中考英语语法专题突破专题十一动词的时态市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖PPT课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,专题十一 动词时态,第二部分 语法专题突破,第1页,衡阳近七年中考真题中，除外，每年必考动词时态，考查重点是现在完成时，普通过去时和普通现在时。多给出时间标志词或可依据上下文时态推断空格处时态。现在完成时和普通过去时所包括动词变形多为不规则改变；对普通现在时考查较为基础。,第2页,动词五种基本形式改变表,英语动词有五种基本形式，即动词原形、第,三人称单数、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。具,体改变情况以下表：,第3页,形式,组成,例词,动词原形,没有任何形式改变动词,be,do,have,come,第三人称单数,普通在动词原形后直接加s,workworks,readreads,以s,o,x,z,sh,ch结尾动词，后加es,gogoes,washwashes,第4页,过去式与过去分词,普通在动词原形后直接加ed,workworked,staystayed,在以e结尾动词后只加d,closeclosed,likeliked,以辅音字母加y结尾动词，应将y改为i再加ed,studystudied,carrycarried,过去式与过去分词,以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，双写此辅音字母再加ed,stopstopped,planplanned,第5页,现在分词,普通在动词原形后,直接加ing,sleepsleeping,waitwaiting,以不发音e结尾动词，去e再加ing,smilesmiling,movemoving,以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，双写此辅音字母再加ing,sitsitting,digdigging,planplanning,少数以ie结尾动词，变ie为y，再加ing,diedying,lielying,(动词不规则改变见话题写作天天见),第6页,组成 主语be动词(am/is/are)/实义动词原形/第三人称单数形式其它,使用方法,表示经常性或习惯性动作或状态。常见时间状语有：often，sometimes，usually，always，never，twice a month，on Sundays,every day/week/month/year.(every系列)等。如：,普通现在时,(,年22题,),第7页,The boy usually gets to school early.这个男孩通常到校很早。,表示普遍真理、客观存在或科学事实。如：,The moon moves around the earth.月亮绕着地球转。,表示按计划将要发生动作。如come,go,move,stop,leave,finish,start等，在普通现在时中,第8页,可用来表示未来必定会发生动作。如：,The plane takes off at half past seven this afternoon.这架飞机今天下午七点半起飞。,第9页,普通过去时,(年26题，年25题，年25题,年22题),组成 主语动词过去式其它,使用方法,表示过去某个时间发生动作或存在状态。常见时间状语有：a few days/weeks/months ago,yesterday,last year,in those days,just now,第10页,in 1990等。如：,I was very happy when I heard the good news yesterday.我昨天听到这个好消息时很高兴。,表示过去经常或重复发生动作。如：,He always went to work by bus last year.去年他总是乘公共汽车上班。,第11页,普通未来时,组成,主语,will/shall,动词原形其它,(,表示对未来预测,),主语,be going to,动词原形其它,(,表示打算、计划做某事，也可用来表示自然现象,),第12页,使用方法,(1)表示未来某个时间要发生动作或存在状态。常见时间状语有：tomorrow,soon,later,next week/month/year/.,in a few days/months/years/.等。如：,My sister has gone to England for a summer camp and she will be back next week.我姐姐去英格兰参加夏令营了，她下周将回来。,第13页,表示位置移动动词，如go,come,leave,fly,start,meet,move等，能够用现在进行时表示将要发生动作。如：,Im leaving the day after tomorrow.我后天离开。,表示某种必要趋势。如：,Fish will die without water.没有水，鱼就会死。,第14页,祈使句and/or含有未来时句子。如：,Work hard,and you will succeed.努力工作，,你将会成功。,Hurry up,or you will miss the early bus.快点，,不然你将会错过早班车。,第15页,现在进行时,组成,主语am/is/arev.ing形式,使用方法,表示现阶段正在进行动作或当前一段时间内活动。惯用时间状语有：now,at the moment,these days,right now等，也常与“Look！”，“Listen！”等连用。如：,第16页,The students are working on the farm these days.这些天学生们一直在农场劳动。,Look！They are planting trees.看！他们正在种树。,go,leave,arrive,start等动词用现在进行时表示未来。如：,I am going to Beijing this Sunday.这周日我打算去北京。,第17页,过去进行时,组成主语was/were,v,.ing形式,使用方法,表示过去某个时刻正在进行动作。常见时间状语有：at that time,at this time yesterday,at 1：00 last night,at that moment,then等。如：,What were you doing at nine last night?昨天晚上9点你正在做什么？,第18页,I was watching TV at that time.那时我正在看电视。,表示过去某段时间内连续进行动作。如：,What were you doing from seven to nine yesterday?昨天七点到九点你在做什么？,第19页,组成,主语has/have动词过去分词,使用方法,惯用时间状语：already,yet,before,just,ever,never,so far,in/during the past/last five years,recently,since,for 等。