中考英语--语法专题研究-专题7-形容词和副词市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第二部分 语法专题研究,专题七 形容词和副词,（必考：每卷59道，713.5分，单项选择、完形、短文填空）,第1页,命题点1 形容词使用方法及辨析,命题点2 副词使用方法及辨析,命题点3 形容词、副词混合辨析,第一节 形容词、副词使用方法及辨析,第二节 形容词、副词比较等级,第2页,第一节 形容词、副词使用方法及辨析,（必考：每卷38道，412.5分，单项选择、完形、短文填空）,命题点1 形容词使用方法及辨析,(必考：每卷14道，1.56分，单项选择、完形、短文填空),中考试练,1.The car is _.It needs washing.,2.The old man often feels _ because,his children live far away.,dirty,lonely,第3页,3.As a teacher,I love being with my students.,You cant imagine how much they are,_ for knowledge!,4.People in all countries want a _,environment for living rather than one filled,with wars.,5.Its for children to go out alone at,night.,6.They are twins,but they are _ from,each other in characters.,peaceful,dangerous,different,thirsty,第4页,7.The _ number of the students in,our class is 45,twenty girls and twentyfive,boys.,8.Take a rest after lunch and you wont feel,_ in the afternoon.,total,sleepy/tired,第5页,9.Mom,Im very _ for all your love.,A.thankful B.careful C.useful D.helpful,10.Its every policemans dream to keep people,_ and the traffic in good order.,A.safe B.healthy C.busy D.famous,11.The story is really _.It makes all,of us laugh a lot.,A.correct B.boring C.humorous D.direct,A,A,C,第6页,12.Why did she get so mad?It was only a,_ joke.,A.hopeless B.hopeful,C.harmless D.harmful,13.Just be _，you cant make such,great progress in a day.It takes time.,A.available B.humorous,C.patient D.unbelievable,C,C,第7页,满分突破,分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，形容词词义辨析在完形填空中属于必考点，形容词使用方法主要在短文填空中考查。,考生在做,选择题,时，首先应读懂句意抓住题干中关键信息，并分析各选项意思，结合语境选出正确答案。,第8页,在做,短文填空,时，应先依据语法知识确定所填空缺处是否填形容词,(,参考形容词使用方法,)，再结合语境填出正确答案；有时也能够结合和形容词相关固定搭配填写。,第9页,形容词使用方法,(,9年9卷11考,),1.形容词普通放在名词前作定语或系动词后作表语，修饰复合不定代词时，常位于复合不定代词之后。如：,Tell me your honest opinion.告诉我你真实想法。,The girl is very careful.这个女孩很细心。,I have something important to tell you.我有一些主要事情要告诉你。,第10页,2.作宾补，放在宾语之后，常与make,leave,keep等动词连用。如：,Youd better keep the window open.你最好让窗户开着。,形容词词义辨析,(,9年9卷11考,),重庆近9年中考对形容词考查以在语境中考查形容词词义辨析为主，完形填空每卷考查12道。常见易混形容词(组)辨析以下：,第11页,1.a little,little,a few与few,2.alone与lonely,3.,v,.ing形容词与,v,.ed形容词,4.too many,too much与much too,详细讲解详见本书P55,详细讲解见本书P27详细讲解,详,见本书P9,详细讲解详见本书P18,第12页,近义词,词义和使用方法,例句,many,“许多”。修饰可数名词（复数），与few相对,I believe that there are many ways to express our love.我相信表示我们爱有很多方式。,much,“许多”。用来修饰不可数名词，与little相对,He doesnt spend much time preparing his lessons.他没有花太多时间准备功课。,5.,many与much,第13页,常见形容词固定搭配,1.,与,of搭配,be full of充满(,A卷81题,),be proud of对,感到自豪,be afraid of害怕,be tired of对,厌倦,be sure of对,有把握,be fond of喜欢,第14页,2.,与,to搭配,be able to能够(,B卷85题,),be kind to对,仁慈,be polite to对,礼貌,be friendly to对,友好,be close to靠近,第15页,3.,与,at搭配,be surprised at对,感到惊奇,be angry at 对,生气,be good at 在,方面擅长,be mad at对,生气,第16页,4.,与,about搭配,be careful about 对,小心,be sure/certain about 对,有把握,be crazy about 对,热衷,be curious about 对,好奇,be worried about 对,担忧,be strict about sth.对某事要求严格,第17页,5.,与,with搭配,be angry with生,气,be busy with忙于,be filled with充满,be satisfied with对,感到满意,be patient with对,有耐心,be strict with sb.