新视野大学英语4unit3-section-A.pptx

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,-,*,-,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,-,*,-,-,1,-,Unit Three,Section A,Longing for a New Welfare System,1/62,-,2,-,Pre-reading Activities,New Words and Expressions,Text Analysis,1,2,3,Unit Three,Summary,4,5,Writing,2/62,-,3,-,1.,When you are sick,you may go to the school clinic.How much do you need to pay for your medical expenses?,Tips:,You just need to pay 10%of your medicine,bills.,Pre-reading Activities,I.Social Welfare,3/62,-,4,-,2.Why just 10%?Who pays the rest for you?,Its a part of the social welfare system.,The government pays the rest for you.,Tips:,Pre-reading Activities,4/62,-,5,-,Public assistance programs,commonly called“welfare”,provide cash or benefits for particular categories of the financially needy.,Pre-reading Activities,Social Welfare,5/62,-,6,-,The U.S.welfare system operates on both the federal and state levels.The federal welfare program is known as Social Security,政府公共福利计划,that provides benefits or assistance for child care,disability,food and medical assistance,.,The state welfare programs,on the other hand,provide assistance to both individuals and local communities with state schooling and social insurance.,Pre-reading Activities,The U.S.Social Welfare,6/62,-,7,-,Which person is more likely to get welfare assistance?Why?,Pre-reading Activities,a rubbish picker,78 years old,no living partner,no children,a teenage worker,15 years old,parents died,working,in a small coal mine,7/62,-,8,-,a child beggar,7 years old,no chance to go to school,a three-year-old child,severely ill,no money for medical treatmentPre-reading Activities,8/62,a middle-aged man,disabled with both arms and legs,still earning his life by repairing bicycles,a six-year-old child,disabled in walking,begging for money on the road,Pre-reading Activities,9/62,How can we help the disabled?,Use the modern technologies-assistive technologies to make the life of the disabled much easier.,Chinese National Help-the-disabled Day-the third Sunday of May.,Offer more job vacancies.,Build barrier-free facilities nationwide.,Improve the service industries towards the handicapped.,Reform on the medical and relief policies and make them more favorable and practical.,10/62,-,11,-,Pre-reading Activities,New Words and Expressions,Text Analysis,1,2,3,Unit Three,Summary,4,5,Writing,11/62,-,12,-,Language Points,raw,(Para.1 L2),raw material/cotton/sugar/silk,原材料,/,籽棉,/,粗糖,/,生丝,Example,a.,(of food)not cooked,b.,(of materials)in its natural state,c.,(of information)not yet processed,raw meat,生肉,This information is only raw data and will need further analysis.,原始数据,12/62,pension:,A sum of money paid regularly as a retirement benefit,e.g.,He lives on his,pension,.,a retirement pension,退休金,2.,They tell the government that they are getting tow hundred dollars less than their real pension (Para.1 line 4),pension,13/62,3,.opt,vi.,to make a choice,e.g.,e.g.,When he left school,he,opted to,go to college and study for a degree,rather than getting a job straight away.,Many students,opt,to,further their study.,Most people,opt for,buying their own homes rather than renting them.,e.g.,opt to do sth./opt for sth.,I have,opted to,live a life of complete honesty.(para.2),14/62,4.,Very high-profile.(Para.2),e.g.,She has a good strong,profile,.,她侧面看上去漂亮而坚毅。,n.1)a side view of a persons face,侧面,e.g.,The actor is photographed in,profile,smoking a cigarette.,这个演员从侧面拍了一张抽烟照片。,profile,15/62,2)a short description that gives important details about a person,a group of people,or a place.,人物介绍，概况,3)a high/low profile,引人注目,/,低调,collocation,write a profile,for him,给他写小传,keep a low profile,保持低调,DNA profiling,DNA,判定,（,for crime inspection,）,profile,16/62,e.g.,Compensation,of injured workers has cost the company a lot,.,对受伤工人赔偿花费了企业不少钱。