,现在完成时,(年27题，年28题，年25题，年25题，年24题),第20页,已完成使用方法：表示过去发生或已完成动作对现在造成影响或产生结果。如：,Look!The light is still on in Mr.Zhangs office.瞧！张先生办公室灯还亮着。,Im afraid he hasnt finished his work yet.恐怕他工作还没有做完。,第21页,未完成使用方法：表示过去已经开始，一直连续到现在动作或状态，常与for或since短语连用。注意：动词必须是延续性，假如动词是短暂性，要转换为对应延续性动词。如：,I have been away from my hometown for ten years.我已经离开故乡十年了。,第22页,1.依据时间状语确定时态,若空格所在句有显著时间标志词，则可直接确定对应时态。,2.在复合句中依据时态呼应确定时态,衡阳中考对复合句时态考查时常会包括“主将从现”标准，这就要求考生结合该标准和详细语境快速判定主从句时态，进而确定空格处所缺动词适当形式。,【名师点拨】,第23页,例：,If there _ no buying and selling of,animals,there will be no killing in nature.,【,解析】本句是一个含if引导条件状语从句,复合句，应遵照“主将从现”标准，即主句,时态用普通未来时，从句用普通现在时。,there be结构是固定句型，其普通现在时形式,为“There is/are.空后所表示在意义上为,单数，故填is。,第24页,3.依据上下文已经有时态信息确定时态,有些试题即使看起来没有时间状语做提醒，也不是复合句，不过上下文动作存在着显著时间次序，所以可依据上下文已经有时态来判断空格处所要选取时态(尤其注意and,but,while等连词连接成份要保持时态上统一)。,第25页,例：,The girls were r_ their bikes,around the lake while the boys were,running.,【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处应填动词与,were组成谓语。bike常与动词ride搭配，表示,骑自行车。依据while后“were running”可知,该句使用了过去进行时。结合句意和空格之前,已经给出were，可知应填现在分词riding。,第26页,1.I will _(boil)some water and make tea.,2.By the time my parents reached home yesterday,I _(cook)the dinner already.,3.I called you,but nobody answered.Where,_(be)you?,boil,had cooked,were,一、用所给词适当形式填空,第27页,4.Paula is pleased because she _(find),her lost watch.,5.The children _(have)a PE.,class on the playground when the earthquake,happened.,6.Helen encouraged me to speak English as much,as possible because practice _(make),perfect.,has found,were having,makes,第28页,I recently heard a story about a famous scientist.Because of his great achievements,he was thought to be(1)_ (create)than common people.When he was asked why he was able to do this,he gave the answer.It allcame from an experience with his mother when he was about three years,二、综合填空,more creative,第29页,old.“I(2)_(try)to get a bottle of milk from the fridge but I lost the bottle and it fell,spilling the milk all over the floora sea of milk!I was frightened and I didnt know what to do！”he said.,His mother heard the noise and got into the kitchen.“I(3)_(consider)how to explain all this to you,mom.”,tried,am considering,第30页,he said.Instead of(4)_(punish)him,she said,“Robert,what a great mess you have made!I(5)_(not see)such a huge sea of milk before!Well,since the milk has already been spilled,would you like(6)_(play)in the milk for a while?We(7)_(clean)itup after that.”Then,he did so.After a few minutes,his,punishing,havent seen,to play,will clean,第31页,mother,said,“You know,Robert,whenever you(8)_(make)a mess like this,finally you have to clean it up.”He used a sponge,(海绵)and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.,His mother then said,“You know,we(9)_(fail)in carrying a big milk bottle with two tiny hands just now.Lets go out in the,make,failed,第32页,yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you can(10)_(discover)a way to carry it.”Then the little boy learned that if he grasped(抓紧)the bottle at the top with both hands,he could carry it without dropping it.,What a wonderful lesson!,discover,第33页,