对某人要求严格,第18页,命题点2 副词使用方法及辨析,(仅 A卷未考，每卷15道，17.5分，单项选择、完形、短文填空),中考试练,14.I _ ride a bike to school.But this,morning,I walked to school.,A.never B.hardly C.seldom D.usually,15.The movie covers all of Chinese history.,It is _ worth watching again.,A.mainly B.really C.possibly D.simply,D,B,第19页,16._ do you like pingpong?,Because it is relaxing.,A.How B.When C.Why D.Where,17.Alex did the project on community service,_ better than his classmates.,A.so B.very C.too D.much,18.I cant hear you _.Something may,be wrong with my telephone.,A.carefully B.clearly,C.quietly D.slowly,C,D,B,第20页,19.Be careful when you are driving,_ in a rainstorm like this.,Thanks.I will.,A.seriously B.exactly,C.especially D.probably,20.Many young adults find it hard to make,their own decisions.,Well,they have to choose _ and,be responsible for their actions.,A.wisely B.easily C.totally D.loudly,C,A,第21页,满分突破,分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，副词词义辨析主要在单项选择和完形填空中考查，其中频度副词辨析和以ly结尾副词为高频考点。短文填空中主要考查副词使用方法，也会包括固定搭配。在备考时，考生要熟练掌握副词词义及使用方法。,第22页,副词使用方法,(,9年5卷9考,),1.主要用以修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或全句。在句中可用作状语、表语和定语。如：,Lingling can draw very well.Drawing,is her hobby.玲玲画画很好。画画是她,兴趣。,2.副词普通位于句首、句末或放在所修饰动词之后；频度副词通常位于实义动词之前，,第23页,be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。如：,Clearly，my friend had left it in the taxi the night before.很显著，我朋友前一天晚上把它落在了出租车上。,He is always thinking of others.他总是为他人着想。,第24页,组成,例词,与形容词同形,low;fast;late;early;much;,deep;little;hard;only;back;,just;well;enough;long;high,形容词后直接加,ly,sadsadly;politepolitely,辅音字母加y结尾形容词改y为i再加ly,happyhappily;,angryangrily;busybusily,副词组成,第25页,辅音字母加,le结尾时，去e加y,simplesimply;terribleterribly;gentlegently,少数以e结尾形容词，去掉e再加ly,truetruly,第26页,1.,以,ly,结尾副词辨析,(,6考,),quietly 平静地(,A卷31题,),bravely 勇敢地(,B卷47题,),sadly 难过地(,A卷47题,),slowly 迟缓地(,B卷47题,),brightly 明亮地(,B卷50题,),quickly 快速地(,年43题,),副词辨析,(,9年10卷17考,),第27页,angrily 生气地 loudly大声地,heavily 沉重地 widely 广泛地,truly 真正地 happily 高兴地,luckily 幸运地 deeply 深深地,2.常见频度副词辨析(,9考,),详细讲解详见本书P33,第28页,3.,程度副词和其它副词辨析,(,A卷44题，年46题,),(1),程度副词,：放在被修饰形容词或副词前，情态动词或助动词之后,(,enough修饰形容词或副词时需后置,),第29页,程度副词,词义,程度副词,词义,quite,相当，完全，十分,a little,一点儿，一些,rather,相当，颇，有点儿,a bit,少许,very,非常,enough,足够,much,许多,hardly,几乎不,a lot,许多,almost,几乎，差不多,so,如此,such,如此,第30页,时间副词,词义,时间副词,词义,now,现在,soon,很快,then,然后,ones,曾经，以前,today,今天,still,依然,tomorrow,明天,suddenly,突然,yesterday,昨天,later,以后，随即,(2),时间副词,：普通放在句末,第31页,before,在之前,already,已经,ago,以前,early,早,late,晚，迟,just now,刚才,immediately,马上，立刻,at once,立刻，马上,(3)表示“也，又”副词。常见有“also,too,either与as well”等。,详细讲解详见本书P15,第32页,命题点3 形容词、副词混合辨析,(B卷24题，A卷29题，年28题，年29题，单项选择),中考试练,21.Please be _.Theres an important,meeting in the next room.,A.quickly B.quick C.quietly D.quiet,D,第33页,22.Look on the bright side of things,and you will,live _,A.lovely B.clearly C.happily D.heavily,23.Some foreigners speak Chinese as _,as Chinese.,A.well B.good C.bad D.badly,C,A,第34页,满分突破,分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，形容词和副词混合考查特点为选项中含有同一词根两种词性混合辨析或是同为ly形式形容词和副词混合辨析。