,e.g.,She received$50,000 in,compensation,for a lost eye.,她得到了,5,万美金作为失去一只眼睛赔偿费。,5.,bow to them as compensation.(Para.3),n.,sth.given to compensate for a loss,赔偿,compensation,compensation,17/62,e.g.,Nothing can,compensate,for the loss of time.,虚度光阴是无法赔偿（光阴一去不复还）。,扩展,compensate v.,赔偿,compensation,18/62,6,.liberal,n.,Translation,Key,C,someone who accepts different opinions or ways of behaving,He regarded himself as,a liberal,and a friend of the poor and black people.,他自认为是一个开明人，是穷人和黑人朋友。,6.,Most caseworkers begin as college-educated,liberals,with high ideals.(Para.3),19/62,e.g.,Translation,6,.liberal,a.,willing to accept different opinions or ways of behaving,:,开明,We were fortunate enough to have a very,liberal,teacher,.,她父母思想开明，让她拥有许多自由。,Her parents are very,liberal,and allow her a lot of freedom.,同义词,open-minded,enlightened,unprejudiced,20/62,7,.alert,vt.,e.g.,1),to make someone notice something important or dangerous,：,提醒；引发,重视,An anonymous(,匿名,)letter,alerted,police,to,the possibility of a terrorist attack at the,airport.,He,altered,teachers,to,the importance of,observing children at play.,alert sb.to sth.,7,.Then the medical worker alerted the main welfare.(Para.12),21/62,Translation,Key,7,.alert,a.,2),paying attention to what is happening and ready to react if necessary,Passengers should try to,stay alert,at all times and report any suspicious packages to the police immediately.,乘客应该尽可能一直保持警觉，发觉任何可疑包裹都要马上向警方汇报。,Usage,be alert to do,The authorities should,have been alert to,the possibility of invasion.,22/62,8.,Someday people like me will thrive under a new system(Para.17),v.grow or develop well,兴旺发达,thrive,e.g.,He that will,thrive,must rise at five.,谚五更起床,百事兴旺。,e.g.,Flowers will notthrive,without sunshine.,花没有阳光不会茂盛。,8.thrive,23/62,e.g.,She was,convicted,of theft.,她被判偷窃罪。,9.,not seek to convict them of cheating.(Para.17),v.,prove or declare sb.,g,uilty,证实有罪,convict,e.g.,There wasnt enough evidence to,convict,him.,没有足够证据证实他有罪。,9.convict,24/62,-,25,-,Pre-reading Activities,Text Analysis,New Words and Expressions,1,3,2,Unit Three,Summary,4,5,Writing,25/62,Main idea of the text?,The reading passage explores the problems,of the present welfare system and expresses,the desire to have a new system.The passages,can be broadly divided into three parts:how,people behave under the present welfare,system and what are the problems with it and,what should be required of the new system.,Main idea of the text,26/62,-,27,-,How is the text organized?,The passage is composed of,three parts:,1.how people behave under the present welfare system,2.what the problems are with it,3.what solutions should be applied to the problems.,The organization of the whole passage goes after the,problem-solution pattern with examples from the authors own experiences.,Text analysis,27/62,Part I,(Paras.1-3),Part II,(Paras.4-14),general situation,how the people concerned behave under the present welfare system,problems,the problems of the present welfare system,Part III,(Paras.15-17),suggestions,what should be done with the present welfare system,Text Analysis,28/62,-,29,-,Language Points,to long for,(Title),经过多年战争后，人们都期望和平。,People,longed for,peace after many years of war.,Example,have a desire for;want very much,29/62,Welfare clients,are believed to,cheat more,money out of,the present,welfare system.,(Para.1),General images of welfare clients and,welfare caseworkers under the present system,There are welfare,clients who choose,to live a life of,complete honesty.,(Para.2),The relationship,between welfare,clients and,caseworkers is,tense.,(Para.3),Part I,30/62,1,.,What does the author mean by saying“A welfare client is supposed to cheat.Everybody expects it”?