英语分词省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语分词,1/14,分词是动词非谓语形式。它是由动词+ing 或 动词+ed 组成，它在句中起形容词或副词作用，能够作定语，表语，状语。如：working，worked，washing，washed.,2/14,分词可分为现在分词和过去分词两种，现在分词形式同动名词一样，在动词后面加 ing。而过去分词形式则在动词后面加 ed.分词在句中可作定语，状语或表语。,3/14,分词作定语,China is a developing country.中国是一个发展中国家。,The girl,singing for us,is ten years old.给我们唱歌女孩十岁了。,作定语分词要放在被修饰名词之前，假如是,分词词组,则放在被修饰名词之后，如被修饰名词是 something,anything,everything,nothing 等，分词放在被修饰名词后面,。,4/14,The working people have played a great role.,工人起主要作用。,There is nothing interesting.,没什么有趣事。,分词和动名词都能够作,定语,，判断是分词还是动名词，能够依据它们和被修饰词有没有逻辑上主谓关系来判断，有,主谓关系,是分词，不然判断为动名词。,a,swimming,girl 游泳女孩。（分词）,a swimming pool 游泳池子（动名词）,5/14,分词作,状语,Being a student,he likes to help others.,作为学生，他喜欢帮助他人。,She is there,waiting for us,.,她在那儿等我们呢。,分词作,表语,The story is,interesting,.故事有趣。,The glass is,broken,.玻璃杯破了。,6/14,分词作,宾语补足语,能够跟宾语补足语谓语动词有,see,watch,hear,set,keep,find,have,get,等词。,I saw him,walking in the street,.我看见他在街上走。,We found the boy,sleeping,.我们发觉小孩睡着了。,have 后面宾语补足语用过去分词常表示动作不是句子主语发出，而是由,他人,做。,I,have,my hair,cut,.我剪发了。（是他人给我剪发）,She,has,her bike,repaired,.她把自行车修理了。（他人修理）,比较,:,I saw him walk in the street yesterday.,比较:She has her son wash dishes after meals everyday,7/14,分词被动形式,分词被动形式表示分词动作同所修饰名词有一个,被动关系,。,The entertainment building,being built,will be completed next year.,正在建设娱乐大楼明年完工。,8/14,英语中分词分两种：现在分词（the present participle）和过去分词（the past participle）。即使它们在句子中都可作名词修饰语、接系动词补足语、宾语补足语等，不过它们形式不一样，而且语义也有差异。,现在分词表示动作是,主动,和,正在进行,（例-）；过去分词动作是,被动,和,完成,（例-）：,The,boiling,water is hot.,A,sleeping,baby is good to look at.,She has a,smiling,face.,You can use the,boiled,water to make tea.,Where is my,lost,key?,A,broken,mirror cannot be repaired.,9/14,有时，因为两个动词“异词同义”，其分词也跟着不一样，,如：,a.Have you seen the man,wearing a T-shirt,?,b.Who is the man,dressed in a blue shirt,?,a.His new book,consisting,of useful data has been,well received.,b.Do you like the book,made up of,untrue stories?,10/14,在语义上，现在分词和过去分词反应心理状态不一样。前者有“令人”含义（见例）；过去分词则有“感到”意思（见例）：,The soccer match last night was,exciting,.,The soccer fans were,delighted,.（感到高兴）,其它例子有：,amazing:amazed;,satisfied:satisfying;,boring:bored;,pleased:pleasing;,surprising:surprised;,terrifying:terrified,11/14,试比较11a和b以及12a和b:,11a.This is the most,confusing,system I have ever seen.,11b.The children will get,confused,if asked to learn too much at a time.,12a.David came with some,surprising,news.,12b.All were,surprised,at Sams sudden resignation.,在作宾语补足语时，假如宾语是相关分词,逻辑上主语,，就用现在分词，如：,13.The teacher found a student,dozing off,.,14.Dont keep the visitor,waiting,.,12/14,在作宾语补足语时，假如宾语是相关分词,逻辑上主语,，就用现在分词，如：,13.The teacher found a student,dozing off,.,14.Dont keep the visitor,waiting,.,假如宾语和相关分词有“,动词+宾语,”关系，那么这个分词就要是过去分词了，如：,15.Where did you get your book,printed,?,16.You should have your office,cleaned,.,在13里，正在打瞌睡是宾语“a student”;在14里，宾语是“the visitor”。15里，“printed”宾语是“books”;16里，“cleaned”宾语是“his office”,13/14,4.分词短语相当于副词从句，但现在式表示是主动行动,过去式表示被动行动，如：,17,Entering,the room,she found the wall newly,painted,.,18,Written,in a hurry,the article had some mistakes.,比较:,There is a man,waiting,for you in the office.,There is a lot of homework,to do,.,14/14,