,第35页,做这类题目时，首先要依据空格处所修饰成份来确定选择形容词还是副词。假如空格处修饰名词，就要用形容词；假如空格处修饰动词或形容词，就要用副词。但假如空格前是系动词或感官动词，则需要用形容词作表语。,第36页,形容词,词义,副词,词义,quiet,平静,(A卷29题),quietly,平静地,good,好,(28题),well,好地,(29题),had,不好，坏,badly,不好地，坏地,quick,快,quickly,快地,常见形容词及其对应副词形式,：,第37页,clear,清楚,clearly,清楚地,simple,简单,simply,简单地,happy,开心,happily,开心地,heavy,重,heavily,沉重地,strong,强壮,strongly,强有力地,easy,简单,easily,简单地,careful,仔细,carefully,仔细地,第38页,有些以,ly结尾词是形容词而非副词。如：friendly友好(,B卷24题,）考查了friendly与ly副词混合辨析)，lovely可爱，lively充满活力，lonely孤独。,注,意,第39页,第二节 形容词、副词比较等级,（必考每卷13道，15分，单项选择、完成句子、短文填空）,中考试练,【重庆7年真题(,)】,1.(A卷36题)I think its necessary to,learn how to work in groups.,I quite agree.Sometimes its even,_,than grades.,A.less important B.more important,C.the least important D.the most important,B,第40页,2.(B卷31题)This kind of watch is much,_ today than last month.Would you,like to have one?,Really?Ill take one.,A.the most expensive B.the cheapest,C.more expensive D.cheaper,3.(B卷27题)Ma Yun,head of,Alibaba,is,one of _ persons in the world.,A.rich B.richer C.richest D.the richest,D,D,第41页,4.(B卷39题)Ive got quite a few,dictionaries.Among them,this English,dictionary is _,A.much useful B.more useful,C.the most useful D.a little useful,5.(年39题)What do you think of the film,you saw yesterday?,Oh!Its one of _ films Ive ever seen.,A.interesting B.more interesting,C.most interesting D.the most interesting,C,D,第42页,6.(年31题)The more you smile,the,_ you will feel.,A.happy B.happier,C.happily D.more happily,7.(年29题)Who did English homework,better,Leo or Nick?,Leo was more careful.I think Leo did,_ Nick.,A.as good as B.as well as,C.better than D.worse than,B,C,第43页,(B卷79题)你练习得越多，英语就会说,得越好。(完成译句),_ _ you practise English,the,better you will speak it.,The,more,第44页创新猜押】,9.Tony can play basketball _ than Mike,and Sam.,10.Henry jumps _ than any other,student in his class and he always wins the,first place in high jump competition.,11.Its cold today and I cant stand it.But the,radio says it will be even _ tomorrow.,better,higher,colder,第45页,12.What a clear blue sky it is!,Yes.I have never seen a _ sky.,A.more beautiful B.most beautiful,C.less beautiful D.the least beautiful,13.People use steel to build houses instead of,wood,because wood breaks _,A.easier B.much easier,C.more easily D.most easily,A,C,第46页,14.The more junk food you eat,_,healthy you will be.,A.the less B.the more C.more D.less,15.Jeff exercises every day.He is the_,in his class.,A.longer B.longest,C.stronger D.strongest,A,D,第47页,16.深圳是一个当代城市，它和香港一样繁忙。,(完成译句),Shenzhen is a modern city and its _,busy _ Hong Kong.,17.汤姆比他办公室其它人打字都快。(完成,译句),Tom types _ _ any other,person in his office.,as,as,faster,than,第48页,满分突破,分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，形容词、副词比较等级在单项选择中是必考点，每卷均会考查1道，其中以形容词比较等级居多。在短文填空中考查5次，在完成句子中仅于年B卷79题考查比较等级特殊句型。,第49页,形容词比较等级主要考查其规则改变、副词修饰比较级和词义辨析混合考查以及特殊句型；副词比较等级主要考查其不规则改变和特殊句型。包括到比较等级特殊句型有：the比较级，the比较级；as原级as；one of the最高级等。,考生在解答这类试题时,需做到以下三点：,第50页,1.熟记形容词、副词比较等级规则改变和不规则改变，以及其特殊句型；,2.了解句意，明确空格处所缺内容词性、词义等，判断本题是否为考查比较等级。普通若是二者中比较，用比较级；若是三者或三者以上比较，用最高级；,3.