(Para.1),He means that a welfare client is believed to lie to get a little extra welfare money and those case workers know it well.,Text Understanding,31/62,They know clearly that they are being made fools of by some of their clients,and they feel they are entitled to have clients bow to them as compensation.,He has chosen to live an honest life by drumming up some business outside and drawing cartoons for magazines.,2.How has the author chosen to live as a welfare client?(Para.2),3.What do caseworkers really expect welfare clients to do?(Para.3),32/62,-,33,-,Language Points,be supposed/expected to,(Para.1 L.1),2.,Youre supposed to,ask the teacher if you want to leave the room.,Example,a.,be believed to be,b.,be required to do sth.according to a rule,1.,shes supposed to,have had five hundred pairs of shoes.,普遍认为,应该,33/62,-,34,-,Language Points,bleed,(Para.2 L.3),2.Hed been wounded in the arm and was bleeding heavily.,Example,a.,force sb.to pay a lot of money,b.,lose blood,1,.The west is bleeding poorer countries dry through interest payments on their debts.,西方正经过债务利息,榨干,贫穷国家财富。,向,榨取,34/62,-,35,-,Language Points,to drum up,(Para2.L.2),During the season of Christmas each year,traders use their own unique tricks to,drum up,their business.,每年圣诞节期间，商家们各显神通来,招揽,生意。,Example,try hard to get support,customers,business,etc.,尽力争取,(,支持,);,兜揽,(,生意,),35/62,e.g.,Jesse gave money,under,the,table,to get the apartment,.,杰西悄悄花钱弄到一套房间。,Oh,Im tempted to get paid under the table.(Para.2 L.3),in a secret way,背地里，私下,e.g.,They were charged with taking money,under,the,table,.,他们被指控私下拿钱。,under the table/counter,Language Points,36/62,-,37,-,Im tempted to get paid,under the table,.,But even if I,yielded to,that temptation,big magazines are not going to,get involved in some sticky situation,.,(para.2),Meaning:,I feel a desire to be paid,without being known to others,.,But even if I,couldnt resist,that temptation and wanted to be paid under the table,big magazines I am working for wont agree to,get themselves into trouble,by telling lies for my sake.,Language Points,37/62,-,38,-,Language Points,sticky,(Para.2 L.4),2.Her hands were sticky from the ice cream.,1.a sticky problem/situation,Example,a.difficult or unpleasant,b.covered in a substance that sticks,to things that touch it,棘手,黏,38/62,-,39,-,Language Points,make a fool of sb.,(Para.3 L.2),make a fool of oneself,Your brother is making a fool of you.,Example,trick sb.into behaving foolishly,He was drinking and,making a fool of,himself.,他喝酒时，出尽了洋相。,愚弄，坑骗,出洋相,39/62,-,40,-,Language Points,to be entitled to(do)sth.,(Para.3 L.3),1.Everyone,is entitled to,(air)his own opinion.,Example,have the right to have or do sth.,2.This ticket does not,entitle you to,travel first class.,对,享受权利；有权做某事,40/62,Caseworkers,try to convict,welfare client,of cheating.,One example,is offered.,(,Paras.4-8),Problems with the present welfare system,Welfare clients,find it extremely,difficult to have,their wheelchairs,repaired.One,example is,offered.,(Paras.9-12),If,welfare clients,make money,they have to go,through the,embarrassing,situation of being,questioned to,account for every,penny.,(Para.13),The welfare,system does,not encourage,welfare clients,to work to,support them-,selves and,make a gradual,shift away from,welfare.,(Para.14),Part II,41/62,-,42,-,Language Points,to lecture sb.about sth.,(Para.9 L.1),Hes always lecturing me about the way I dress.,他总说我穿着不得体。,Example,就某事训斥某人,42/62,-,43,-,Ive heard that,you put a lot more miles on that wheelchair than average,.