is the letter you have been looking forward to.,你期望已久信在这儿。,Here it is.,给你。,/,在这里。,第24页,-,25,-,考点,1,考点,2,(,A,)1.Would your sister go to Hainan this summer?,If I don,t go,.,A.neither will sheB.neither does she,C.so will sheD.so does she,(,B,)2.I,m not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.,.I have to clean up my bedroom.,A.So am IB.Neither am IC.Neither I amD.So I am,(,C,)3.Lily goes to bed early in the evening.,.,A.Neither does TomB.Neither Tom does,C.So does TomD.So Tom does,第25页,-,26,-,考点,1,考点,2,(,A,)4.Would you like to go to the zoo?,If Linda does,.,A.so will IB.neither will IC.so do ID.neither do I,(,D,)5.My sister and I will go to the library tomorrow.,.Shall we go together?,A.So am IB.So do IC.So I amD.So will I,第26页,-,27,-,【技巧,1,】区分,“,单复,”,法,主谓一致主要考查考生对主语单、复数以及人称了解和判断能力。解答这类题目时,首先找出句子真正主语,然后依据主谓一致三标准做出选择。主语后接,with,together with,but,except,等词语时,谓语应与前面主语保持一致。,【典例透析,1,】,(,郴州中考,)Look!A woman with three children,crossing the street.,Let,s help them.,A.isB.are C.was,【解析】,句意,:,看,!,一个带着三个孩子妇女正在过马路。,让我们帮帮他们吧。,with,是介词,谓语动词形式要与,with,前名词单复数一致,;,因,a woman,是单数形式,所以谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式,;,由,Look,可知句子用现在进行时。故选,A,。,第27页,-,28,-,【典例透析,2,】,(,自贡中考,)Everybody except Mike and Linda,there when the meeting began.,A.areB.wasC.were,【解析】,句意,:,当会议开始时候,除了迈克和琳达,大家都在那儿。时间状语从句时态为普通过去时,所以主句也应用过去时,排除,A,项,;“,主语,+except+,名词或代词,”,充当主语时,谓语动词与,except,前主语保持一致,故选,B,。,第28页,-,29,-,【技巧,2,】,熟记常见倒装句型,中考对倒装句考查主要包括以,so,neither,开头倒装句。,so,开头表示倒装和表示强调一直是考生易错点。,【典例透析】,(,邵阳中考,)Mr.Black goes to work by car every day.,.,A.So does Mr.Green B.So Mr.Green does C.So is Mr.Green,【解析】,考查倒装句。句中用了实义动词,所以倒装句中用助动词,可排除,C;“So+,助动词,/be,动词,/,情态动词,+,主语,”,表示,“,也,”;“So+,主语,+,助动词,/be,动词,/,情态动词,”,表示,“,确实,”,。依据句意可知选,A,。,第29页,-,30,-,1.Almost everyone both in China and abroad,C,peace and is against war.,A.loveB.lovedC.lovesD.loving,2.How much,B,the shoes?,Five dollars,enough.,A.is;isB.are;isC.are;areD.is;are,3.Both Li Lei and Han Meimei,D,fond of the TV program.,I am also very interested in its experiment competitions.,A.isB.amC.wasD.are,4.Taking pictures,A,very interesting.I often go to the park to take photos in my spare time.,A.isB.areC.to beD.be,5.As we know,physics,C,an interesting subject.,A.areB.have beenC.isD.to be,第30页,-,31,-,6.The number of people invited,C,fifty,but a number of them,absent for different reasons.,A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were,7.About three-fifths of the work,B,done yesterday.,A.hadB.wasC.wereD.have,8.Have you got some water to drink?,Here you are.There,C,still some in the bottle.,A.areB.wereC.isD.was,9.These police often,A,the children across the street.,A.helpB.helpsC.helpingD.is helping,10.This pair of trousers,A,Lucy,s.Your trousers,on your bed.,A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;is,第31页,-,32,-,11.We have an English class every day except Saturday and Sunday.,D,.,A.So we haveB.So we doC.So have weD.So do we,12.Our class are going to watch the movie,Time,Raiders,tomorrow.If you don,t go,C,.,A.so do IB.neither do IC.neither will ID.so will I,13.,B,exciting news it is that the Disneyland in Shanghai has opened to the public!,.We plan to go there this summer holiday.,A.What an;So is itB.What;So it is,C.How;So it isD.How;So it is,第32页,-,33,-,14.I have read the book,Sense,and,Sensibility.,A,.,A.So have IB.Neither have I,C.So I haveD.Neither I have,15.Becky,s never been to Paris.,D,.But I really want to pay a visit to that beautiful city.,A.So do IB.So I haveC.Neither am ID.Neither have I,第33页,