分析句子结构，寻找比较等级关键标志词或固定结构(,如,than是比较级标志；one,第51页,of 后跟最高级；asas中间是原级；句中有表示程度副词修饰时用比较级,)得出正确答案。若无显著标志词，则需考生依据语境进行判断。,4.针对词义辨析与比较等级混合考查题，可先依据语境排除意思不符选项，再结合上述方法选择正确答案。,第52页,类别,组成方法,原级,比较级,最高级,单音,节词,和少,数多,音节,词,直接加,er，,est(,5考,),cheap,strong,cheaper,stronger,cheapest,strongest,以不发音字母e结尾加r,st,large,nice,larger,nicer,largest,nicest,形容词、副词比较等级规则改变,(,9年10卷13考,),第53页,单音,节词,和少,数多,音节,词,以重读闭音节结尾，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，则双写这一辅音字母，再加,er，est,big,thin,hot,fat,bigger,thinner,hotter,fatter,biggest,thinnest,hottest,fattest,辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i，再加er，est(3考）,early,happy,earlier,happier,earliest,happiest,第54页,多音节词和部分双音节词,多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加,more,most(,5考,),important,useful,interesting,more,important/,useful/,interesting,most,important/,useful/,interesting,第55页,原级,比较级,最高级,good/well,better,(,3考,),best,ill/bad/badly,worse(37题),worst,many/much,more,most,little,less,least,far,farther/further,farthest/furthest,old,older/elder,oldest/eldest,形容词、副词比较等级不规则改变,(,9年5卷6考,),第56页,形容词、副词比较等级基本使用方法,1.,原级比较，即同级比较,(1)AB：as,adj,./,adv,.原级as。(,年70题,)如：,English is as interesting as Chinese.英语和汉语一样有趣。,(2)AB：not so/as,adj,./,adv,.原级as。如：,This dictionary is not as expensive as that,one.这本字典没有那本贵。,第57页,2.,比较级使用方法,(,9年10卷13考,),(1)表示二者进行比较时用比较级，其结构为，即 AB。(,注意比较,对象要一致,)。如：,My bike is more beautiful than hers.我自行车比她(自行车)更漂亮。,A+比较级+than+B,第58页,(2),(表示“A不及B”，即AB。如：,The film was less interesting than the book.那部电影不及那本书有趣。,(,3,),有表示程度副词a little,a bit,a lot,much,even,far等修饰时，用形容词或副词比较级。(,A卷36题，B卷31题，81题，37题,)如：,It is even colder today.今天甚至更冷了。,A+less+多音节形容词原级+than+B,第59页,(4)在二者之间进行选择，表示“哪一个更”时,用句型,表示。如：,Which is nearer to the sun,the moon or the earth?哪个离太阳更近，月亮还是地球？,which/who+比较级,A or B?,第60页,(5)表示二者之间较,一个,(of the two)时，惯用 结构。如：,He is the thinner of the two.他是两个人中较瘦那个。,(6),表示“越来越”。如：,Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.我们城市变得越来越漂亮了。,the+比较级,比较级+and+比较级,第61页,(7)表示“越，就越”(,B卷79题，A卷81题，年31题,)如：,The more fruit you eat,the healthier you will be.你吃水果越多，你就越健康。,(8)表示“,比,几倍,”时，用,表示。如：,He is twice younger than me.他比我年轻两倍。,the+,比较级，,the+,比较级,倍数+比较级,+than,第62页,3.,最高级使用方法,(,9年6卷6考),(1)三者或三者以上人或物进行比较时，用最高级。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前能够不用the。句末常跟一个in/of 短语来表示范围。如：,This picture is the best of all.这幅画是全部画中最好。,(2)形容词最高级前面能够有物主代词、指示代词、名词全部格等修饰，但此时不能再加定冠词the。如：,第63页,She is my best friend.她是我最好朋友。,(3)形容词比较级结构能够表示最高级含义，这类结构有比较级+than any other+名词单数+in/of，比较级+than the other+名词复数和,否定词+比较级。Li Lei is taller than any other student in our class.李雷比我们班上其它同学都高。No one is taller than Li Lei in our class.在我们班没有些人比李雷高。,第64页,(4)表示在三者或三者以上人或物中进行比较时，用句型,。如：,Who is the tallest,Tom,Ben or Bill?汤姆、本、比尔，谁最高？,(5)表示“,中最,之一,”时，用,(,B卷27题，年39题,)如：,which/who+最高级，A、B,one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数。,or C？,第65页,(6),表示“第几”。如：,She is the second tallest girl in our class.她是我们班第二高女生。,the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词,He is one of the best players.他是最好运动员之一。,第66页,