(Para.9 L.4),Meaning:,Ive heard that,you use your wheelchair more often than the average clients do,.No wonder thats why your wheelchair is always breaking down.,Language Points,43/62,e.g.,I hereby,certify,that the above information is true and accurate.,兹证实上述情况属实且准确无误。,who would certify that there was a problem.(Para.12 L.1),v.,put sth.,d,own in writing as an official statement,证实,certify,Language Points,44/62,e.g.,Bids,for building the bridge were invited from big,firms throughout the country.,已向全国几个大企业招标建造这座桥梁。,.,to get the cheapest bid.(Para.12 L.3),n.1)an offer to pay,出价,bid,e.g.,I made a,bid,of$150 for the painting.,我出价,150,美元买这幅画。,Language Points,45/62,-,46,-,There is no provision,in the law for,a gradual shift away from,welfare.,(Para.14 L.1),Meaning:There is not an item of law,to encourage welfare clients to be gradually independent,of the welfare system.,逐步脱离福利照料,Language Points,46/62,1.Answer the following questions:,handicapped;confined to,wheelchair;carrying a urine,bag everyday;,independent;self-respect;,self-support;self-made,Text Understanding,1,)What kind of person is the author?,47/62,-,48,-,Text Understanding,Q,and,A,about the text:,Retell the Procedure to Ask for Wheelchair Repairs,case worker,medical worker,wheelchair repair company,main welfare office,the handicapped client,48/62,Its very difficult for welfare clients to ask for extra financial help.,3)What can you conclude from the procedure,of asking for wheelchair repairs?,Text Understanding,49/62,4)How do you describe Suzanne?,arrogant;suspicious;indifferent;careless;business-like;a detective,Text Understanding,50/62,There needs to,be lawyers to,protect the,rights of welfare,clients.,(Para.15),Suggestions to improve the present welfare system,Welfare clients,should take steps,to fight for more,rights for,themselves.,(Para.16),A new system is,suggested to,encourage welfare,clients to develop their,talents and support,themselves.,(Para.17),Part III,51/62,He dreams of a new system that will encourage the clients and help them to develop their talents,rather than seek to convict them of cheating.,The system so easily lends itself to abuse by the welfare givers as well as by the clients.,What does the author think of the current welfare system?(para.15),What kind of new welfare system does the author dream of?,(para.17),52/62,-,53,-,Language Points,to lend oneself to,(Para.15 L.2),Example,be easily used for a particular activity or result,适宜于；有利于,Any system of taxation,lends itself to,manipulation by clever or unscrupulous men.,任何税收制度都有可能被那些狡猾诡诈人或无耻之徒钻空子,。,53/62,-,54,-,Language Points,to convict sb.of doing sth.wrong,(Para.17 L.2),We have no right to order him to leave school unless there is enough evidence to convict him of cheating in the exam,.,我们无权勒令他退学，除非有足够证据证实他考试作弊。,Example,declare guilty,宣判,有罪；使,服罪,54/62,-,55,-,Someday people like me will thrive under a new system that will encourage them not seek to convict them of cheating.,(para.17),Meaning:One day in the future,disabled people like me living on welfare will do well and get successful if the old system is transformed into a new one that encourages its clients instead of seeking to prove them to be cheating,.,Language Points,55/62,-,56,-,Pre-reading Activities,Summary,New words,1,4,2,Unit Three,Text analysis,3,Writing,5,56/62,Fill in the chart with the information given in the text.,The Current Welfare System,The New Welfare System,welfare clients,welfare givers,the authors opinion,earn part or all of their own livings;develop their talent without guilt or fear,.,encourage clients to work/live a better life/earn their own livings.,People will thrive under it.,cheat;bleed the system for extra money.,seek to convict the,clients of cheating.,It can be easily abused,by the welfare givers as well as the cli